scholarly journals Effect of parsley seed treatment on root yield

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Podlaski ◽  
Z. Chrobak ◽  
Z. Wyszkowska
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Priming Technique

As parsley seed vigour is known to be low, a 3-year field study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of seed priming and pelleting. Hardening and solid matrix priming (SMP) were applied to two varieties (Cukrowa and Berlińska). Both methods of seed pre-sowing treatment increased the percentage, speed and synchrony of seedling emergence. Due to seed pre-treatment the original root yield of cv. Cukrowa increased by 6.45 to 7.09 t/ha and that of cv. Berlińska by 2.44 to 5.48 t/ha, depending on the priming technique. Pelleting of primed seeds negatively affected seed vigour as compared to the primed non-pelleted seeds.

Effect of seed damage and metalaxyl seed treatment on pythium seedling blight and seed yield of field pea

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Hwang ◽  
B. D. Gossen ◽  
K. F. Chang ◽  
G. D. Turnbull ◽  
R. J. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
The Impact

When cool, wet conditions persist after planting, Pythium spp. can be an important constraint to stand establishment in field pea. Laboratory studies and field trials were conducted over 3 yr to assess the impact and evaluate the interactions of Pythium spp., metalaxyl seed treatment and damage to seed on seedling establishment, root rot severity and seed yield of field pea. Seedling emergence, seedling size, and seed yield were reduced by inoculation with Pythium spp. and by mechanical damage to the seed. Fungicide seed treatment reduced the impact of seed damage, but did not always restore seedling emergence and seed yield to the same level as from undamaged seed. Undamaged seed treated with metalaxyl was not affected by inoculation with Pythium spp. Differences among cultivars, although often significant, were small relative to the effect of seed injury. Laboratory studies showed a negative linear relationship between inoculum concentration and emergence from untreated seed. They also showed that Pythium spp. had a similar impact on seedling emergence in cool (20/10°C day/night) and cold (12/6°C) soils. This study showed that planting fungicide-treated, high-quality field seed was an effective means of maximizing emergence and stand establishment for commercial field pea production. Key words: Pisum sativum, seed vigour, metalaxyl, Pythium, seed damage

scholarly journals Treatment of soybean seeds with molybdenum and inoculant: nitrate reductase activity and agronomic performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
Ewerton Gewehr ◽  
Otávio De Oliveira Corrêa ◽  
Anna Dos Santos Suñé ◽  
Gabriel Bandeira Duarte ◽  
Luciano Do Amarante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Presence And Absence

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of molybdenum and inoculant application via seed treatment in soybean, and their role in the nitrate reductase enzyme activity, agronomic traits and physiological quality of the produced seeds. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The treatments were shaped by five doses of molybdenum (zero; 16; 32; 48; 64 g.100kg-1 of seeds) combined with the presence and absence of liquid inoculant (Bradyrhizobium japonicum), at a dose of 200 mL per 100 kg of seeds. The evaluations of nitrate reductase activity, agronomic traits and physiological seed quality were performed in the present work. The measured agronomic traits were: plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seed per plant and thousand-seed weight. Standard germination test was executed to evaluate the produced seed viability. First germination counting, accelerated aging test, cold test, plantlet shoot and root length, plantlet shoot and root dry mass, and field seedling emergence were utilized to measure the seed vigour. Molybdenum, both in presence and absence of inoculant, positively influenced the enzymatic activity, for both vegetative and reproductive stages. The addition of inoculant and molybdenum provided increase in the vigour of the produced seeds. The enzyme activity was positively correlated with the agronomic traits and vigour tests. The addition of inoculant and molybdenum in the seed treatment provides a better expression of nitrate reductase activity and vigour of the produced seeds.

scholarly journals Seed treatments for sustainable agriculture-A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 521-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Sharma ◽  
U.S. Singh ◽  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
Ashish Kumar ◽  
Lalan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Future Work

Seed treatment refers to the application of certain agents physical, chemical or biological to the seed prior to sowing in order to suppress, control or repel pathogens, insects and other pests that attack seeds, seedlings or plants and it ranges from a basic dressing to coating and pelleting. Introduction and ban of arsenic (used from 1740 until 1808) is the key milestones in the history of modern seed treatment till then a continuous research and advancement in this technology is going on. The technological advancement prepared a roadmap for refiningexisting seed treatment technologies and future work on technologies like fluid drilling as a way to sow germinated seeds where gel can also serve as a delivery system for other materials, seed priming advances the early phase of germination without redicle emergence. Another advanced technology, solid matrix priming (SMP) has been evaluated as a means to advances the germination of seeds and serve as a carrier for useful material too. Physical and biological seed treatments alone an alternative to chemicals or in combination with a chemical treatment are being used worldwide because of their environmental safety and socioeconomic aspects. Biological seed treatments are expected to be one of the fastest growing seed treatment sectors in the near future, in part because they are easier to register at Environment Protection Agency (EPA). Lack of awareness to seed treatments at farmer’s level is one of the limiting factors in disease management and hence, efforts should be made at farmer’s level to adopt the technology. Keeping the all above facts in mind, selected seed treatment technologies with their improvement and significance will be discussed in this review.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Solid Matrix Chemo-priming in Okra

