scholarly journals The Effect of Soil-Climate Conditions, Farmyard Manure and Mineral Fertilizers on Potato Yield and Soil Chemical Parameters

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2473
Author(s):  
Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽  
Ladislav Menšík ◽  
Eva Kunzová
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Soil Climate

If available to farmers, potatoes represent a crop classically fertilized with farmyard manure in the Czech Republic. At the same time, potatoes are a crop sensitive to soil–climate conditions. We evaluated the effect of cattle manure (FYM), manure and mineral nitrogen (FYM + N1, FYM + N2), manure and mineral fertilizers (FYM + N1PK, FYM + N2PK, FYM + N3PK) application and the effect of three soil-climatic conditions (Caslav—maize production area with degraded Chernozem, Ivanovice—maize production area with Chernozem, Lukavec—potatoes production area with Cambisol) over four years (2016–2019) on potatoes yield and soil chemical properties. Of all the factors, yields were most affected by location. Lukavec provided the highest average yields (37.2 t ha−1), followed by Ivanovice (23.5 t ha−1) and Caslav (15.5 t ha−1). The second most important factor was the climatic conditions of the year. Fertilization was the third most important parameter. FYM significantly increased yields compared to Control, but applied alone cannot cover the needs of potatoes. Similarly, the application of FYM and N increases yields, but for the highest yields, it is best to apply FYM + NPK (80 kg ha−1 N). Co-application of FYM and mineral N fertilizers mitigates the negative impact of mineral N on soil pH.

scholarly journals Microbial, physical and chemical properties of irrigation water in rice fields of Southern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 361-375
Author(s):  
MARIA HELENA L.R. RECHE ◽  
VILMAR MACHADO ◽  
DANILO A. SAUL ◽  
VERA R.M. MACEDO ◽  
ELIO MARCOLIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Soil Climate

ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of the statistical analysis of microbiological, physical and chemical parameters related to the quality of the water used in rice fields in Southern Brazil. Data were collected during three consecutive crop years, within structure of a comprehensive monitoring program. The indicators used were: potential hydrogen, electrical conductivity, turbidity, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, total and fecal coliforms. Principal Component and Discriminant Analysis showed consistent differences between the water irrigation and drainage, as the temporal variation demonstrated a clear reduction in the concentration of most of the variables analyzed. The pattern of this reduction is not the same in the two regions - that is, the importance of each of the different variables in the observed differentiation is modified in two locations. These results suggested that the variations in the water quality utilized for rice irrigation was influenced by certain specific aspects of each rice region in South Brazilian - such as anthropic action or soil/climate conditions in each hydrographic basin.

scholarly journals Sites Availability for Minimalizing and Soil-Conservation Tillage of Soils in Slovakia

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Vilček ◽  
Karol Kováč
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Production Area

Sites Availability for Minimalizing and Soil-Conservation Tillage of Soils in SlovakiaThere is an alternative technology of traditional agricultural soil processing, so called minimalizing cultivation, which is based on reduction of some operating processes used in common. It is possible to perform this technology only in particular soil conditions. Total land area of sites, which are avail-able for the application of minimalizing cultivation is about 693 thousand hectares, which presents approximately 28% of agricultural and 48% of arable soils. 60% of this land area occurs in the maize production area and 39% in the sugar beet production area, thus in the most favourable agricultural local-ities regarding climate and soil. According to the administrative structuring of Slovakia 43% of agricultural soils suitable for minimalizing technologies occurs in Nitra district and about 27% in Trnava district. Identification of areas, suitable for such technologies application, is possible by the information databases of Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute, which have been elaborated for this purpose in geographic and informative systems. Regarding input parameters, they were chosen as follows: climatic conditions of given locality, steepness, depth, stoniness and soil texture.

scholarly journals Balance of potassium in two long-term field experiments with different fertilization treatments

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Balík ◽  
Jindřich Černý ◽  
Martin Kulhánek ◽  
Ondřej Sedlář ◽  
Pavel Suran
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Negative Balance

Balance of potassium (K) was observed in long-term stationary field experiments (21 years) at two sites with different soil and climatic conditions (Luvisol, Cambisol). The following crops were rotated within the trial: potatoes- winter wheat-spring barley. All three crops were grown each year. The trial comprised 6 treatments: (1) no fertilization; (2) farmyard manure; (3) half dose of farmyard manure + nitrogen (N) in mineral nitrogen fertilizers; (4) mineral nitrogen fertilizers; (5) NPK in mineral fertilizers; (6) straw of spring barley + N in mineral nitrogen fertilizers. The recovery rate of potassium from farmyard manure by crops was 24–26%, from mineral fertilizers it was 27–52%. Different fertilization intensities were manifested by significant differences in the content of exchangeable K in soil. Changes in non-exchangeable K (K<sub>ne</sub>) were recorded only at the Luvisol site (850 mg K<sub>ne</sub>/kg), but not at the Cambisol site (3000 mg K<sub>ne</sub>/kg). The maximum negative balance (–2376 kg K/ha/21 years) was recorded at the mineral nitrogen fertilization treatment.

