scholarly journals A modification in an open centre training system for increasing the crotch angles of peach scaffold branches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Rahman Mohamed ◽  
Abdel-Rahman M.A. Mohamed ◽  
Heba Sayed ◽  
Lidia Sas-Paszt ◽  
Augustyn Mika
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Training System ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
One Year ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Number Of Branches

One-year-old ‘Florida Prince’ cultivar (cv) peach trees grafted on a ‘Nemaguard’ rootstock were planted in the early spring of 2018 at the Centre of Agricultural Research and Experiments, Minia University, located in southwest Egypt. The trees were planted 5 × 5 m in a randomised complete block design with four replicates, with ten trees in each replicate. In the late spring, two different pruning systems were applied; traditional open centre (OC) and de-branched top trees (DBT). The OC trees were headed at 80 cm above the ground. DBT is a modification of the OC, but no heading was undertaken and the new shoot growth arising from the 20 cm at the top of the plant were removed. Before the winter pruning took place, measurements were taken on the upper two opposite branches. The average length and diameter values of the upper two opposite branches at the top of the trees trained to the OC were higher than those trained with the DBT. In contrast, the distance between the upper two branches (25 cm) at the top of the DBT trees was significantly higher. Likewise, the values of the crotch angles (48°) and the number of branches (81 of 100 branches) that showed desired crotch angles (more than 40°) were remarkably higher in the trees trained with the DBT. After the winter pruning took place, the DBT trees were higher than the OC trees. Additionally, the trees trained with the DBT had low pruning costs and took less time. Moreover, the pruning wood weight of the DBT trees was about half of the pruning wood weight of the OC trees. In conclusion, the DBT training system showed the desired impact on the crotch angles and the tested pruning characteristics.

Herbicide Effects on Weed Control and Shoot Growth of Young Apple (Malus sylvestris) and Peach (Prunus persica) Trees

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester L. Foy ◽  
Susan B. Harrison ◽  
Harold L. Witt
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
One Year ◽  
Broadleaf Species ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Peach Trees

Field experiments were conducted at two locations in Virginia to evaluate the following herbicides: alachlor, diphenamid, diuron, metolachlor, napropamide, norflurazon, oryzalin, oxyfluorfen, paraquat, pendimethalin, and simazine. One experiment involved newly-transplanted apple trees; the others, three in apple and one in peach trees, involved one-year-old trees. Treatments were applied in the spring (mid-April to early-May). Control of annual weed species was excellent with several treatments. A broader spectrum of weeds was controlled in several instances when the preemergence herbicides were used in combinations. Perennial species, particularly broadleaf species and johnsongrass, were released when annual species were suppressed by the herbicides. A rye cover crop in nontreated plots suppressed the growth of weeds. New shoot growth of newly-transplanted apple trees was increased with 3 of 20 herbicide treatments and scion circumference was increased with 11 of 20 herbicide treatments compared to the nontreated control. Growth of one-year-old apple trees was not affected. Scion circumference of one-year-old peach trees was increased with 25 of 33 herbicide treatments.

scholarly journals ADAPTATION STUDY OF IMPROVED FODDER TREE (SESBANIA SESBAN (L.) MERRIL) AT HARO SABU, KELEM WOLLEGA, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 212-219
Author(s):  
Negasu Gamachu ◽  
Gizahu Wekgari
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Sesbania Sesban ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
One Year ◽  
Experimental Treatments

The experiment was conducted at Haro Sabu Agricultural Research Center, Western Oromia for two consecutive years, with the objective to identify adaptive, high yielding and disease/pest resistance varieties. Seven varieties were grown as experimental treatments in a randomized complete block design (RBCD) with three replications. Analysis revealed that DZ-96 and DZ-123 had maximum percentage of survival rate at one year age 0092 and 0347completely died obtained from in one and two years age.  Days of 50% flowering showed statistically highly significant and Mean performance of plant height trait at different ages and seed yield were also significant (p<0.05). Mean green forage yield and Dry matter yield was not significantly (p<0.05) among treatments. But numerically difference was observed among treatments. Maximum fresh weight and sun-dried dry matter yield (DMY) were 84.43 t ha-1 & 27.64 t ha-1 recorded from DZ- 96 followed by DZ-89 and DZ-123 with 18.91 & 18.36 ton ha-1 of sun dried DMY respectively. The best average seed yielders among the tested varieties were recorded from DZ-96 with 47.25 q ha-1 followed by DZ-89 with 46.84 q ha-1. It is concluded that DZ- 96 and DZ- 89 were better performance varieties which are suitable for use as animal feeds.

