Radio-Electronic Modules and Radiation Monitoring Systems based on Diamond Detectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 266-276
Author(s):  
A.A. Altukhov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Radiation Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Radio Electronic ◽  
The Creation

An overview of the current state and promising areas of application of semiconductor diamond detectors for creating radio-electronic monitoring systems for ionizing studies based on them is given. The main attention is paid to the creation of multifunctional space radiation monitoring systems that combine a set of diamond detectors and hardware and software tools that provide diagnostics of dose and spectrometric characteristics of various types of radiation. The data on the developed and manufactured samples of blocks and on-board control systems for cosmic and ionizing radiation are presented. The overview shows that diamond ionizing radiation detectors (IRD) are actively used in the creation of radio-electronic devices and monitoring systems for ionizing and cosmic radiation. The use of diamond IRD in combination with the developed design and technological solutions, hardware and software principles for the construction of such devices make it possible to create samples of on-board onboard avionics for separate measurement of the parameters of cosmic radiation and neutron fluxes, gamma radiation, characterized by small dimensions, high speed, hardness to radiation, mechanical and temperature influences. Multifunctional systems for ionizing radiation detection based on diamond detectors use the accumulated experience of successful development and application of discrete diamond IRD allowed us to start creating multifunctional modules and radiation monitoring systems (RMS) based on them. Theыыыыыы creation of such devices allows us to practically demonstrate the traditional advantages of discrete DIRD (high speed, the highest radiation hardness, high resistance to mechanical and thermal influences) in on-board equipment with smaller mass dimensions. The main structural and technological solutions that ensure the creation and effective functioning of RMS based on diamond IRD are the following: (1) separation the IR flow into energy sub-bands; (2) the use of software and hardware processing of data received from the IRD; (3) using a multi-detector system. Further development of research and development in these areas, in addition to solving the target tasks of radio-electronic instrumentation, will stimulate technological progress in various areas of solid-state electronics, including materials science and physics of wide-band semiconductors, the development of an experimental and technological base for the synthesis of diamond bulk crystals and multilayer structures, the creation of new technologies for ion-plasma processing of semiconductors, and a number of others.

scholarly journals Halide lead perovskites for ionizing radiation detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haotong Wei ◽  
Jinsong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Solution Processes ◽  
Current State ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Halide Perovskites

Abstract Halide lead perovskites have attracted increasing attention in recent years for ionizing radiation detection due to their strong stopping power, defect-tolerance, large mobility-lifetime (μτ) product, tunable bandgap and simple single crystal growth from low-cost solution processes. In this review, we start with the requirement of material properties for high performance ionizing radiation detection based on direct detection mechanisms for applications in X-ray imaging and γ-ray energy spectroscopy. By comparing the performances of halide perovskites radiation detectors with current state-of-the-art ionizing radiation detectors, we show the promising features and challenges of halide perovskites as promising radiation detectors.

scholarly journals Photothermal, Photoelectric, and Photothermoelectric Effects in Bi-Sb Thin Films in the Terahertz Frequency Range at Room Temperature

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Mikhail K. Khodzitsky ◽  
Petr S. Demchenko ◽  
Dmitry V. Zykov ◽  
Anton D. Zaitsev ◽  
Elena S. Makarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Terahertz Radiation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Thz Radiation ◽  
Terahertz Frequency ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Terahertz Frequency Range

The terahertz frequency range is promising for solving various practically important problems. However, for the terahertz technology development, there is still a problem with the lack of affordable and effective terahertz devices. One of the main tasks is to search for new materials with high sensitivity to terahertz radiation at room temperature. Bi1−xSbx thin films with various Sb concentrations seem to be suitable for such conditions. In this paper, the terahertz radiation influence onto the properties of thermoelectric Bi1−xSbx 200 nm films was investigated for the first time. The films were obtained by means of thermal evaporation in vacuum. They were affected by terahertz radiation at the frequency of 0.14 terahertz (THz) in the presence of thermal gradient, electric field or without these influences. The temporal dependencies of photoconductivity, temperature difference and voltage drop were measured. The obtained data demonstrate the possibility for practical use of Bi1−xSbx thin films for THz radiation detection. The results of our work promote the usage of these thermoelectric materials, as well as THz radiation detectors based on them, in various areas of modern THz photonics.

scholarly journals Fully Automated Cultivation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in the StemCellDiscovery—A Robotic Laboratory for Small-Scale, High-Throughput Cell Production Including Deep Learning-Based Confluence Estimation

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Jelena Ochs ◽  
Ferdinand Biermann ◽  
Tobias Piotrowski ◽  
Frederik Erkens ◽  
Bastian Nießing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Production Environment

Laboratory automation is a key driver in biotechnology and an enabler for powerful new technologies and applications. In particular, in the field of personalized therapies, automation in research and production is a prerequisite for achieving cost efficiency and broad availability of tailored treatments. For this reason, we present the StemCellDiscovery, a fully automated robotic laboratory for the cultivation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in small scale and in parallel. While the system can handle different kinds of adherent cells, here, we focus on the cultivation of adipose-derived hMSCs. The StemCellDiscovery provides an in-line visual quality control for automated confluence estimation, which is realized by combining high-speed microscopy with deep learning-based image processing. We demonstrate the feasibility of the algorithm to detect hMSCs in culture at different densities and calculate confluences based on the resulting image. Furthermore, we show that the StemCellDiscovery is capable of expanding adipose-derived hMSCs in a fully automated manner using the confluence estimation algorithm. In order to estimate the system capacity under high-throughput conditions, we modeled the production environment in a simulation software. The simulations of the production process indicate that the robotic laboratory is capable of handling more than 95 cell culture plates per day.

