scholarly journals Trabectedin in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas: up to date data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
A. A. Fedenko ◽  
A. A. Tararykova
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Standard Chemotherapy ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Low Efficiency

Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare heterogeneous group of malignant tumors with mesenchymal nature. Soft tissue sarcomas accounts for less than 1 % of all cancers. Low efficiency of chemotherapy for soft tissue sarcomas, especially in advanced disease, is a burning issue. Trabectedin is one of the active agents approved for the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas after the failure of standard chemotherapy. The article provides a literature review of the latest world-wide data of the effectiveness and role of trabectedin in the modern approach of soft tissue sarcomas treatment.

scholarly journals The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Prospects for Immunotherapy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3865
Author(s):  
Tânia Fortes-Andrade ◽  
Jani Sofia Almeida ◽  
Luana Madalena Sousa ◽  
Manuel Santos-Rosa ◽  
Paulo Freitas-Tavares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Immunological Profile ◽  
Study Support

Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) represent about 80% of sarcomas, and are a heterogeneous group of rare and malignant tumors. STS arise from mesenchymal tissues and can grow into structures such as adipose tissue, muscles, nervous tissue and blood vessels. Morphological evaluation has been the standard model for the diagnosis of sarcomas, and even in samples with similar characteristics, they present a diversity in cytogenetic and genetic sequence alterations, which further increases the diversity of sarcomas. This variety is one of the main challenges for the classification and understanding of STS patterns, as well as for their respective treatments, which further decreases patient survival (<5 years). Despite some studies, little is known about the immunological profile of STS. As for the immunological profile of STS in relation to NK cells, there is also a shortage of studies. Observations made in solid tumors show that the infiltration of NK cells in tumors is associated with a good prognosis of the disease. Notwithstanding the scarcity of studies to characterize NK cells, their receptors, and ligands in STS, it is noteworthy that the progression of these malignancies is associated with altered NK phenotypes. Despite the scarcity of information on the function of NK cells, their phenotypes and their regulatory pathways in STS, the findings of this study support the additional need to explore NK cell-based immunotherapy in STS further. Some clinical trials, very tentatively, are already underway. STS clinical trials are still the basis for adoptive NK-cell and cytokine-based therapy.

scholarly journals Molecular Determinants of Soft Tissue Sarcoma Immunity: Targets for Immune Intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7518
Author(s):  
Marcella Tazzari ◽  
Laura Bergamaschi ◽  
Alessandro De Vita ◽  
Paola Collini ◽  
Marta Barisella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Molecular Determinants ◽  
Genetic Landscape ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Cumulative Evidence

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are a family of rare malignant tumors encompassing more than 80 histologies. Current therapies for metastatic STS, a condition that affects roughly half of patients, have limited efficacy, making innovative therapeutic strategies urgently needed. From a molecular point of view, STSs can be classified as translocation-related and those with a heavily rearranged genotype. Although only the latter display an increased mutational burden, molecular profiles suggestive of an “immune hot” tumor microenvironment are observed across STS histologies, and response to immunotherapy has been reported in both translocation-related and genetic complex STSs. These data reinforce the notion that immunity in STSs is multifaceted and influenced by both genetic and epigenetic determinants. Cumulative evidence indicates that a fine characterization of STSs at different levels is required to identify biomarkers predictive of immunotherapy response and to discover targetable pathways to switch on the immune sensitivity of “immune cold” tumors. In this review, we will summarize recent findings on the interplay between genetic landscape, molecular profiling and immunity in STSs. Immunological and molecular features will be discussed for their prognostic value in selected STS histologies. Finally, the local and systemic immunomodulatory effects of the targeted drugs imatinib and sunitinib will be discussed.

scholarly journals Male urethral sarcoma: a case report and literature review

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Magno Almeida Nogueira ◽  
Guilherme Campelo Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Roberto Iglesias Lopes ◽  
Octavio Henrique Arcos Campos ◽  
Marcos Francisco Dall'Oglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Heterogeneous Group ◽  
Men 2

Urethral tumors are rare and aggressive. They usually affect men (2:1) and occur more commonly in white (85% of cases). Soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors that arise from embryonic mesoderm. It represents 1% of all cases of urinary tract malignancies and rarely primary affect the ureter. We report a case of male urethral sarcoma. To date, only two similar cases have been published in literature.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological study of soft tissue sarcoma-retrospective study of tertiary cancer institute in eastern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 4075
Author(s):  
Kunhi Mohammed K. P. ◽  
Snehasis Pradhan ◽  
Supratim Bhattacharyya ◽  
Prafulla Kumar Das ◽  
Muhammed Navas N. K.
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽  
Frequent Variety ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare and heterogeneous group of malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin that comprise less than 1 percent of all adult malignancies. Although they occur anywhere in the body, they involve most commonly in extremities, trunk, retroperitoneum and head and neck. The aim of the study was to analyze clinical and histopathological features of various soft tissue sarcomas.Methods: This was a retrospective study, conducted in tertiary cancer centre in Odisha during the period 2015 to 2018. We collected clinical parameters like age, sex, site of swelling, any associated pain and biopsy reports and these variables were correlated with final histopathology reports.Results: A total of 107 patients were included in the study, with male to female ratio of 2:1(71 and 36) and average age of 43.45 years. All of them presented with a swelling. The lower extremities were the most common sites i.e. 44.62%. Pleomorphic sarcoma was the most frequent histologic variety comprising 43% and less frequent variety were angiosarcoma, and myxoid sarcoma.Conclusions: Soft tissue sarcoma are predominant in males and middle aged population are frequently affected. Most common affected site is lower extremity and pleomorphic sarcoma is the prominent histologic type.

