scholarly journals Partial replacement of corn with glycerin: digestibility and ruminal fermentation kinetics by in vitro gas production

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Peripolli ◽  
◽  
Ênio R Prates ◽  
Júlio OJ Barcellos ◽  
João Batista G Costa Jr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous enzymes on in vitro gas production kinetics and ruminal fermentation of four fibrous feeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 179 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M.Y. Elghandour ◽  
A.Z.M. Salem ◽  
M. Gonzalez-Ronquillo ◽  
J.L. Bórquez ◽  
H.M. Gado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Production Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes

Comparison of four in vitro gas production methods to study rumen fermentation kinetics of starch rich feeds

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 ◽  
pp. 196-196
Author(s):  
S. Fakhri ◽  
A. R. Moss ◽  
D.I. Givens ◽  
E. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Kinetics Of

Recently, the automatic in vitro gas production techniques (e.g. Cone. 1994; Theodorou et al., 1994) have been developed to study rumen fermentation kinetics. Many approaches have been taken. This work investigates the suitability of different methods for estimating the rumen fermentation of two starch rich feedstuffs.

scholarly journals Kinetics in vitro of ruminal fermentation of cocoa husks subjected to alkali and heat treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 3897
Author(s):  
Flávio Moreira de Almeida ◽  
José Augusto Gomes Azevêdo ◽  
Ícaro Dos Santos Cabral ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Ribeiro Pereira ◽  
Gherman Garcia Leal de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Final Volume ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Efficient Alternative

The objective was to evaluate the parameters of kinetics of ruminal fermentation of cocoa husks (CH) treated with alkali and thermal agents, using the semi-automated in vitro gas production technique. Cocoa husks samples were subjected to alkali and thermal methods (effect of time of exposure) treatment, as follows: control; alkaline treatment with calcium hydroxide ((Ca(OH)2) and calcium oxide (CaO), both doses of 15.0; 30.0 and 45.0 g kg-1 of CH; heat treatment in an autoclave at a pressure of 1.23 kg cm-2 (15 psi) and a temperature of 123°C for 30, 60 and 90 minutes. For statistical analysis, orthogonal contrasts and regression. The degradation rate and the final volume of gases of non-fiber carbohydrates decreased with the addition of Ca(OH)2 and CaO, however, for fibrous carbohydrates effects were positive. For each percentage of Ca(OH)2 and CaO included, it is estimated an increase of 5.74 and 2.9% in the final volume of the fiber, respectively. When the heat treatment, a decrease in all parameters was estimated. For each minute of exposure to heat, there was a decrease of 0.4% in total final volume of gases. The alkali treatment can be an efficient alternative for improving the digestibility of fibrous fractions of CH.

scholarly journals Does partial replacement of corn with glycerin in beef cattle diets affect in vitro ruminal fermentation, gas production kinetic, and enteric greenhouse gas emissions?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. e0199577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Del Bianco Benedeti ◽  
Mozart Alves Fonseca ◽  
Teshome Shenkoru ◽  
Marcos Inácio Marcondes ◽  
Eduardo Marostegan de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Gas Emissions

In vitro gas production and ruminal fermentation of glycerol, propylene glycol and molasses

2009 ◽  
Vol 154 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Ferraro ◽  
G.D. Mendoza ◽  
L.A. Miranda ◽  
C.G. Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

scholarly journals Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Gamonmas Dagaew ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Sawitree Wongtangtintharn ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Chanon Suntara
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Cassava Pulp ◽  
Feed Digestibility

