Nitrogen efficiency of spring barley in long-term experiment

The aim of this study was to evaluate nitrogen (N) efficiency from different organic and mineral fertilizers applied to the spring barley. Dry matter yield, N content and N uptake of spring barley from 16 years of experiments at two sites in the Czech Republic with different soil and climatic conditions were analyzed. For assessing of nitrogen efficiency nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE, kg/kg), recovery efficiency of applied N (%), agronomic efficiency of applied N (kg/kg) and summary N balances (ΣΔN, kg/ha) were observed. Six fertilization treatments were utilized: no fertilization (control); sewage sludge; farmyard manure (FYM); N in mineral fertilizers (N); NPK in mineral fertilizers (NPK) and N in mineral fertilizers + straw (N + ST). Yields were about 68% higher at NPK (S1 site) and 55% at N + ST (S2 site) in comparison with control. The highest NUtE was recorded at both locations after application of FYM. Higher NUtE from mineral fertilizers was obtained at low productive S1 site. At both sites a trend of decreasing ΣΔN over time was observed. At both sites a trend of decreasing negative N balance was observed. At lower productive site the decline of N balance was minimized for mineral fertilizers treatments in last experimental years. At higher productive site the differences between treatments with mineral nitrogen and control were lower and the decline of N balance continued over all 16 years of experiment duration.

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Balance of potassium in two long-term field experiments with different fertilization treatments

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/109/2019-pse ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 225-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jiří Balík ◽

Jindřich Černý ◽

Martin Kulhánek ◽

Ondřej Sedlář ◽

Pavel Suran

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mineral Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Exchangeable K ◽

Negative Balance

Balance of potassium (K) was observed in long-term stationary field experiments (21 years) at two sites with different soil and climatic conditions (Luvisol, Cambisol). The following crops were rotated within the trial: potatoes- winter wheat-spring barley. All three crops were grown each year. The trial comprised 6 treatments: (1) no fertilization; (2) farmyard manure; (3) half dose of farmyard manure + nitrogen (N) in mineral nitrogen fertilizers; (4) mineral nitrogen fertilizers; (5) NPK in mineral fertilizers; (6) straw of spring barley + N in mineral nitrogen fertilizers. The recovery rate of potassium from farmyard manure by crops was 24–26%, from mineral fertilizers it was 27–52%. Different fertilization intensities were manifested by significant differences in the content of exchangeable K in soil. Changes in non-exchangeable K (Kne) were recorded only at the Luvisol site (850 mg Kne/kg), but not at the Cambisol site (3000 mg Kne/kg). The maximum negative balance (–2376 kg K/ha/21 years) was recorded at the mineral nitrogen fertilization treatment.

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Agroecological optimization of the technology for growing spring barley in the Penza region using the DSS

АгроЭкоИнфо ◽

10.51419/20214422 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (46) ◽

pp. 22-22

Author(s):

Alexander Saakian ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Spring Barley ◽

Calculated Data ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Research Area ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Complete Set ◽

Actual Yield ◽

Program Modules

Abstract The article presents the results of modeling the cultivation of barley on leached chernozems of the Penza region. In order to conduct modeling, the Decision Support System (DSS) for agroecological optimization of adaptive farming systems was modernized. The adaptation of the program modules to the climatic and soil conditions of a particular research area allowed us to reach 7% of the error when modeling the cultivation of agricultural crops in the presence of a complete set of indicators necessary for building the model. Technological calculations of the model made it possible to reduce the number of minimum necessary technological operations, as well as rationally distribute the application of mineral fertilizers for the planned yield. The economic calculations of the model allowed us to achieve a high profitability of production of 66±7%. The constructed model was tested at the experimental field in 2020. Practical verification showed the possibility of using the model in agricultural production under normal climatic conditions and its high correlation with the actual results obtained. Statistical analysis of the calculated data of the model and the actual yield with the achieved economic indicators in the conditions of the model field showed the level of reliability of calculations of 95%. Keywords: AGROECOLOGICAL OPTIMIZATION, AGROECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT, AGROECOLOGICAL MODELING

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Mineral and organic fertilization efficiency in long-term stationary experiments

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/200/2009-pse ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 28-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

