RIVALRY BETWEEN KUMYK AND KABARDIAN FEUDALS FOR THE POLITICAL HEGEMONY IN THE NORTH-EAST CAUCASUS (Second Half of the 16th – First Half of the 18th Century)

2015 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Arsen Akbiev ◽  
◽  
Magomed-Pasha Abdusalamov
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Armenian Church of the Holy Mother of God in Chisinau

Arta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Sergius Ciocanu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Historic Monument ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Military ◽  
The City ◽  
The Temple

The documents attest the presence of an Armenian community in Chisinau since the ‘30s of the 18th century. In the 18th century, the Chisinau Armenians had a place of worship, located on the site of the present Armenian Church, in the “heart” of the city, on the first street parallel to the north-east side of the market square. In 1774, among the Chisinau Armenians, the priest Musuz was mentioned, who served in the Armenian Church. The temple was badly damaged by the fire that engulfed Chisinau during the military operations of 1788. The earthquake destroyed this place of worship on October 14, 1802. In 1803-1804, it was rebuilt in the same place. The construction manager and, possibly, the architect of the holy place, was master Vardan from Iaşi. According to the statistical documents of 1809, three priests and four deacons served in the Armenian church. The cemetery of Armenian community was located near the old Orthodox cemetery of the Mazarache church. However, some more important burials were also done in the churchyard of the Armenian church. During the XIX-XX centuries, the church underwent many alterations and renovations, which changed its appearance. In 1993, by the decision of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova, this valuable building of Chisinau was given the status of historic monument.

scholarly journals FAMILIA Y SOCIEDAD EN UN CONCEJO MARÍTIMO DEL NOROESTE PENINSULAR: EL MUNICIPIO ASTURIANO DE CARREÑO EN 1753

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia SUÁREZ ÁLVAREZ
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century

<p>RESUMEN: Durante el Antiguo Régimen, la geografía y climatología del Principado de Asturias hizo del mar su principal vía de comunicación. Junto con los grandes puertos de Gijón o Avilés coexistían otras poblaciones marítimas «menores» que compaginaban el aprovechamiento de los recursos que el mar les ofrecía con la agricultura. Este es el caso de la villa de Candás, capital del concejo de Carreño, que durante el siglo XVI destacó por ser un importante puerto de pesca ballenera, muy conocido en la Europa norteña. La industria de transformación de los productos piscícolas, que derivó en el siglo XIX en la creación de las fábricas conserveras, permitió al concejo cierta supervivencia autónoma respecto a las grandes entidades evitando la retracción demográfica y económica. Para aproximarnos a su historia, mostraremos «una fotografía» de un año concreto del siglo XVIII, 1752-53, y analizaremos la tipología familiar y profesional del concejo y su relación con los mecanismos económicos del territorio.</p><p>ABSTRACT: The region of Asturias, situated in the north east of the Iberian Peninsula, is administratively divided into 78 counties or municipalities, with the most highly populated of these being found on the coast. During the ancien régime, the geography and climatology of Asturias meant the sea was the main connection for the region. Foods such as cereals arrived at the ports in Gijón and Avilés which allowed for the demographic development of both these cities and other «smaller» seasisde towns ahead of the rest of the region. In central Asturias, many counties combined the resources that the sea had to offer with agriculture, turning their towns into satellites for the big ports. This is the case for Candás, the capital of the county Carreño, which was recognised as an important whaling port during the 16th century and was very wellknown in northern Europe. The industry of processing fishing products, which lead to the creation of canning factories in the 19th century, allowed the county a certain autonomous survival in comparison to larger councils, avoiding both demographic and economic decline. In the mid-18th century, the Ensenada cadastre gave a population of 985 which included surgeons, notaries, various landlords, an elementary school teacher, women who kneaded bread, farmworkers and many other professions related to the fishing industry and this study is vital in understanding the sociology of the municipality. In this paper, the aim is to provide a photograph of a specific year in the 18th century, 1752-53. We analysed the county´s family structures and labour patterns in this year and how it related to the economic mechanism in the region, drawing a comparison between the main rural zones and the urban centre.</p>

scholarly journals Nigerian Refugees in Cameroon: Understanding the Politics of Voluntary Refugee Repatriation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Ugo Igariwey Iduma ◽  
Musa Yahi Musa
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
The Political ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
National Emergency