Regulating Religious Broadcasting

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 287-304
Author(s):  
Ian Leigh
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Advance ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Religious Expression ◽  
Satellite Broadcasting ◽  
Religious Broadcasting ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
A Minor ◽  
And Control

The broadcasting world is currently undergoing a revolution. The new technologies of cable and, more importantly, satellite broadcasting have brought within reach an enormous potential expansion and diversity in broadcasting. The Broadcasting Act 1990 is the government's response to the challenge, creating a mostly new regulatory framework. Alongside technological advance there has been a growing concern with regulating programme quality, as the creation of the Broadcasting Standards Commission (placed by Pt. V of the Act on a statutory footing) bears witness. A minor, but not insignificant, place in these cross-currents of ferment is occupied by religious broadcasting. This article seeks to place the controls and duties relating to religious broadcasting under the new regime within the context of its history in the UK and to consider the extent to which the new legal and administrative controls achieve an acceptable balance between religious expression and control of standards.

HgI2nanostructures obtained hydrothermally for application in ionizing radiation detection

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (44) ◽  
pp. 445309 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pérez Barthaburu ◽  
Isabel Galain ◽  
Ivana Aguiar ◽  
Heinkel Bentos Pereira ◽  
Laura Fornaro
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Detection

Finite Element Method-based geomechanical risk assessment of underground laboratory located in the deep copper mine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Fulawka ◽  
Witold Pytel ◽  
Piotr Mertuszka ◽  
Marcin Szumny
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Underground Laboratory ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Copper Mine ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Element Method

<p>Underground laboratories provide a unique environment for various industries and are a suitable place for developing new technologies for mining, geophysical surveys, radiation detection, as well as many other studies and measurements. Unfortunately, any operation in underground excavations is associated with exposure to many hazards not necessarily encountered in surface laboratories. One of the most dangerous events observed in underground conditions is the dynamic manifestation of rock mass pressure in form of rockburst, roof falls and mining tremors. Therefore, proper evaluation of geomechanical risk is a key element ensuring the safety of work in underground conditions. Finite Element Method-based numerical analysis is one of the tools which allow conducting a detailed geomechanical hazard assessment already at the object design stage. The results of such calculations may be the basis for the implementation of preventive measures before running up the underground facility.</p><p>Within this paper, the three-dimensional FEM-based numerical analysis of large-scale underground laboratory located in deep Polish copper mine was presented. The calculations were made with GTS NX software, which allowed determining the changes in the safety factor in surrounding of the analyzed area. Finally, the possibility of underground laboratory establishment, with respect to predicted stress and strain conditions, were determined.</p>

ECONOMIC CONTRADICTIONS ARE RELATED TO THE USE AND TRANSFER OF DUAL-USE GOODS AND TECHNOLOGIES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Boguslavskyy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Mass Destruction ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Export Controls ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Means Of Production

The article is devoted to the study of economic contradictions related to the use and transfer of dual-use goods and technologies. The article highlights different approaches to defining the categories «technology» and «dual-use technology». Types of dual-use technologies are outlined. The main economic contradictions related to the use and transfer of dual- use goods and technologies are identified: 1) contradictions related to the creation of new technologies that can be both useful in the civilian and military spheres; 2) contradictions related to the manufacture and use of dual-use goods; 3) Contradictions are related to the creation of new means of production that can be used both for the production of civilian goods and for CBRN; 4) contradictions in the use of technological processes for the civilian and military spheres; 5) contradictions related to the development of transport and improvement of methods of delivery of CBRN; 6) contradictions between the interests of economic development of different countries on the basis of the introduction of new technologies and non-proliferation of CBRN; 7) interstate political and economic contradictions regarding the CBRN; 8) contradictions between groups of countries and individual countries regarding the non-proliferation of CBRN; 9) contradictions related to environmental pollution in the process of manufacturing and testing of CBRN; 10) contradictions in the realization of economic and political interests between countries that have modern weapons of mass destruction and countries that do not possess these weapons; 11) contradictions regarding the protection of their national interests etc. The peculiarities of the transfer of dual-use goods and technologies in the modern economy are shown and it is determined that it acquires a network character. The need to apply export controls to the transfer of dual-use goods and technologies is emphasized.

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