scholarly journals Antioxidant enzyme activities in Allium species and their cultivars under water stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 517-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Csiszár ◽  
E. Lantos ◽  
I. Tari ◽  
E. Madoşă ◽  
B. Wodala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Soil Moisture Stress ◽  
Relative Water

We compared the enzymatic antioxidative defence mechanisms of some regional subspecies of <I>Allium (A. cepa </I>L., <I>A. ascalonicum</I> auct. hort., A.<I> sativum</I> L.) cultivated mainly in the western regions of Romania, and two modern Hungarian climate resistant F <sub>1</sub> hybrids. The variability in the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and their changes under soil moisture stress were investigated. 1-week-long water stress revealed that among three <I>Allium</I> species, relative water content decreased only in <I>A. ascalonicum</I> leaves (up to 16%). Unlike root enzymes, the activities of the shoot enzymes, especially POD, GR and GST showed a stronger correlation with the water content of the leaves after one week of water withdrawal; regression coefficients (<I>R</I><sup>2</sup>) were 0.359, 0.518 and 0.279, respectively. The ancient populations with elevated (or highly inducible) antioxidant enzyme activities may be interesting for further research and for breeding of new <I>Allium</I> varieties.

scholarly journals Unveiling the Differential Antioxidant Activity of Maslinic Acid in Murine Melanoma Cells and in Rat Embryonic Healthy Cells Following Treatment with Hydrogen Peroxide

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 4020
Author(s):  
Khalida Mokhtari ◽  
Amalia Pérez-Jiménez ◽  
Leticia García-Salguero ◽  
José A. Lupiáñez ◽  
Eva E. Rufino-Palomares
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Maslinic Acid ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Melanoma B16f10

Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural triterpene from Olea europaea L. with multiple biological properties. The aim of the present study was to examine MA’s effect on cell viability (by the MTT assay), reactive oxygen species (ROS levels, by flow cytometry) and key antioxidant enzyme activities (by spectrophotometry) in murine skin melanoma (B16F10) cells compared to those on healthy cells (A10). MA induced cytotoxic effects in cancer cells (IC50 42 µM), whereas no effect was found in A10 cells treated with MA (up to 210 µM). In order to produce a stress situation in cells, 0.15 mM H2O2 was added. Under stressful conditions, MA protected both cell lines against oxidative damage, decreasing intracellular ROS, which were higher in B16F10 than in A10 cells. The treatment with H2O2 and without MA produced different responses in antioxidant enzyme activities depending on the cell line. In A10 cells, all the enzymes were up-regulated, but in B16F10 cells, only superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase increased their activities. MA restored the enzyme activities to levels similar to those in the control group in both cell lines, highlighting that in A10 cells, the highest MA doses induced values lower than control. Overall, these findings demonstrate the great antioxidant capacity of MA.

Drought tolerance in cereals in terms of water retention, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szilvia Bencze ◽  
Zsuzsanna Bamberger ◽  
Tibor Janda ◽  
Krisztina Balla ◽  
Zoltán Bedő ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Wheat Varieties

AbstractExperiments were carried out on three bread wheat varieties, one barley and one durum wheat variety grown in pots in the phytotron and subjected to water withdrawal for 7 days during grain-filling. Leaf water loss, net assimilation rate and transpiration showed marked differences, allowing the genotypes to be ranked. Although the most resistant variety had the highest activity for ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), which did not rise further in response to drought and the most susceptible variety had the lowest values, which increased to the greatest extent under drought, the level of sensitivity could not be predicted for all the genotypes from the enzyme activity values alone. The largest increases were recorded for the APX, CAT and GR activities. In most genotypes the GR activity was correlated with that of GST, CAT and APX. Changes in the enzyme activities were observed after a decline in transpiration and photosynthesis. The range of soil moisture values over which the antioxidant enzyme activity levels remained relatively unchanged was a better indication of tolerance to drought than either basic or stress-induced activity levels.

Species variation in lung antioxidant enzyme activities

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Bryan ◽  
S. G. Jenkinson
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Cumene Hydroperoxide ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Sod Activity

Exposure of several different animal models to O2-induced lung injury has revealed marked differences in sensitivity of various species to O2 damage. These differences may be due in part to variation of cellular antioxidant defenses. To characterize lung antioxidant enzyme activities in different species, we measured lung activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GSH S-trans) in rat, hamster, baboon, and human lung. Soluble lung fractions were also fractionated on Sephadex G-150-S columns and GSH-Px activity was measured using both cumene hydroperoxide and H2O2. This was done to evaluate non-Se-dependent GSH-Px activity in these lung samples. Human lung was obtained at surgery from patients undergoing lobectomy or pneumonectomy for localized lung tumors. SOD activity was similar for all four groups. GSH-Px activity was higher in rat lung than baboon or hamster lung. Lung CAT activity was variable with the highest activity present in the baboon which revealed a lung CAT activity 10 times higher than activity present in the rat. Lung GSH S-trans activities were higher in hamster, baboon, and human lung than in rat lung. Non-Se-dependent GSH-Px was present in rat lung but absent in hamster, baboon, and human lung. We conclude that the hamster was the best model of the animals studied for mimicking human lung antioxidant enzyme activities. Rat lung antioxidant enzyme activities were markedly different from any of the other species examined.

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