scholarly journals Inactivation of mesophilic bacteria in milk by means of high intensity ultrasound using response surface methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Herceg ◽  
E. Juraga ◽  
B. Sobota-Šalamon ◽  
A. Režek-Jambrak
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Statistical Experimental Design ◽  
High Intensity Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasonic Probe ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Higher Temperature

High-intensity ultrasound was used to investigate the inactivation of microorganisms in raw bovine milk. Raw bovine milk with 4% of milk fat was treated with ultrasonic probe that was 12 mm in diameter and with 20 kHz frequency immerged in milk directly. In the ultrasound treatment, three parameters were varied according to the statistical experimental design. The centre composite design was used to design and optimise the experimental parameters: temperature (20, 40, and 60°C), amplitude (120, 90, and 60 µm), and time (6, 9, and 12 min). All analyses were performed immediately after sonication and after 3 days and 5 days of storage under refrigeration at 4°C. The factors that seem to affect substantially the inactivation of microorganisms in using ultrasound are the amplitude of the ultrasonic waves, the exposure/contact time with the microorganisms, and the temperature of the treatment. The results achieved indicate a significant inactivation of microorganisms under longer periods of the treatment with ultrasonic probe, particularly in combination of higher temperature and amplitude. The output optimal value of total bacteria count was defined by Statgraphics where the lowest bacteria count was 3.688 log CFU/ml for the following specific ultrasound parameters: amplitude 120 μm, treatment time 9.84 min, and temperature 45.34°C.  

Degradation of parathion methyl in bovine milk by high-intensity ultrasound: Degradation kinetics, products and their corresponding toxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 127103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaofeng Yuan ◽  
Changjian Li ◽  
Yichi Zhang ◽  
Hang Yu ◽  
Yunfei Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
High Intensity Ultrasound

Application of High Intensity Ultrasound to Accelerate Crystallization of Anhydrous Milk Fat and Rapeseed Oil Blends

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 1800200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Beyer Gregersen ◽  
Rikke Ploug Frydenberg ◽  
Marianne Hammershøj ◽  
Trine Kastrup Dalsgaard ◽  
Ulf Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
High Intensity Ultrasound ◽  
Anhydrous Milk Fat ◽  
Oil Blends

scholarly journals Bovine Milk-Derived Emulsifiers Increase Triglyceride Absorption in Newborn Formula-Fed Pigs

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Bach Korsholm Knudsen ◽  
Christine Heerup ◽  
Tine Røngaard Stange Jensen ◽  
Xiaolu Geng ◽  
Nikolaj Drachmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Lipid Digestion ◽  
Soy Lecithin ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Milk Fat Globule Membranes

Efficient lipid digestion in formula-fed infants is required to ensure the availability of fatty acids for normal organ development. Previous studies suggest that the efficiency of lipid digestion may depend on whether lipids are emulsified with soy lecithin or fractions derived from bovine milk. This study, therefore, aimed to determine whether emulsification with bovine milk-derived emulsifiers or soy lecithin (SL) influenced lipid digestion in vitro and in vivo. Lipid digestibility was determined in vitro in oil-in-water emulsions using four different milk-derived emulsifiers or SL, and the ultrastructural appearance of the emulsions was assessed using electron microscopy. Subsequently, selected emulsions were added to a base diet and fed to preterm neonatal piglets. Initially, preterm pigs equipped with an ileostomy were fed experimental formulas for seven days and stoma output was collected quantitatively. Next, lipid absorption kinetics was studied in preterm pigs given pure emulsions. Finally, complete formulas with different emulsions were fed for four days, and the post-bolus plasma triglyceride level was determined. Milk-derived emulsifiers (containing protein and phospholipids from milk fat globule membranes and extracellular vesicles) showed increased effects on fat digestion compared to SL in an in vitro digestion model. Further, milk-derived emulsifiers significantly increased the digestion of triglyceride in the preterm piglet model compared with SL. Ultra-structural images indicated a more regular and smooth surface of fat droplets emulsified with milk-derived emulsifiers relative to SL. We conclude that, relative to SL, milk-derived emulsifiers lead to a different surface ultrastructure on the lipid droplets, and increase lipid digestion.

scholarly journals Non pharmacological high-intensity ultrasound treatment of human dermal fibroblasts to accelerate wound healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Yu Lee ◽  
Dae-Jin Min ◽  
Wanil Kim ◽  
Bum-Ho Bin ◽  
Kyuhan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Ultrasound Treatment ◽  
Type I ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Intensity Ultrasound ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components

AbstractInspired by the effectiveness of low-intensity ultrasound on tissue regeneration, we investigated the potential effect of short-term high-intensity ultrasound treatment for acceleration of wound healing in an in vitro wound model and dermal equivalent, both comprising human dermal fibroblasts. Short-term ultrasound of various amplitudes significantly increased the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and subsequently increased the production of the extracellular matrix components fibronectin and collagen type I, both of which are important for wound healing and are secreted by fibroblasts. In addition, ultrasound treatment increased the contraction of a fibroblast-embedded three-dimensional collagen matrix, and the effect was synergistically increased in the presence of TGF-β. RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed changes in gene expression and p38 and ERK1/2 MAPK pathway activation in the ultrasound-stimulated fibroblasts. Our findings suggest that ultrasound as a mechanical stimulus can activate human dermal fibroblasts. Therefore, the activation of fibroblasts using ultrasound may improve the healing of various types of wounds and increase skin regeneration.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Prediction in Bovine Milk by Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy after Solvent-Free Lipid Separation

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1054
Author(s):  
Christopher Akhgar ◽  
Vanessa Nürnberger ◽  
Marlene Nadvornik ◽  
Margit Velik ◽  
Andreas Schwaighofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

In the present study, a novel approach for mid-infrared (IR)-based prediction of bovine milk fatty acid composition is introduced. A rapid, solvent-free, two-step centrifugation method was applied in order to obtain representative milk fat fractions. IR spectra of pure milk lipids were recorded with attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) spectroscopy. Comparison to the IR transmission spectra of whole milk revealed a higher amount of significant spectral information for fatty acid analysis. Partial least squares (PLS) regression models were calculated to relate the IR spectra to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) reference values, providing particularly good predictions for fatty acid sum parameters as well as for the following individual fatty acids: C10:0 (R2P = 0.99), C12:0 (R2P = 0.97), C14:0 (R2P = 0.88), C16:0 (R2P = 0.81), C18:0 (R2P = 0.93), and C18:1cis (R2P = 0.95). The IR wavenumber ranges for the individual regression models were optimized and validated by calculation of the PLS selectivity ratio. Based on a set of 45 milk samples, the obtained PLS figures of merit are significantly better than those reported in literature using whole milk transmission spectra and larger datasets. In this context, direct IR measurement of the milk fat fraction inherently eliminates covariation structures between fatty acids and total fat content, which poses a common problem in IR-based milk fat profiling. The combination of solvent-free lipid separation and ATR-FT-IR spectroscopy represents a novel approach for fast fatty acid prediction, with the potential for high-throughput application in routine lab operation.

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