Biosynthesis of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate) by Cupriavidus necator B-10646 from Mixtures of Oleic Acid and 3-Hydroxyvalerate Precursors

Polyhydroxyalkanoates have attracted much attention as biodegradable alternative to petroleum-based synthetic plastics. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] copolymer is one of the best characterized PHA copolymers because of its high commercial potential. However, commercial use of PHAs has been limited by their high price. One approach to reducing the cost of PHA production is to use inexpensive carbon sources (fatty acids, plant oils, etc.). The aim of this work was to study synthesis of P(3HB-co-3HV) by the Cupriavidus necator B-10646 bacterium grown on oleic acid and different biochemical precursors of 3HV. Bacterial cells were grown for 72 h at 30°C and 200 rpm on an incubator shaker. Salts of propionic or valeric acids were used as precursors of 3HV. The content and the composition of the polymer were determined by gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters. Lipids and polymer were extracted from biomass using the method of Folch. The addition of potassium propionate and valerate did not inhibit bacterial growth and polymer synthesis, the cell concentration and polymer content reaching 9.3-9.5 g/L and 80-83%, respectively. The addition of potassium valerate or propionate led to the synthesis of (P(3HB-co-3HV)) copolymer containing 21.2 and 14.3 mol% of 3HV, respectively. The number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer synthesized by the bacterium on oleic acid alone was 220 kDa; the polydispersity of the polymer was 3.5. The polymer synthesized in the presence of potassium valerate and propionate was characterized by a lower Mn (156-178 kDa) and a higher polydispersity of the polymer (4.4-4.9). The main fatty acids (FA) of intracellular lipids were oleic (33.26% of the total FA) and palmitic acid (27.48% of the total FA). The addition of potassium propionate or valerate did not cause any significant changes in the composition of the FA of intracellular lipids of the strain studied. This study demonstrates the ability of C. necator B-10646 to synthesize P(3HB-co-3HV) from mixtures of oleic acid and 3HV precursors. The data obtained can be used to develop and implement an economically feasible process of the P(3HB-co-3HV) production

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Synthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Oleic Acid by Cupriavidus necator B-10646

Journal of Siberian Federal University Biology ◽

10.17516/1997-1389-0321 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 208-217

Author(s):

Natalia O. Zhila ◽

Galina S. Kalacheva ◽

Evgeniy G. Kiselev ◽

Tatiana G. Volova

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽

Cupriavidus Necator ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Acid Methyl

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are polymers of hydroxy derived fatty acids synthesized by various organisms. These polymers can be effectively used as a biocompatible and biodegradable alternative to the chemically synthesized plastic. PHA cost, however, still limits the increase in PHA production. One of the ways to reduce PHA cost is to use inexpensive carbon sources such as fatty acids. The aim of this work was to study the effect of various concentrations of oleic acid (5-50 g/L) on the growth of the Cupriavidus necator B-10646 bacterium, polymer synthesis and properties. Cells were grown for 48 h in Schlegel mineral medium at 30°C and 200 rpm on an incubator shaker. The content and the composition of the polymer were determined by chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters using a chromatographymass spectrometer. The molecular weight distribution of the polymer was determined using gel permeation chromatography. Thermal analysis was performed using a differential scanning calorimeter. The maximum yield of biomass (6.4-6.7 g/L) and the highest polymer content (64- 71% of the weight of dry biomass) were obtained from 10-20 g/L of oleic acid after 48 hours of cultivation. In addition to 3-hydroxybutyrate, which is the dominant monomer (more than 98 mol.%), 3-hydroxyvalerate (0.7-1.7 mol.%) and 3-hydroxyhexanoate (0.1-0.4 mol.%) were identified in the polymer synthesized by the bacterium. As the concentration of oleic acid was increased, both the weight average and the number average molecular weights decreased (from 803 to 381 kDa and from 292 to 94 kDa, respectively) but polydispersity of the polymers increased (from 2.8 to 4.1). The results obtained in the present study provide the basis for the next stage of scaling up the process of PHA synthesis from oleic acid

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CONTENT OF FATTY ACIDS IN CORN (ZEA MAYS L.) OIL FROM ECUADOR

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i8.18786 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 150 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carrillo W ◽