Cassava pulp (CS) is high in fiber and low in protein; hence, improving the nutritive value of CS is required to increase its contribution to enhancing ruminant production. The present work hypothesized that CS quality could be enhanced by fermentation with yeast waste (YW), which can be used to replace soybean meal (SBM), as well as lead to improved feed utilization in ruminants. Thus, evaluation of in vitro ruminal fermentation and feed digestibility, as influenced by YW-treated CS and different roughage (R) to concentrate (C) ratios, was elucidated. The design of the experiment was a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Each treatment contained three replications and three runs. The first factor was replacing SBM with CS fermented with YW (CSYW) in a concentrate ratio at 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, respectively. The second factor was R:C ratios at 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70. The level of CSYW showed significantly higher (p < 0.01) gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a + b), and cumulative gas production at 96 h than the control group (p < 0.05). There were no interactions among the CSYW and R:C ratio on the in vitro digestibility (p > 0.05). Furthermore, increasing the amount of CSYW to replace SBM up to 75% had no negative effect on in vitro neutral detergent fiber degradability (IVNDFD) (p > 0.05) while replacing CSWY at 100% could reduce IVNDFD (p > 0.05). The bacterial population in the rumen was reduced by 25.05% when CSYW completely replaced SBM (p < 0.05); however, 75% of CSWY in the diet did not change the bacterial population (p > 0.05). The concentration of propionate (C3) decreased upon an increase in the CSYW level, which was lowest with the replacement of SBM by CSYW up to 75%. However, various R:C ratios did not influence total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and the proportion of VFAs (p > 0.05), except the concentration of C3, increased when the proportion of a concentrate diet increased (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CSYW could be utilized as a partial replacement for SBM in concentrate diets up to 75% without affecting gas kinetics, ruminal parameters, or in vitro digestibility.

Use of different carbohydrate sources associated with urea and implications for in vitro fermentation and rumen microbial populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Santos ◽  
F. F. R. Carvalho ◽  
M. M. Carriero ◽  
A. L. R. Magalhães ◽  
A. M. V. Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
True Protein

Context Alternative feed sources have been investigated as replacements for green forages and cereal grains traditionally used in ruminant feed. We hypothesised that, when replacing sources of true protein with non-protein nitrogen (NPN) in the ruminant diet, the efficiency of utilisation of the NPN may be affected by the source of energy and that different energy resources used as alternatives to maize may improve efficiency and maximise ruminal fermentation characteristics. Aims The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diets containing different carbohydrate sources associated with urea on in vitro ruminal fermentation and rumen microbial profile. Methods Four diets based on Tifton 85 Bermuda grass hay (584 g/kg dry matter) were tested as substrates: cornmeal + soybean meal (C + SM, typical diet), cornmeal + urea (C + U), cassava scraping + urea (CS + U), and spineless cactus + urea (SC + U). The experimental design consisted of randomised blocks with four treatments and five blocks. Five adult Nellore cattle with permanent fistula in the rumen were used as inoculum donors. The semi-automatic in vitro gas production technique was used in two experiments. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to monitor the changes in the rumen microbial community. Key results The diets containing C + U and CS + U decreased (P &lt; 0.05) concentrations of isobutyrate, isovalerate, and valerate after 24 h of incubation, and all diets containing urea decreased (P &lt; 0.05) concentrations of isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate after 96 h and increased (P &lt; 0.05) acetate:propionate ratio. After 96 h of incubation, the diets containing CS + U and SC + U resulted in a lower (P &lt; 0.05) population of Ruminococcus flavefaciens than the C + U diet, and a lower (P &lt; 0.05) population of Streptococcus bovis than the C + SM diet. Conclusions From our results, a diet containing cassava scraping produces more methane per unit of degraded organic matter, which reduces fermentation efficiency. Diets that contain corn with either soybean meal or urea result in greater degradability with lower gas production rates than diets that contain either cassava scrapings or spineless cactus with urea. Diets containing urea as a total substitution for soybean meal alter the production of short-chain fatty acids and reduce the populations of S. bovis and R. flavefaciens. Implications Use of urea to replace soybean meal in the ruminant diet alters ruminal fermentation and rumen microbial population.

scholarly journals Fermentation kinetics and in vitro degradation rates of grasses of the genus Cynodon

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidnei Tavares dos Reis ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves Lima ◽  
Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de Sales ◽  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Subsequent Reduction ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Automated Technique

The present study aimed to evaluate the fermentation kinetics and degradation rates of Cynodon grasses estimated by semi-automated technique of in vitro gas production. The forages were: Coastcross, Tifton 85 and Tifton 68. Pressure readings were taken at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 19, 24, 30, 36, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Dry matter degradability (DMD) was obtained by the percentage of dry matter (DM) remaining after 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours of fermentation. Tifton 85 showed a higher total gas production (p <0.05). Higher fermentation rates were found at the beginning of fermentation followed by subsequent reduction (p <0.05) over time. Tifton 85 and Tifton 68 showed higher values (p < 0.05) for soluble fraction, potentially degradable insoluble fraction, insoluble fraction, potential and effective degradability of dry matter in relation to Coastcross grass. Higher gas production during in vitro incubation of dry matter was observed for Tifton 85 g. 

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