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield and its components for some flax genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-280
Author(s):  
Taha Ahmed Omar
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Number Of Branches

Sixteen flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes were evaluated at Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, El-Gharbia Governorate, Egypt during the two successive seasons 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation for all studied traits had closely values. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance (as % of mean) for most studied traits. Plant height, technical length and stem diameter were the best selection indices to improve straw yield /plant, along with number of branches, capsules and seeds were effective selection criteria for improving seed yield /plant as proven by phenotypic and genotypic correlation

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF ASIAN HEAR SCIONS ON PYRUS CALLERYANA ROOTSTOCK

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 862g-862
Author(s):  
Hla Aung ◽  
Frank B. Matta
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Pyrus Calleryana ◽  
Asian Pear ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Branching Angle ◽  
One Year ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Grafting Methods

One year old Asian pear scion cultivars were grafted onto Pyrus calleryana rootstock utilizing two grafting methods (whip grafting and splice side grafting). Percentage survival of grafted scions was 78 and 96 via the splice side graft and the whip graft, respectfully. Shoot length and caliper 80 days after grafting did not vary between cultivars. `Yakumo' and 'Chojuro' produced a greater number of branches as compared to the remaining cultivars. `Yakumo', `Chojuro', `Seuri' and `Hosui' produced the least amount of shoot growth. Branching angle was greatest for `Seigyoku', `Chojuro' and `Yakumo' with 60, 70, and 55 degrees, respectfully. As indicated by leaf area, `Seuri' and `Hosui' produced large leaves and `Yakumo' and `Chojuro' produced small leaves.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FORAGE YIELD AND CHARACTERS IN SOME NARBONNE VETCH (VICIA NARBONENSIS L.) CULTIVARS SOWN IN EARLY SPRING AT SUBTROPICAL CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 394-400
Author(s):  
Hazım Serkan Tenikecier ◽  
Adnan Orak
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Number Of Branches

The aim of this research was to determine relationships among forage yield and its some characters in Narbonne vetch cultivars sown in early spring at subtropical conditions. This investigation was conducted between 2016-2018 years at Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Department Research and Experimental Area in randomized complete block design with three replications. Three Narbonne vetch (Bozdağ, Dikili and Özgen) cultivars were used. The plant height, number of branches per plant, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant were determined in ten plants. The plant height, number of branches per plant, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, herbage and hay yields ranged from 40.75-43.09 cm, 1.67-2.72, 5.70-6.57 mm, 10.27-13.73 t ha-1 and 2.28-2.89 t ha-1, respectively, in Narbonne vetch cultivars. A statistically significant and positive relationships were determined between herbage yield and hay yield, between stem diameter and herbage yield and between stem diameter and hay yield. The correlation coefficients analysis showed that the strongest effective trait on herbage yield in Narbonne vetch was the stem diameter. Stem diameter trait can be considered as the primary selection criteria for improving herbage yield in Narbonne vetch at early spring sowing in similar ecological conditions

scholarly journals 759 PB 181 WATER AND HORMONAL INVOLVEMENT IN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PEACH TREES UNDER ROOT RESTRICTION

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 541g-541
Author(s):  
Leonardo Alvarez ◽  
Caula A. Beyl
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
One Year ◽  
Root Restriction ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Dihydrozeatin Riboside

A greenhouse study was established to evaluate the effect of different levels of root restriction on morphology, hydraulic conductivity, root length, and t-zeatin and dihydrozeatin riboside levels in exudate in peach trees. One-year-old `Redhaven' peach on `Lovell' rootstock were grown for 18 weeks in containers with volumes ranging from 1.93 to 11.55 liters. Plants grown in the most restricted containers (1.93 to 3.85 L) had roots that were smaller and exhibited fewer primary and secondary branches with less average length. Final leaf, stem, root fresh and dry weight and root length were reduced in the highly restricted versus the less restricted treatments (7.7 and 11.55 L). Root hydraulic conductivity (Lp) was not affected by container volume. There was less dihydrozeatin riboside and trans-zeatin in exudate of the most restricted plants versus the less restricted ones. Cytokinin levels continued to decrease over the time course of treatment. Shootroot ratio was not altered by the container volume suggesting a coordination of root and shoot growth modulated by the container size.

scholarly journals The Effect of Spraying With Calcium, Boron and Benzyl Adenine on The Quantity and Quality of Yield for Strawberry Plants (Fragaria Ananassa Duch) CV. Rubygem

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
Suzan Ali Hussein ◽  
Mahmood Fadhil Al-Doori
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Significant Superiority

Abstract This experiment was conducted inside the plastic house of the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station in the Al-Sayada area of the College of Agriculture - University of Kirkuk/Iraq, during the growing season of 2020-2021, To study the effect of spraying with calcium and boron with four concentrations (0, 100 Calcium, 20 Boron and 100 Calcium + 20 Boron)mg.L-1 and growth regulatorbenzyl adeninewith three concentrations (0, 30, 60)mg.L-1on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the yield of strawberry plant Rubygem variety.The experiment was carried out in accordance with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) for simple factorial tests with three replicates and one tree per experimental unit. The results were statistically analyzed using the ready-made (SAS V 9.0) program. The averages were compared according to Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at probability level (0.05).The results obtained can be summarized when spraying with a combination of calcium 100 mg.L-1 and boron 20 mg.L-1 led to a significant increase in the average number of flowersand fruits, set percentage and Average diameter of fruit.Whereas, spraying with calcium alone at a concentration of 100 mg.L-1 resulted in a significant superiority in the characteristics (average length and size of the fruit, average fruit weight, average yield per plant and yield per unit area).Whereas, spraying with a concentration of 60 mg.L-1 of growth regulator benzyl adenine led to a significant superiority in all the studied traits compared with the rest of the other treatments.The bilateral overlap between the levels of the factors included in the study had a clear significant effect in compared to the comparative treatment.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF ASIAN HEAR SCIONS ON PYRUS CALLERYANA ROOTSTOCK