Carpio C ◽

Morales D ◽

Vilcacundo E ◽

Álvarez M ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Total Content ◽

Pressing Method ◽

A Value ◽

Omega 6

Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the fatty acids content in corn seeds oil (Zea mays) sample cultivated in Ecuador.Methods: Corn oil was obtained from corn oil seeds using the cold pressing method. Methyl esters fatty acids analysis were carried out using the gas chromatography (GC) method with a mass selective detector and using the database library NIST 14.L to identify the compounds present in the corn seed oil.Results: Methyl esters fatty acids were identified from corn (Z. mays) seeds using the GC mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analytical method. Fatty acids were analyzed as methyl esters on a capillary column DB-WAX 122-7062 with a good separation of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid, and linolenic acid. The structure of methyl esters fatty acids was determined using the GS-MS method. Corn oil has a high content of linoleic acid (omega 6) with a value of 52.68% of the total content of fatty acids in corn oil and 29.70% of oleic acid (omega 9) of the total content of fatty acids in corn oil. The sample presented a value of 12.57% of palmitic acid.Conclusions: Corn oil shows a good content of fatty acids omega 6 and 9. The higher value was of omega 6 with 52.68% content. Corn oil has a good proportion of polyunsaturated of lipids (53.80%) and 14.86% of saturated lipids.

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Chemical Composition of the Fatty Oils of the Seeds of Cleome Viscosa Accessions

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1200701029 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rashmi Kumari ◽

Gopal Rao Mallavarapu ◽

Vinod Kumar Jain ◽

Sushil Kumar

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Stearic Acid ◽

Palmitoleic Acid ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Arachidic Acid ◽

Behenic Acid ◽

Trace Constituents ◽

Cleome Viscosa

Fatty oils of the seeds of Cleome viscosa accessions from Delhi, Jaipur, Faridabad, Surajkund and Hyderabad were methylated and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The major fatty acids, identified as their methyl esters, of the oils from these five locations were palmitic acid (10.2-13.4%), stearic acid (7.2-10.2%), oleic acid (16.9-27.1%) and linoleic acid (47.0-61.1%). In addition, palmitoleic acid, octadec-(11 E)-enoicacid, arachidic acid, eicosa-(11 Z)-enoic acid, linolenic acid, heneicosanoic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, pentacosanoic acid, hexacosanoic acid, 12-oxo-stearic acid, and the alkanes tetracosane, pentacosane, hexacosane, heptacosane, octacosane, nonacosane, triocontane, hentriacontane and dotriacontane, were also identified as minor and trace constituents in some of these oils.

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ECUADORIAN QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD) FATTY ACIDS PROFILE

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i11.24889 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 209 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Altuna Jl ◽

Silva M ◽

Álvarez M ◽

Quinteros Mf ◽

Morales D ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Chenopodium Quinoa ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

Regular Consumption ◽

Omega 6 ◽

Soxhlet Method ◽

Abundant Fatty Acid ◽

Good Proportion

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the methyl esters fatty acids (FAMEs) profile of quinoa seeds (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) of a sample cultivated in Guaranda, Ecuador.Methods: Quinoa oil was obtained from quinoa seeds using the Soxhlet method. FAMEs identification and quantification were carried out using the gas chromatography (GC) with a mass spectrometry (MS), using the database Library NIST14.L to identify the fatty acids present in quinoa oil.Results: Quinoa oil from Ecuador was analyzed by GC-MS, to obtain four majoritarian fatty acids, palmitic acid (10.66%), oleic acid (24.70%), linoleic acid (62.47%), and linolenic acid (2.19%). Omega 6 was the most abundant fatty acid in quinoa oil. Quinoa oil has a good proportion of oleic acid and linoleic acid.Conclusions: Quinoa seeds present a good proportion of fatty acids. These seeds can be used in the food industry for different purposes to enjoy their fatty acids composition. Regular consumption of quinoa can improve health.

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FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION OF TOCTE (JUGLANS NEOTROPICA DIELS) WALNUT FROM ECUADOR

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i2.16344 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 395 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vilcacundo E ◽

Alvarez M ◽

Silva M ◽

Carpio C ◽

Morales D ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Stearic Acid ◽

Palmitic Acid ◽

Linolenic Acid ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Total Lipid Content ◽

Fatty Acids Composition

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the fatty acids composition in a tocte seeds oil (Juglans neotropica Diels) sample cultivated in Ecuador.Methods: Tocte oil was obtained from tocte seeds using the cold pressing method. Fatty acids analysis was carried out using the gas chromatography method with a mass selective detector (GC/MSD) and using the database Library NIST14.L to identify the compounds.Results: Methyl esters fatty acids were identified from tocte (J. neotropica Diels) walnut using the GC–MS analytical method. The total lipid content of tocte walnuts seeds of plants cultivated in Ecuador was of 49.01% of the total lipid content on fresh weight. Fatty acids were analyzed as methyl esters on a capillary column DB-WAX 122-7062 with a good separation of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. The structure of methyl esters fatty acids was determined using the GC–MS. Tocte walnut presents 5.05% of palmitic acid, 2.26% of stearic acid, 19.50% of oleic acid, 65.81% of linoleic acid, and 2.79% linolenic acid of the total content of fatty acids in tocte oil. Fatty acids content reported in this study were similar to the data reported for other walnuts seeds.Conclusions: Tocte seeds are a good source of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Tocte oil content oleic acid and with a good content of ɷ6 α-linoleic and ɷ3 α-linolenic. Tocte walnut can help reduce risk cardiovascular diseases in Ecuador for their good composition of fatty acids.