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Conway ◽  
R. Mereddy ◽  
B. A. Kahn ◽  
Y. Wu ◽  
S. W. Hallgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Emergence And Reduction

Two field trials at Stillwater and Bixby, OK, evaluated the efficacy of solid matrix priming techniques, alone or in combination with fungicide seed treatment on seedling emergence and reduction of damping-off of okra in field soil naturally infested with Pythium ultimum. The following treatments were evaluated: thiram + carboxin (chemo-primed) (commercially applied), biological seed treatment (bio-primed) (Trichoderma harzianum isolate OK-110, 1 g suspended in 1% carboxymethylcellulose [CMC]), untreated seed (control), and a 1% CMC control. Chemo-primed seeds had a more uniform and faster emergence compared with untreated seeds at both field sites. Within 3 days, 92 and 78% of chemo-primed seeds had emerged at Stillwater and Bixby, respectively, compared with 84 and 71% emergence in the untreated control. Mean emergence of chemo-primed seeds was lower (P ≤ 0.05) than the untreated control. Chemo-primed seeds had greater vigor (P≤ 0.05) at both locations compared with either fungicide-treated or priming alone, at both locations. There were no differences (P ≤ 0.05) in yield among treatments at both locations. P. ultimum was consistently isolated from damped-off seedlings and surrounding soil at both locations. Isolates of P. ultimum were more pathogenic on okra in laboratory tests than isolates of Rhizoctonia spp., Fusarium spp., and other Pythium spp. also isolated from seed or soil.

scholarly journals Studies on solid matrix priming of seeds in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 395-401
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kanwar ◽  
D. K. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Total Field ◽  
Seed Soaking ◽  
Field Emergence

A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of solid matrix priming of seeds on emergence (%), growth and fruit yield characters of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) cultivar ‘Solan Hara’. The Experiment comprised of two vigour groups of seeds viz., ‘V1’ (High vigour seeds) and ‘V2’ (72 hours accelerated aged seeds/low vigour seeds) and five seed priming treatments viz., ‘P1’ (Solid matrix priming with Cocopeat), ‘P2’ (Solid matrix priming with Perlite), ‘P3’ (Solid matrix priming with Vermiculite), ‘P4’ (Seed soaking in water), ‘P5’ (Control -Without treatment).Investigation proved that low vigour seeds were inferior in respect of high vigour seeds in terms of seed physiological quality, emergence, growth and yield characteristics. Seed priming with Perlite for 72 hours proved its potential over other priming treatments, seed soaking and control (non-primed seeds) in both high vigour and low vigour seeds for agronomic attributes under study. High vigour seeds primed with Perlite ‘V1P2’ was found to be the best treatment for most of the traits understudy recording highest total field emergence (76.60%), fruit yield per plot (16.12 Kg) and per hectare (250.35 q). Similarly, Low vigour seeds primed with Perlite also recorded enhanced and improved total field emergence (73.83%) fruit yield per plot (9.28 Kg) and per hectare (143.26 q) compared to other low vigour treated and non treated seeds. From the present investigation it was inferred that that the extent of improvement w.r.t. attributes studied was more in low vigour seeds (V2) and seed priming with solid matrix carrier ‘Perlite’ can be used as a beneficial pre-sowing treatment to enhance the seedling emergence, growth and yield characteristics in bitter gourd.

scholarly journals Presowing Seed Treatments to Enhance Supersweet Sweet Corn Seed and Seedling Quality

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Parera ◽  
Daniel J. Cantliffe
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Presowing Treatment ◽  
Emergence Percentage

Poor emergence and low seedling vigor are characteristics of many supersweet sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars carrying the shrunken-2 (sh2) gene. Four sh2 sweet corn cultivar seeds [`How Sweet It Is' (HSII), `Crisp N' Sweet 711' (CNS-711), `Sweet Belle' (SB), and `Dazzle' (DZ)] were solid-matrix-primed (SMP), SMP with sodium hypochlorite (SMPcl), treated with a fungicide combination (F) (Imazalil + Captan + Apron + Thiram), or primed with the aforementioned fungicides (SMPf). The seed treatments were tested in the laboratory and the field. Seed imbibition and leachate electrical conductivity were lower in SMP seeds than in nonprimed seeds. In the field, emergence percentage and rate of CNS-711 and SB (high-vigor seeds) were not improved by the seed treatments compared to the nontreated seeds. Emergence percentage and rate of HSII and DZ (considered low-vigor seeds) were improved as a result of SMPcl, SMPf, or F treatments compared to nonprimed seeds. Compared to the F treatment, the SMPcl presowing treatment increased DZ seedling emergence rate and percentage. The combined SMP and seed disinfection via NaOCl seems to be a promising fungicide seed-treatment substitute that improves the stand establishment and seedling vigor of sh2 sweet corn cultivars. Chemical names used: 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2-propenyloxy)ethyl]-1 H imidazole (Imazalil); N-[(trichloromethyl)thio]-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide(Captan); N- (2,6-dimethylphenyl)- N -(methoxyacetyl)alanine methyl ester (Apron); tetramethylthiuram disulfide (Thiram).