scholarly journals Introduction of ginger (zingiber officinale) plant in surkhandaryo soil-climate conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 316-318
Author(s):  
Kadirova Dilbar Normuminovna ◽  
Abdullayeva Gulnoza Komiljonovna
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Soil Climate ◽  
Selection Of

To observe the growth and development of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in the soil-climatic conditions of Termez district of Surkhandarya region and to conduct research and experiments on the plant to study the effects of environmental factors on the plant. Selection of experimental options and observations. Under the influence of external environmental factors, the plant sprouts at different times. The medicinal properties of the plant are also being studied in the literature.

scholarly journals Relating farmers’ perceptions to long term dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.) production: The production of improved maize is coming to a standstill in central Malawi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrington Nyirenda ◽  
Wantwa Mwangomba ◽  
Ellen M. Nyirenda
Keyword(s):  
Maize Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Production Trend ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Hybrid Maize

AbstractMaize production, area and yield dynamics were assessed based on farmer perceptions and production data from 2004/05-2018/19 using 36 000 households in Salima, central Malawi. The results showed that farmers used 16, six and two varieties for hybrid, Open-pollinated varieties (OPV) and local maize respectively. Farmers sourced Hybrid and OPV maize seed from Private Agro dealers while local maize was own-sourced. Farmers preferred local maize for being cheap, good taste, low storage costs, and pest resistance although low yielding. They preferred hybrid and OPV maize for high yielding and early maturity despite demanding high storage costs, pest susceptibility, and low flour. From 2004/05-2018/19, the area under local and OPV maize reduced by 61% and 12% respectively, while that of hybrid maize increased by 49%. However, the consistent decrease in area for hybrid and OPV and significant increase of that of local maize from 2014/15-2018/19 may signal a catastrophic maize production in the region. From 2019/20-2025/26 production of all maize was projected at 44 172 tons by 2025/26, representing a 1.6% increase from the base year 2019/20. This increase will be due to favorable climatic conditions and not increase in area or yield. If maize yield was improved by 30% production would increase to 110 430 tons representing 67% of the food requirement in the study area. The current maize production trend in Salima does not guarantee food security prospects. Therefore, policymakers should consider reviewing the past interventions (input pricing, promotion strategies, sustainable practices, policies) in the maize subsector to enhance maize productivity.

Long-term effect of organic amendments, mineral fertilizers and combinations thereof,  on plant yield, soil physic-chemical and microbiological properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Kurzemann ◽  
Ulrich Plieger ◽  
Maraike Probst ◽  
Heide Spiegel ◽  
Taru Sandén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Physico Chemical

&lt;p&gt;The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of mineral fertilizer, different composts and combinations of compost/fertilizer as soil amendments on a loamy silt Cambisol after a 27-year field trial. Four different composts were used: urban organic waste (OWC), green waste (GC), farmyard manure (MC) and sewage sludge compost (SSC). In addition to plant growth, (physico-)chemical and microbiological changes in soil properties following amendment were analysed: total organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen (N), soil pH, water holding capacity (WHC), basal respiration (BR), microbial biomass (C&lt;sub&gt;mic&lt;/sub&gt;) and microbial community composition. Fertilization promoted plant growth, when SSC or GC in addition with mineral fertilizer were applied compared to control. Concerning the (physico-) chemical properties only minor differences among the treatments were found. Phosphorus concentrations were three times higher in plots receiving SSC and SSC + N&amp;#160; than control or mineral N fertilizer alone and magnesium concentrations in plots treated with SSC were lower compared to soils treated with GC and MC, respectively. The bacterial community exceeded the fungal one in terms of both richness and diversity. Further, bacterial richness, diversity and community composition differed significantly among the treatments, whereas differences in fungal richness, diversity and composition seemed negligible. Our conclusion is that composts produced from various source materials serve as a valuable source for plant nutrients and can partially substitute mineral fertilizers, modulate soil microbial community and increase fertility. This way, they contribute to the mitigation of climate change.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Nitrogen efficiency of spring barley in long-term experiment