J. Černý ◽

J. Balík ◽

M. Kulhánek ◽

K. Čásová K ◽

V. Nedvěd

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Natural Soil ◽

Average Yield ◽

Organic Fertilization

In long-term stationary experiments under different soil-climatic conditions, an influence of mineral and organic fertilization on yield of winter wheat, spring barley and potato tubers was evaluated. Statistically significantly lowest grain yields of winter wheat (4.00 t/ha) and spring barley (2.81 t/ha) were obtained in non-fertilized plots at all experimental sites. In the case of potatoes, the lowest yield of dry matter (5.71 t/ha) was recorded in the control plot, but the result was not statistically significant. The manure-fertilized plot gave the average yield of wheat higher by 30%, of barley by 22%. Application of sewage sludge resulted in wheat yield higher by 41% and barley yield higher by 26% over control. On average, application of sewage sludge and manure increased the yield of potatoes by 30% over control. The highest yield was obtained after application of mineral fertilizers; average yield increased by 59, 50 and 36% in winter wheat, spring barley and potatoes, respectively. No statistically significant differences among the plots with mineral fertilizers were observed. At different sites, the yield of studied crops varied; however, the effect of fertilization on yield increments was similar at all experimental sites except for Lukavec. It is the site with the lowest natural soil fertility, and it showed the highest effect of the applied fertilizers.

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Nitrogen use efficiency, economic return and yield performance of Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] as influenced by nipping and fertility levels

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4062 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

A.K. Dhaka ◽

Satish Kumar ◽

Bhagat Singh ◽

Karmal Singh ◽

Amit Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

N Uptake ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

N Balance ◽

Flower Initiation ◽

Recovery Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Total N ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Use Efficiency

An experiment was conducted to study nitrogen use efficiency in pigeonpea at Research farm, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India having three nipping treatments (no nipping, nipping at just start of branching and nipping at flower initiation) and five fertility levels (control, 20 kg N + 40 kg P2O5/ha, 30 kg N + 40 kg P2O5 /ha, 40 kg N + 40 kg P2O5/ha and 20 kg N + 40 kg P2O5/ha + foliar spray of 2% N immediately after nipping) replicated thrice in split plot design during growing seasons of 2016 and 2017. Nipping at start of branching reduced the plant height, while increased primary and secondary branches, pods/plant and yield over no nipping. Significantly higher total N uptake, protein content, net return, B: C, agronomical NUE, physiologic NUE, agro-physiologic NUE, apparent recovery efficiency, utilization efficiency of N and partial N balance were improved with nipping at start of branching. Among fertility levels, 40 kg N + 40 kg P2O5 / ha recorded significantly higher yield attributes with 39.7 per cent higher seed yield over control. Significantly higher agronomic NUE, physiologic NUE, agro-physiological NUE, apparent recovery efficiency, utilization efficiency of N, partial N balance and NER were recorded with 20 kg/ha as compared to higher nitrogen doses.

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SPRING BARLEY - MAIN FEED CROP OF THE REPUBLIC OF MARI EL

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/19301 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 22-26

Author(s):

Золоторева ◽

Rimma Zolotoreva ◽

Виноградов ◽

Georgiy Vinogradov ◽

Максимов ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

The Republic ◽

Feed Crop

The article discusses the influence of mineral fertilizers on formation of productivity and grain quality of different spring barley types in the soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Mari El. Research has established, that the application of mineral fertilizers for spring barley in doses of N60P60K60 and N90P60K60 increases the crude protein content in the grain and increase harvesting of feed units per unit of cultivated area.