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 862G-862
Author(s):  
Hla Aung ◽  
Frank B. Matta
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Pyrus Calleryana ◽  
Asian Pear ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Branching Angle ◽  
One Year ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Grafting Methods

One year old Asian pear scion cultivars were grafted onto Pyrus calleryana rootstock utilizing two grafting methods (whip grafting and splice side grafting). Percentage survival of grafted scions was 78 and 96 via the splice side graft and the whip graft, respectfully. Shoot length and caliper 80 days after grafting did not vary between cultivars. `Yakumo' and 'Chojuro' produced a greater number of branches as compared to the remaining cultivars. `Yakumo', `Chojuro', `Seuri' and `Hosui' produced the least amount of shoot growth. Branching angle was greatest for `Seigyoku', `Chojuro' and `Yakumo' with 60, 70, and 55 degrees, respectfully. As indicated by leaf area, `Seuri' and `Hosui' produced large leaves and `Yakumo' and `Chojuro' produced small leaves.

Cyclanilide Spray Increases Branching in Containerized Whip Production

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Petra Sternberg ◽  
Daniel K. Struve
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Mature Tree ◽  
Lateral Branching ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Second Year ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tree Quality ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract A major goal in the production of tree whips is to produce appropriately sized, well-branched liners with a crown form similar to that of a mature tree. Pruning is used to induce lateral branching. This can result in poor tree quality, reduced growth and the practice is labor intensive. An alternative to mechanical pruning, foliar Cyclanilide® (CYC) sprays at 0, 56, 1 12 and 223 ppm were applied to container grown whips to determine its effect on branching of Amelanchier; Cercis, Malus and Tilia whips. Most species responded to CYC sprays with increased lateral branching if treated during active shoot elongation. Cyclanilide® sprays of 1 12 ppm produced the greatest number of branches. Sprays at 56 ppm resulted in reduced branching (relative to 112 ppm), while sprays of 223 ppm did not increase the number of branches, relative to sprays of 112 ppm, but reduced growth. Cyclanilide® sprays reduced height growth, relative to untreated whips, but did not alter height diameter growth. Cyclanilide® foliar applications to container -grown whips during periods of active shoot elongation increased branching in one-year-old whips that normally do not branch until the second year of production. Further, the origin of lateral branching can be controlled by timing of CYC application. The results indicate that CYC foliar sprays can be an important tool in the production of one-year-old branched whips.

Comparative Effect of Groundnut (Arachis hypogea l.) Genotypes on Yield and N Fixation in Sudan and Northern Guinea Savannahs of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Pod Yield

Recognition of high yielding and nitrogen (N) fixing groundnut genotypes and desegregating them in the cereal-based cropping systems common in savannah regions will enhance food security and reduce the need for high N fertilizers hence, minimize the high cost and associated environmental consequences. Field trials were conducted during the 2015 growing season at the Research Farms of Bayero University Kano (BUK) and Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR), Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru-Zaria to assess the yield potential and Biolog- ical N fixation in 15 groundnut genotypes (ICG 4729, ICGV-IS 07823, ICGV-IS 07893, ICGV-IS 07908, ICGV- SM 07539, ICGV- SM 07599, ICGV-IS 09926, ICGV-IS 09932, ICGV-IS 09992, ICGV-IS 09994, SAMNUT-21, SAMNUT-22, SAMNUT-25, KAMPALA and KWANKWAS). The groundnut genotypes and reference Maize crop (SAMMAZ 29) were planted in a randomized complete block design in three replications. N difference method was used to estimate the amount of N fixed. The parameters determined were the number of nodules, nod- ule dry weight, shoot and root dry weights, pod, and haulm yield as well as N fixation. The nodule dry weight, BNF, haulm, and pod yield were statistically significant (P<0.01) concerning genotype and location. Similarly, their interac- tion effect was also highly significant. ICGV-IS 09926 recorded the highest nod- ule dry weight of 2.07mg /plant across the locations while ICGV-IS 09932 had the highest BNF value of 140.27Kg/ha. Additionally, KAMPALA had the high- est haulm yield, while ICGV-IS 07893 had the highest pod yield across the loca- tions with a significant interaction effect. The result shows that ICGV-IS 07893 and ICGV-IS 09932, as well as ICGV-IS 09994 and SAMNUT – 22, were the best genotypes concerning BNF, haulm and pod yield in the Northern Guinea and Sudan Savannahs of Nigeria respectively with the potential for a corresponding beneficial effect.

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