The paper observes that the inability of the Nigerian government to defeat Boko Haram has created a stream of problems for Cameroon as the paper identifies some Boko Haram activities in Cameroon is prompting a premature repatriation of Nigerian refugees by the Cameroonian government. According to the National Emergency Agency reports in 2015 the Cameroonian government forcefully repatriated 3.500 Nigerian refugees, the report added that the refugees were not informed of their return and were transported like animals, and dropped at home in cruel conditions. The United Nations High Commission for Refugees (2004) explains that the premature repatriation of Nigerian refugee is a violation of the principle of non-refoulement as the condition in the North East is not conducive for the repatriation of Nigerian refugees. Thus, a tripartite agreement was reached between Nigeria, Cameroon, and UNHCR to ensure the safety and legality of the return of Nigerian refugees. The paper investigates the efforts of the Nigerian government towards the proper repatriation and reintegration of the refugees in safety and dignity. Using secondary data, the paper concluded that repatriation of the Nigerian refugees intended to address the humanitarian needs of the refugees is rather serving the political interest of various actor. The paper recommends a sustainable reintegration framework be established for the returnees. 

Anglo-Scottish Relations: A Borderland Perspective

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Tomaney
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Institutional Innovation ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
The Political ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
German Empire ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

This chapter points out that the Provinces of England begins by ‘rejecting the idea of an English parliament’ on the grounds that an English parliament would ‘dominate the federation in the manner that Prussia had dominated the German Empire before 1914’. It also charts the rise of regionalism in North-East England during the twentieth century. Additionally, it argues that after 1914 North-East voices were central to the promotion of regional concerns in England and played a pivotal role in the wider emergence of political regionalism. The political expression of regionalism shifted significantly during the twentieth century. C. B. Fawcett's essay was a distinctive (northern) English contribution to the debate about ‘Home Rule All Round’. It raises issues that had begun finally to be grappled with at the close of the twentieth century. The North-East became the archetypal ‘problem region’ and the focus of multiple ‘regional policies’ over the following decades. Moreover, the regionalism in the era of nationalisation is discussed. The particular identity of the region and the need for institutional innovation to address longstanding social and economic problems is then emphasized.

‘Abandon Hibernicisation’: priests, Ribbonmen and an Irish street fight in the north-east of England in 1858*

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (194) ◽  
pp. 557-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. MacRaild
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Political Involvement ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Political Expression ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Irish Migrants ◽  
Social Catholicism ◽  
The Church

Abstract This article seeks to contextualize a rare piece of evidence of the Catholic Church's attempts to control nationalist political expression among Irish migrants. The evidence, a letter from a priest to his bishop in Darlington, was generated by an investigation of a street riot in Sunderland in 1858. A detailed statement of such controlling influences is uncommon, even though historians have occasionally uncovered fleeting examples that are similar in nature. The discussion which follows seeks to fit this evidence, and its immediate context, into a wider historiography concerning the interplay of social Catholicism and the political involvement of Irish migrants. This document portrays the English priest as a kind of politico-religious policeman, and explains the lengths to which the Church was willing to go in ensuring that strict adherence to Catholic practice was not affected by the demands of clandestine political organizations. Although the events discussed here are very specific, in both period and place, the article seeks to contribute to an understanding of parish life where politics and faith became entwined.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF KEY POLITICAL RISK FACTORS INFLUENCING CORPORATE PERFORMANCE OF MULTINATIONAL CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN NORTH-EASTERN, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
O. J. Adebiyi ◽  
A. G. Sanni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Political Risk ◽  
The Political ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
International Construction ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
North Eastern