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The Effect of Soil-Climate Conditions, Farmyard Manure and Mineral Fertilizers on Potato Yield and Soil Chemical Parameters

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10112473 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2473

Author(s):

Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽

Ladislav Menšík ◽

Eva Kunzová

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Mineral N ◽

Maize Production ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Production Area ◽

Soil Climate

If available to farmers, potatoes represent a crop classically fertilized with farmyard manure in the Czech Republic. At the same time, potatoes are a crop sensitive to soil–climate conditions. We evaluated the effect of cattle manure (FYM), manure and mineral nitrogen (FYM + N1, FYM + N2), manure and mineral fertilizers (FYM + N1PK, FYM + N2PK, FYM + N3PK) application and the effect of three soil-climatic conditions (Caslav—maize production area with degraded Chernozem, Ivanovice—maize production area with Chernozem, Lukavec—potatoes production area with Cambisol) over four years (2016–2019) on potatoes yield and soil chemical properties. Of all the factors, yields were most affected by location. Lukavec provided the highest average yields (37.2 t ha−1), followed by Ivanovice (23.5 t ha−1) and Caslav (15.5 t ha−1). The second most important factor was the climatic conditions of the year. Fertilization was the third most important parameter. FYM significantly increased yields compared to Control, but applied alone cannot cover the needs of potatoes. Similarly, the application of FYM and N increases yields, but for the highest yields, it is best to apply FYM + NPK (80 kg ha−1 N). Co-application of FYM and mineral N fertilizers mitigates the negative impact of mineral N on soil pH.

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Agroecological modeling of spring barley cultivation technology in the conditions of the Penza region

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213700065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 00065

Author(s):

Аleksey Buzylev ◽

Mariya Tihonova ◽

Evgeniy Taller ◽

Ivan Vasenev

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Calculated Data ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Software Modules ◽

Cultivation Technology ◽

High Production ◽

Actual Yield

The article presents the results of modeling the cultivation of barley of the Eifel variety on leached chernozems of the Bashmakovsky district of the Penza region. In order to carry out modeling, the framework Local information and reference system for the optimization of land use was deeply adapted. The adaptation of the software modules to the climatic and soil conditions of a particular study area allowed one to reach 7% errors in modeling the cultivation of agricultural crops in the presence of a set of indicators necessary for constructing a model. Technological calculations of the model made it possible to reduce the number of minimum required technological operations, as well as to rationally distribute the application of mineral fertilizers for the planned yield. The economic calculations of the model made it possible to achieve a high production profitability of 66 ± 7%. The constructed model was tested on the experimental field of «Bashmakovskiy khleb» JSC in 2020. Practical verification has shown the possibility of using the model in agricultural production under normal climatic conditions and its high correlation with the actual results obtained [1]. Statistical analysis of the calculated data of the model and the actual yield with the achieved economic indicators in the conditions of the model field showed a level of reliability of calculations of 95%.

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Agrophysical properties of soil and yield of spring barley for various predecessors and mineral fertilizers in the Central Black Earth Region

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/845/1/012053 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 845 (1) ◽

pp. 012053

Author(s):

S N Ermolaev ◽

S I Smurov ◽

O V Grigorov ◽

V N Naumkin ◽

L A Naumkina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Typical Chernozem ◽

Critical Phases ◽

Aggregate Composition

Abstract The research is devoted to the study of the influence of precursors and mineral fertilizers, applied in various doses, on the agrophysical properties of the soil, the value of the grain yield of spring barley in the soil and climatic conditions of the Central Black Earth region. The field experiment was based on the long-term hospital of Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V. Ya. Gorin. As an object, the variety of spring barley Knyazhich, recommended for the region, was chosen. The soil of the experimental plot is typical chernozem, medium loamy granulometric composition on loess-like loam. The experiment scheme (4×4) provided for the study of four gradations of factor A (predecessors: corn for grain - control, sunflower, sugar beet, soybeans) and factor B (doses of mineral fertilizers: N10P10K10 - control, N30P30K30, N50P50K50, N70P70K70). Growth and development of spring barley plants in 2018-2020 took place in meteorological conditions characterized as arid with a predominance of elevated temperatures and insufficient precipitation during the critical phases of plant vegetation. The results of field experiments established that the water and agrophysical properties (density and structural-aggregate composition) of the soil under the influence of previous crops approached the optimal values and changed insignificantly. Increased doses of mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the value of the yield of barley grain according to the studied predecessors. The highest grain yield over the years of research was obtained at high N50P50K50 and intensive N70P70K70 backgrounds for the predecessors of soybeans and sugar beets and amounted to 5.48 and 5.03 t/ha and 5.33 and 5.32 t/ha, respectively. This was higher than the control of corn for grain 0.82 and 0.37 t/ha and 0.62 and 0.61 t/ha, while for sunflower it decreased to 4.06 and 4.71 t/ha and was at the level with the control.