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Shejbalová ◽  
J. Černý ◽  
F. Vašák ◽  
M. Kulhánek ◽  
J. Balík
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
N Balance ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to evaluate nitrogen (N) efficiency from different organic and mineral fertilizers applied to the spring barley. Dry matter yield, N content and N uptake of spring barley from 16 years of experiments at two sites in the Czech Republic with different soil and climatic conditions were analyzed. For assessing of nitrogen efficiency nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE, kg/kg), recovery efficiency of applied N (%), agronomic efficiency of applied N (kg/kg) and summary N balances (&Sigma;&Delta;N, kg/ha) were observed. Six fertilization treatments were utilized: no fertilization (control); sewage sludge; farmyard manure (FYM); N in mineral fertilizers (N); NPK in mineral fertilizers (NPK) and N in mineral fertilizers + straw (N + ST). Yields were about 68% higher at NPK (S1 site) and 55% at N + ST (S2 site) in comparison with control. The highest NUtE was recorded at both locations after application of FYM. Higher NUtE from mineral fertilizers was obtained at low productive S1 site. At both sites a trend of decreasing &Sigma;&Delta;N over time was observed. At both sites a trend of decreasing negative N balance was observed. At lower productive site the decline of N balance was minimized for mineral fertilizers treatments in last experimental years. At higher productive site the differences between treatments with mineral nitrogen and control were lower and the decline of N balance continued over all 16 years of experiment duration.

scholarly journals Soil Respiration under 90 Year-Old Rye Monoculture and Crop Rotation in the Climate Conditions of Central Poland

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sosulski ◽  
Magdalena Szymańska ◽  
Ewa Szara ◽  
Piotr Sulewski
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Central Poland

This study, aimed at assessing the rate of soil respiration under different crop rotation and fertilization conditions, was carried out on long-term (since 1923) experimental plots with rye monoculture and 5-crop rotation in Skierniewice (Central Poland). The treatments included mineral-organic (CaNPK+M) and organic (Ca+M) fertilization (where M is farmyard manure). Soil respiration was measured in situ by means of infrared spectroscopy using a portable FTIR spectrometer Alpha. CO2 fluxes from CaNPK+M-treated soils under cereals cultivated in monoculture and crop rotations were not statically different. Respiration of soil under lupine cultivated in crop rotation was higher than under cereals. N-fertilization and its succeeding effect increased soil respiration, and significantly altered its distribution over the growing season. Our results indicate that in the climatic conditions of Central Europe, respiration of sandy soils is more dependent on the crop species and fertilization than on the crop rotation system. Omission of mineral fertilization significantly decreases soil respiration. The CO2 fluxes were positively correlated with soil temperature, air temperature, and soil content of NO3− and NH4+.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF NATURAL FACTORS ON HUMAN HEALTH IN AREAS OF THE FAR NORTH

2017 ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
S. V. Vorobjeva ◽  
L. A. Kazantseva ◽  
V. O. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Far North ◽  
Natural Factors

Not only climatic conditions exert a negative impact on human health, but also the environment, on which the industrial enterprises, excessive use of mineral fertilizers, motor transport impose the negative impact. Intensive rates of degradation of the environment create real threat to human existence. This problem in areas of the Far North is especially strongly expressed.

scholarly journals How Mineral Fertilization and Soil–Climate Conditions Affect Spring Barley Grain Yield and Soil Chemical Properties

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1843
Author(s):  
Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽  
Kateřina Křížová ◽  
Ladislav Menšík ◽  
Eva Kunzová
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Soil Depletion ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Soil Climate

Barley is one of the most important cereals growing in the Czech Republic. In this paper, we have evaluated how different fertilizer treatments (Control, N1 – 30 kg ha−1 N, N2 – 60 kg ha−1 N, NPK1 – 30, 60, 80 kg ha−1, respectively, NPK2 – 60, 60, 80, and NPK3 – 90, 60, 80) affected spring barley grain yield under different soil–climate conditions (Caslav–degraded Chernozem, Ivanovice–Chernozem, Lukavec–Cambisol) between the years 2013 and 2016. The agronomic efficiency (AE) and the effect of the fertilizer treatments (Control, N2, NPK2) on soil properties (pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cox, Nt) were also evaluated. The spring barley grain yield was significantly affected by the fertilizer treatment and soil–climate conditions. Two different models (quadratic and linear-plateau) provided the maximum and reasonable doses of N, according to the soil–climate conditions. Application of mineral P and K slightly increased the AE. The regular application of mineral P and K fertilizers led to an increase in the P and K concentration in the soil, which maintains soil fertility and prevents soil depletion.

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