Multinational construction companies settled in African countries, especially Nigeria, to compete for infrastructural projects, in a bid to extend their services across their borders. The trans-border extension of the services offered by these multinationals exposes them to the political risk factors pertinent within the host-country. In order to survive the harsh realities of the political risk indicators operational in Nigeria, especially the North-eastern part of the country that has been plagued with civil unrest associated with the terrorist operations of Boko haram, it has become necessary to identify and manage these risk factors, to ensure the continuous survival of international construction companies in Nigeria. This paper seeks to identify and assess the prevalence of political risk factors influencing the corporate performance of international companies operating in the North-east of Nigeria. Data for the study was collected through structured questionnaires administered to 78 expatriate project managers from 6 international construction companies in 6 states in the North East of Nigeria. Collected data was analyzed using relative importance index and factor analysis. Findings revealed that terrorism, corruption, insurrections, sabotages and kidnapping were the top five risk factors with the highest frequency of occurrence. It was also revealed that terrorism, kidnappings, sabotages, corruption and change in government are the risk factors with the highest impact on operations in the region. It is therefore recommended that the federal, state and local governments should provide security for the lives, properties and investments in the region, companies should do more corporate social responsibilities and purchase political risk insurance cover to minimize their losses. Adebiyi, O. J. | Department of Quantity Surveying, University of Benin (UNIBEN), Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals MUTUAL RELATIONS OF COMMUNITIES OF SOUTH-WESTERN DAGESTAN WITH GEORGIA AND THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18th - EARLY 19th CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-204
Author(s):  
Ramazan S. Abdulmajidov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Divide And Conquer ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Empire

The present article reveals the history of relations between the south-western unions of communities of Dagestan and the Kingdom of Kakheti in the second half of the 18th - early 19th century. It is established that political and economic contacts between them, due to mutual cooperation, were generally of a peaceful and good-neighbourly nature. In the second half of the 18th century there was a significant strengthening of military-political and cultural ties between Georgia and Dagestan. The arrival of the Russian Empire in the Caucasus in the early 19th century not only shifted the balance of military and political forces in the region, but also radically changed the nature of trade and economic relations between Dagestan and Georgia. In this regard, the main attention is paid to the processes that began after the loss of Georgian statehood, when the border Dagestan communities tried to negotiate with the new authorities. Furthermore, the author reveals the policy of Dagestan feudal rulers, whom the unions of Dagestan communities saw as intermediaries in their relations with the Russian Empire. On the basis of numerous sources, both already published and identified by the author in the Central historical archive of Georgia, the article considers the most important events that took place in the region during the study period. According to the author, before the appointment of A. P. Ermolov to the Caucasus, St. Petersburg did not rush to assert its power there, content at first with "external signs of citizenship" of the highlanders. With the arrival of the latter, who pursued the policy on the well-known principle of "divide and conquer", the trade and economic blockade of the highlanders of Western Dagestan increased significantly, leading to their subsequent active participation in the people's liberation movement of the highlanders of the North-East Caucasus in the 20-50s' of the 19th century..

scholarly journals Regulatory function of spatial structure on Ujung Pancu area, Aceh

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
E Wulandari ◽  
Z Zahriah ◽  
Z Fuady ◽  
F Sabila
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Tsunami Disaster ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

Abstract Ujung Pancu is on the North coast of Aceh, known as one of three defense areas (Lhee Sagoe) during the Aceh Darussalam Kingdom, in 18-19 centuries guarding against enemy attacks from the sea, and the role of Hamzah Fansury in the 16-17 centuries. This area has destroyed when the tsunami disaster, causing some traces of the old city to be relatively lost but still can be traced. This paper aims to reconstruct and discuss the concept of Ujung Pancu spatial structure, especially Lam PageuVillage in the 18th century. It also will examine the approximate architecture of the Hamzah Fansury cultural site. This paper is considered essential as a historical study to bring back the experience of cultural sites as national personality assets under the UNESCO concept and has the opportunity to be a religious cultural tourism destination around Banda Aceh City, as well as being a location for religious relaxation in the face of the Covid 19 outbreak. This study uses exploration by exploring the potential of the natural environment and reconstructing the regional spatial organization system and spatial patterns. The results show that a) The area organizing system is very considerate of the coastal-bay-hills ecological aspect, with the orientation of the area towards the sea in the North-East, with the hills as natural fortresses in the West-Southern part, the three main spots are important areas with the system integrated location of each other; b) 3 important spots, namely: 1). the location of the cleric Hamzah Fansury’s hermitage on the hills, it is estimated that it also functions as a “reconnaissance” place; 2) Footprints of the harbor fort on the beach are inundated, 3) Coastal residential areas that are still ongoing today. The conclusion of the study, the regional spatial management system shows a spatial hierarchy based on security zones, the closer to the mountain the more private, and the closer to the beach the more common (profane). There is a synergy between the need to maintain regional space and natural character.