Seed enhancement technologies to improve germination and emergence of Australian native Poaceae

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fernanda Caro Beveridge ◽  
Alwyn Williams ◽  
Steve W. Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Enhancement Technologies

Abstract Using seeds to restore natural ecosystems has a greater chance of success if the seeds used are ready to germinate given appropriate environmental conditions. For Australian native Poaceae species, seed quality and dormancy can impose constraints on restoration success. In this study, germination biology of three Australian native Poaceae species, such as Cymbopogon refractus, Capillipedium spicigerum and Bothriochloa bladhii, was investigated. The seeds were exposed to different germination-enhancing chemicals (GECs, namely smoke water (SW), potassium nitrate (KNO3) or a combination (SW + KNO3)) and treated with three different seed enhancement technologies (SETs, namely seed priming, seed coating or seed cookies) then sown into two contrasting soil types (sodosol or black vertisol). Laboratory germination percentages achieved were <50% for all species, limited by dormant seeds. Incorporating GECs together with seed priming or seed coating treatment significantly increased seedling emergence rates and promoted earlier emergence as compared to the untreated control. For C. refractus and C. spicigerum, priming and/or coating with KNO3 + SW had the highest cumulative emergence. For B. bladhii, total seedling emergence was the highest (36% in both soils) for primed seeds with KNO3. Seedling emergence from seed cookies was low in all three species (<15%). Generally, soil type did not influence emergence rates for either GEC or SET. Understanding the environmental requirements needed for seed germination, together with an appropriate pre-treatment before sowing, can speed up seedling emergence and increase total emergence when using native Poaceae species for seed-based restoration.

Drought stress and osmo-priming effects on physiological and biochemical characteristics of Ocimum basilicum

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 905-913
Author(s):  
Bahram Majd Nassiry ◽  
Neda Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
And Control

    One of the effects of reducing water content on soil is reduction of growth and development of seedlings and variation of field development. Seed priming technique has been known as a challenge to improve germination and seedling emergence under different environmental stresses. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of osmo-priming on germination characteristics and changes of proline, protein and catalase activity of Ocimum basilicum seeds. Results showed that drought stress reduced the germination characteristics and drought stress in -8 bar was the critical stress.  Priming treatments were include KNO3, PEG and NaCl by 0, -4 and -8 bar concentrations. The seeds were primed with those materials for 8 and 16 hours. The highest germination characteristics were obtained from nitrate potassium in -8 bar for 16 hours priming. Therefore the best seed treatment under drought stress during germination was obtained from the osmo-primed with -8 bar nitrate potassium for 16 hours. The drought stress increased proline and catalase activity but reduced total protein. Priming treatment increases proline, total protein and catalase activity under drought and control conditions. It is concluded that priming results in improvement in germination components of Ocimum basilicum in drought stress conditions and increases the resistance to drought stress with improvement of proline, protein and catalase activity in germination phase.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Sequential Glufosinate and Foramsulfuron Applications for Management of Fescues (Festucaspp.) in Wild Blueberry

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott N. White ◽  
Shanthanu Krishna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Sheep and hair fescue are perennial, tuft forming grasses that spread by seed and form dense sods in wild blueberry fields. These sods compete with the crop for resources and hinder harvest. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2015 to evaluate 1) the effect of sequential glufosinate and foramsulfuron applications on suppression of fescues in the greenhouse and field, and 2) efficacy of glufosinate and foramsulfuron on fescue seedlings when applied at 2, 4, 6, and 8 wk after seedling emergence in the greenhouse. Glufosinate applications at 750 and 1,005 g ai ha−1followed by foramsulfuron application at 35 g ai ha−1reduced fescue leaf number and biomass relative to foramsulfuron application alone in the greenhouse. In the field study, fescue flowering tuft density, tuft inflorescence height, seed production, and seed viability were reduced by foramsulfuron alone, but there was a trend towards lower seed production and tuft height when fescues were treated with glufosinate at 1,005 g ha−1followed by foramsulfuron. Foramsulfuron caused low seedling mortality at all application timings evaluated, but glufosinate caused >90% mortality in seedlings when applied at 2, 4, 6, or 8 wk after seedling emergence. Our results suggest that sequential applications of these herbicides are less effective under field conditions relative to results obtained in the greenhouse, though burndown glufosinate applications may have a role in reducing fescue seedling recruitment. Additional research should be conducted to determine the effect of early spring and autumn glufosinate applications on fescue seedling recruitment and suppression of established fescue tufts with subsequent foramsulfuron applications.

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