scholarly journals How Can a Multidisciplinary Approach Improve Prognosis of Soft-Tissue Sarcomas of Extremities?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Asmae Mazti ◽  
Mohamed El Idrissi ◽  
Abdelhalim El Ibrahimi ◽  
Mustapha El Maaroufi ◽  
Ghizlane El Koubaiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Multidisciplinary Meeting

Soft-tissue sarcomas are malignant tumors that require good management within specialized centers. Our study aims to assess the benefit of handling these kinds of tumors using the Multidisciplinary Meeting (MDM) approach. The current paper details this approach through a prospective study that has lasted for 42 months in the HASSAN II University Hospital Center, Fez, Morocco. During this research work, 116 cases were selected with an average age of 53 years. In 95.7% of the cases, it was found that the lower limb was the most frequent tumor type (78.4%). Also, ninety-two (92) patients (79.3%) have had a prior biopsy. Ninety-nine (99) patients (85.3%) have received a magnetic resonance imaging scan (MRI) before surgery. Sixty-three (63) patients were operated on, including R0 resection used for 37 patients, R1 used for 21 patients, and R2 used for five patients. As a result, liposarcomas were the most frequent type (30.1%), followed by synovial sarcomas (14.6%), leiomyosarcomas (9.5%), ewing sarcoma (8.6), and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (7.7%). In addition, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was used for 36 patients. The other 22 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. The overall survival rate was 60.56 months, which proves a significant improvement, thanks to the multidisciplinary meeting approach. Conclusion. The conducted investigation has shown that using MDM for managing soft-tissue sarcomas of extremities improves the patients’ survival rate. Moreover, results have proven MDM might allow optimal treatment regarding less local recurrence and metastasis.

scholarly journals Soft Tissue Sarcomas of Extremities - MRI Role in the Diagnostic Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
A.M. Bratu ◽  
I.A. Sălcianu ◽  
C. Zaharia ◽  
G. Iana ◽  
A.N. Marinescu
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Oblique Muscle ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Bony Pelvis ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction. Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare entities of soft tissue cancers. Their incidence is low, of only 1% of the malignant tumors. In terms of localization, most of the STS affect the extremities, and their incidence is much higher in children than in adults. Material and method. The present paper is a retrospective study that includes tumors with lower limb localizations, including the bony pelvis, over a 3-year period (2013-2016). The study group consisted of 29 patients who, following the MRI examination, were diagnosed with softtissue tumors. Of the 29 patients, 17 patients had a MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and an anatomopathological diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. The location of the tumor, its characteristics, and the relationship with the adjacent anatomical structures were analyzed in all cases. Results. The ages of the final group of 17 patients ranged between 28 and 84 years, with female predominance. In terms of localization, one showed a muscle tumor in the pelvis, namely left oblique muscle, other cases being located in the thigh and knee. A special importance was given to the superficial and profound location. In 5 cases, the tumor was localized in subcutaneous fatty tissue, thus superficial. In terms of the contours of the tumor, well-defined margins were present in 11 cases, and poorly defined contour in 6 cases. Regarding the size, the leiomyosarcomas in our study had dimensions between 5.2 cm and 18 cm, and their structure was inhomogeneous, with the presence of necrosis and calcifications. Necrosis was found in 14 cases, and calcifications were present in 68%, being more frequent than necrosis. Except for the necrotic areas, the contrast enhancement was intense. Conclusions. Although the diagnosis is always histopathological, the MRI plays an important role in defining a precise localization and tumor characteristics.

Article Commentary: Soft Tissue Sarcoma of the Extremity and Trunk: Issues for the General Surgeon

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 665-671
Author(s):  
Gerame Wells ◽  
Robert C.G. Martin ◽  
Kelly M. Mcmasters ◽  
Charles R. Scoggins
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Heterogeneous Group ◽  
General Surgeon ◽  
Academic Interest ◽  
General Surgeons

Soft tissue sarcomas represent a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors that arise from mesenchymal tissues. The majority of these tumors arise on the extremity or trunk. Despite their rarity, soft tissue sarcomas continue to generate vigorous academic interest, and as a result, the ever-expanding medical literature dealing with sarcomas continues to grow. Many general surgeons will see few of these tumors during their careers, and a review of the current literature and how it applies to patients afflicted with soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity or trunk is warranted.

Role of New Chemotherapy Agents in Soft Tissue Sarcoma

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
Margaret von Mehren
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Serine Threonine Kinase ◽  
Threonine Kinase ◽  
Cell Cycle Activation ◽  
Metastatic Gist ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

Medical management of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) has been restricted by the limited availability of active drugs. A plethora of new oncologic agents are now available, many of which have specific therapeutic targets. Gemcitabine and docetaxel is a combination of drugs that have limited single-agent activity. Yondelis, a novel chemotherapeutic that binds DNA and functions partially by inhibiting transcription, is being tested alone and in combination with doxorubicin. Inhibitors of mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that regulates cell cycle activation and cell growth, are also being tested. Growth factor receptor inhibitors are being evaluated in a variety of sarcomas that have been found to express the targets. In addition, a variety of agents are being assessed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Single agents and agents combined with imatinib are being tested in imatinib-refractory and in metastatic GIST. The increased use of targeted agents underscores the need for understanding sarcoma biology.

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