scholarly journals THE ORIGIN OF QUBA KHANS: NEW VERSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-148
Author(s):  
Bedirhan E. Eskenderov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Dynasty ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the origin of the rulers of the Quba Khanate, which was located in the North-East of the modern Azerbaijan Republic. A.-K. Bakikhanov in his work "Golestan-e Eram" states that the Quba khans were direct descendants of the yangikent line of the kaitag utsmi, to which the Quba khanate was handed over to the hereditary possession of the Shah of Persia. Basing on the book by Bakikhanov, a well-known scholar-caucasiologist A.P. Berzhe deduced the ancestry of the Quba khans with indication of dates of birth and death of members of their family.The application of the comparative method of studying the sources about the Quba khans and all the peripeteias of their appearance and rule reveals significant differences both in the history of their rule and in the dates of life and death of several members of the khan family with the data given by A. K. Bakikhanov and A.P. Berzhe.As a result of the critical analysis of the sources, it was possible to find out both the controversial nature of the circumstances of the appearance in the Quba territory described in Golestan-e Eram and the failure of Bakikhanov's theory on the continuous rule of a single dynasty in Quba until the elimination of the khanate by the Russian power in the 19th century. The study revealed that the Quba khanate was ruled not by one but by two dynasties. The first dynasty was of an unknown origin, possibly presented by the people from Kaitag utsmi's line. However, it was discontinued at the very beginning of the 18th century. The new dynasty was replaced by another one, the ancestor of which, according to legends, was a certain “Lezgi Ahmed”. The second dynasty ruled until the beginning of the 19th century, after which the khans' rule in Quba was over. Unfortunately, some of the issues of interest remain unanswered, as we could not find any information that sheds light on them.

scholarly journals MYKHAILO TYMOFIEIEV. SILHOUETTE OF A SECURITY GUARD AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE GREAT TERROR ERA

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
O. G. Bazhan ◽  
V. A. Zolotarov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Security ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Security Guard ◽  
Positive Assessment ◽  
Excellent Work ◽  
The Times ◽  
Operational Plan

Among the employees of the Soviet state security agencies, who at different times worked on the territory of modern Sumy region, the figure of MykhailoTymofieiev is prominent. He played an important role in the repressive measures by the Soviet authorities on the political grounds in the North-East of Ukraine. Being the Head of the Novhorod-Siverskyi district department of the DPU, Mykhailo Tymofieiev governed the elimination of anti-Soviet armed formations led by the Atamans Vashchenko and Rubliov-Chernov. During the Holodomor, as head of the Kharkiv Regional Department of the State Political Administration, M.Tymofieiev promoted the implementation of an operational plan of eliminating insurgent groups and organizations on the territory of Sumy region. For this activity he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. The period of his being the head of the Chernihiv Regional Directorate of the NKVD of 1934-1936 was marked by repressive actions against the Trotskyist supporters. Tymofieiev’s excellent work in Chernihiv received a positive assessment by the Ukrainian SSR Internal Affairs Commissar V.A. Balitskyi. Despite his close friendship with the disgraced chief of the GPU-NKVD of Ukraine, M. Tymofieiev managed to avoid repressions by the state security agencies at the times of the Great Terror. During the years 1937-1956 M.M. Tymofieiev held high positions in the system of the Main Department of Correctional Labour Camps. Key words: MykhailoTymofieiev, NKVD, political repressions, Bilomor-Baltic canal.

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