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Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine employing straight vegetable oils from Vanuatu as fuels

Advances in Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.1177/1687814020962351 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 168781402096235

Author(s):

Misel J Sisi ◽

M Rafiuddin Ahmed ◽

David Rohindra

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Diesel Engine ◽

Vegetable Oils ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Capric Acid ◽

Performance And Emission ◽

Development Goals

The performance characteristics of the engine and the emission levels with Copra Oil (CPO), Virgin Coconut (cocos nucifera) Oil (VCO), Tamanu (calaphyllum inopyllum) Oil (TMO), and Nangae (canarium indicum) Oil (NGO) are presented. The oils, obtained from naturally grown trees in Vanuatu, were tested as straight vegetable oils (SVOs) in a Diesel engine and the results are compared with those of neat diesel. The oils were converted to their fatty-acid-methyl-esters (FAMEs) using gas chromatography to determine their fatty acid compositions. The brake thermal efficiency with SVOs was found to be comparable to diesel. The structure of the alkyl chain and the carbon-to-hydrogen ratio were also studied. All the oils have Palmitic acid, Capric acid, Caprylic acid, and Oleic acid as the major fatty acids. The CPO and VCO have higher amounts of Oleic acid, which acts as an additive and breaks up the interaction between the major fatty acids at higher temperatures, reducing the viscosity. Emissions of CO2 were lower while those of CO, NOx, and SO2 were higher with SVOs compared to diesel. The results indicate that the local SVOs are good and inexpensive substitute fuels for Vanuatu that can help the country meet the UN’s sustainable development goals.

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The effect of fatty acids on the metabolism of lactic acid streptococci: I. Inhibition of bacterial growth and proteolysis

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900017933 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 81-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R. F. Anders ◽

G. R. Jago

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Peptidase Activity ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Ripening Process ◽

Early Loss ◽

Bitter Peptides ◽

Streptococcus Cremoris

SummaryThe early loss of viability of Streptococcus cremoris strain C 13 in Cheddar cheese was investigated. The growth of this strain was markedly inhibited by cheese extracts containing unesterified fatty acids of which oleic acid was the major inhibitory constituent active against the coccus. This acid was found to accumulate in cheese early in the ripening process and may be responsible for the early loss of viability of strain C 13 in cheese.Early loss of viability of a starter organism in cheese could result in a low peptidase activity by limiting the number of bacterial cells present. The subsequent accumulation of unhydrolysed bitter peptides would produce a bitter flavour.

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Properties of Degradable Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Synthesized by a New Strain, Cupriavidus necator IBP/SFU-1, from Various Carbon Sources

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13183142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (18) ◽

pp. 3142

Author(s):

Natalia O. Zhila ◽

Kristina Yu. Sapozhnikova ◽

Evgeniy G. Kiselev ◽

Alexander D. Vasiliev ◽

Ivan V. Nemtsev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Carbon Source ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Cupriavidus Necator ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Plant Oils ◽

Molecular Weights

The bacterial strain isolated from soil was identified as Cupriavidus necator IBP/SFU-1 and investigated as a PHA producer. The strain was found to be able to grow and synthesize PHAs under autotrophic conditions and showed a broad organotrophic potential towards different carbon sources: sugars, glycerol, fatty acids, and plant oils. The highest cell concentrations (7–8 g/L) and PHA contents were produced from oleic acid (78%), fructose, glucose, and palm oil (over 80%). The type of the carbon source influenced the PHA chemical composition and properties: when grown on oleic acid, the strain synthesized the P(3HB-co-3HV) copolymer; on plant oils, the P(3HB-co-3HV-co-3HHx) terpolymer, and on the other substrates, the P(3HB) homopolymer. The type of the carbon source influenced molecular-weight properties of PHAs: P(3HB) synthesized under autotrophic growth conditions, from CO2, had the highest number-average (290 ± 15 kDa) and weight-average (850 ± 25 kDa) molecular weights and the lowest polydispersity (2.9 ± 0.2); polymers synthesized from organic carbon sources showed increased polydispersity and reduced molecular weight. The carbon source was not found to affect the degree of crystallinity and thermal properties of the PHAs. The type of the carbon source determined not only PHA composition and molecular weight but also surface microstructure and porosity of the polymer films. The new strain can be recommended as a promising P(3HB) producer from palm oil, oleic acid, and sugars (fructose and glucose) and as a producer of P(3HB-co-3HV) from oleic acid and P(3HB-co-3HV-co-3HHx) from palm oil.

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