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FOLIAR FEEDING AS A FACTOR IN INCREASING THE LEVEL OF GRAIN PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING BARLEY

Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.37128/2707-5826-2020-2-20 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 223-234

Author(s):

Valentyna Tynko

Keyword(s):

Spring Barley ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Row Crops ◽

Biological Products ◽

The Right

The article presents the results of spring barley crops and the effect of foliar fertilization on them. Prospects and effectiveness of biological products as a basic fertilizer for cereals. Spring barley is a valuable food, fodder and technical crop. Pearl barley and barley groats are made from vitreous and coarse-grained two-row barley grain. Most barley is used for feed purposes. In 1 kg. grain contains 1.2 feed units and 100 g of digestible protein. Spring barley contains a lot of protein (9-12%), carbohydrates (70-75%), pentazoles (7-11%), sucrose (1.7-2%), fiber (3.8-5.5%), fat (1.6-2%), ash (2-3%). Spring barley grain is characterized by high nutritional value and is widely used in feed production, confectionery, brewing. However, in the dynamics of its yield there are significant fluctuations, which is associated with both agro-climatic conditions and organizational and economic. Having a short growing season, underdeveloped root system, the culture is quite demanding on the provision of basic factors of plant life, including nutrients. The system of fertilization of spring barley is determined primarily by predecessors. It has a valuable ability to make the best use of the aftereffects of organic and mineral fertilizers applied to the previous crop. If spring barley is sown after well-fertilized row crops (sugar beet, potatoes), under which 40-50 t / ha of manure and mineral fertilizers are applied within N80P80K80 - N120P120K120, then fertilizers are not applied directly under barley at all. Against this background, barley with proper care can form 40-50 kg / ha of grain. It is clear that in case of incomplete supply of sugar beets or potatoes with fertilizers, barley will require additional application of macronutrients. Barley responds very well to fertilizer application, especially in conditions of sufficient moisture. The increase in yield from mineral fertilizers can reach 15-20 kg / ha. To prevent lodging of plants, it is necessary to ensure the correct ratio of nutrients - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Given the condition of the soil cover and low volumes of fertilizer application, we consider the issues of optimization of mineral nutrition of spring barley to be relevant and in need of refinement. An important component of the plant nutrition system is the use of microfertilizers. Therefore, the purpose of our research is to establish the reaction of spring barley to the complex use of microfertilizers, crop formation and grain quality in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine [3] Key words: spring barley, foliar feeding, biological products.

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Differences in soil sulfur fractions due to limitation of atmospheric deposition

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/101/2009-pse ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 8) ◽

pp. 344-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J. Balík ◽

M. Kulhánek ◽

J. Černý ◽

J. Száková ◽

D. Pavlíková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Organic S ◽

Soil Sulfur ◽

Term Field

The aim of this work was to estimate the changes in contents of different sulfur (S) fractions in soils under conditions of lowering inputs of S from emissions together with the influence of application of manure and mineral fertilizers. Soil samples from long-term field experiments were used for this purpose. The samples were taken from 10 sites from precise long-term field experiments with different soil-climatic conditions in the Czech Republic. The samples were analyzed using the following fractionation: (i) water soluble S (H2O extracts), (ii) sorbed S (0.032M NaH2PO4 extracts) and (iii) S occluded with carbonates (1M HCl extract). Furthermore, the concentration of total S (Stot) and organic S (Sorg) was determined. Soil samples were taken in the years 1981 and 2007. During 26 years a decrease of Stot by about 3–8%, water soluble S by 65–68% and sorbed S by 39–44% were observed in the topsoil of the evaluated soils. Furthermore, a low increase in the content of organic S was observed. The estimated ratio of Sorg reached 78.7–80.9% from Stot in the year 1981 and 87.7–89.8% in 2007. Farmyard manure (40 t/ha) applied every 4 years did not have a significant influence on S fractions and Stot contents in soils; intensive S fertilizing increased Stot and mobile S forms contents in soils. Very close correlations were obtained especially between Stot and water soluble S and organic S.

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