PHENOLOGICAL AND CLIMATIC MODELLING OF THE LATE FROST DAMAGE IN APRICOT ORCHARDS UNDER THE CHANGING CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF SOUTH-EASTERN ROMANIA

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Chitu ◽  
D. Sumedrea ◽  
V. Chitu ◽  
E. Topor ◽  
C. Paltineanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frost Damage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Late Frost

scholarly journals The vulnerability of silver fir populations to damage from late frosts

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Klisz ◽  
Szymon Jastrzębowski ◽  
Joanna Ukalska ◽  
Paweł Przybylski ◽  
Jan Matras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Late Frost ◽  
Shoot Damage ◽  
Experimental Plots

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the vulnerability of selected silver fir populations to damage from late frost in the climatic conditions of south-eastern Poland. To determine the vulnerability of apical and lateral shoots to damage caused by late frosts, we observed four test plots in 2009 and 2014, each containing progenies of selected seed stands. Our statistical analyses were based on a model incorporating the following variables: site, year, type of frost damage, population as well as the possible interaction between these variables. Significant differences between the populations were found in terms of their sensitivity to damage from low temperature occurring during the growth period. Furthermore, we indirectly demonstrated differences in the severity of late frost on the experimental plots, as well as the intensity and variability of late frost shoot damage. Based on these results, we divided the studied populations into two groups of low (EF, KRA1 and NAR) and high (LES2 and BAL2) sensitivity to late frost damage.

Field survey on frost damage to roof tiles under climatic conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiemi Iba ◽  
Ayumi Ueda ◽  
Shuichi Hokoi
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Roof Tile ◽  
Deterioration Process ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Frost damage is well-known as the main cause of roof tile deterioration. The purpose of this paper is to develop an analytical model for predicting the deterioration process under certain climatic conditions. This paper describes the results of a field survey conducted to acquire fundamental information useful to this aim. Design/methodology/approach – A field survey of roof tile damage by freezing was conducted in an old temple precinct in Kyoto, Japan. Using detailed observations and photographic recordings, the damage progress was clarified. To examine the impact of climatic conditions upon the damage characteristics, weather data and roof tile temperatures were measured and logged in the winter season. Findings – The deterioration process was observed under the climatic conditions associated with the measured temperature of the roof tiles. In particular, it was revealed that the orientation has a significant influence on increasing or decreasing the risk of frost damage. For certain distinctive forms of damage, the deterioration mechanisms were estimated from the viewpoint of the moisture flow and temperature distribution in the tile. Originality/value – This study contributes to the elucidation of the mechanism behind frost damage to roof tiles. The findings will guide the construction of a numerical model for frost damage prediction.

scholarly journals The effect of cooling irrigation on the blooming dynamic of plum

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lakatos ◽  
I. Gonda ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
Z. Szabó ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Logistic Curve ◽  
Treated Plot

The objective of the present study is to explore the effect of cooling irrigation (aspersion) on the beginning of bloom and on the micro-climate of the plantation. The results show that the water sprayed in the orchard by micro-jet influenced decisively the temperature of the plantation. At higher temperatures (around 20 °C), the drop of temperature may attain 5–7 °C. A low relative humidity of the air may increase the relative effect, The frequent repetition (20 minute intervals) may keep the temperature low also in the buds. The beginning of bloom may delayed for more than ten days. The dynamics of blooming was characterised by a logistic curve in the treated as well as in the control plot. In the treated plot, the curve was steeper than in the control in spite of equal temperatures measured in the plots. Under our (Hungarian) climatic conditions, the method is successfully used to delay blooming dates. The main result is the diminution of the frost damage in the spring and the security of yield. The costs and water requirement should be calculated later.

Late frost damage risk for viticulture under future climate conditions: a case study for the Luxembourgish winegrowing region

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Molitor ◽  
A. Caffarra ◽  
P. Sinigoj ◽  
I. Pertot ◽  
L. Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frost Damage ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Late Frost ◽  
Damage Risk

scholarly journals Wind driven snow conditions control the occurrence of contemporary marginal mountain permafrost in the Chic-Chocs Mountains, south-eastern Canada – a case study from Mont Jacques-Cartier

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautier Davesne ◽  
Daniel Fortier ◽  
Florent Dominé ◽  
James T. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Ground Surface Temperature ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Snow Distribution ◽  
Snow Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. We present data from Mont Jacques-Cartier, the highest summit in the Appalachians of south-eastern Canada, to demonstrate that the occurrence of contemporary permafrost body is necessarily associated with a very thin and wind-packed winter snow cover which brings local azonal topo-climatic conditions on the dome-shaped summit. The aims of this study was (i) to understand the snow distribution pattern and snow thermo-physical properties on the Mont Jacques-Cartier summit; and (ii) to investigate the impact of snow on the spatial distribution of the ground surface temperature (GST) using temperature sensors deployed over the summit. Results showed that above the local treeline, the summit is characterized by snow cover typically less than 30 cm thick due to the physiography and surficial geomorphology of the site and the strong westerly winds. The mean annual ground surface temperature (MAGST) below this thin and wind-packed snow cover was about −1 °C in 2013 and 2014, for the higher exposed sector of the summit characterised by a block-field or sporadic herbaceous cover. In contrast, for the gentle slopes covered with stunted spruce (krummholz), and for the steep leeward slope to the SE of the summit the MAGST was around 3 °C in 2013 and 2014.

scholarly journals Perspective varieties of Magarach ampelographic collection: ‘Solnechnaya Dolina 58’ grape variety

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Алла Анатольевна Полулях ◽  
Владимир Александрович Волынкин ◽  
Ирина Александровна Васылык
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Long Period ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

Крымский полуостров - регион с разнообразными почвенными и климатическими условиями, является родиной более 70 сортов винограда. Сортимент винограда Крыма формировался на протяжении длительного времени в определённых условиях и обладает рядом ценных свойств и признаков. В статье приводится описание основных ампелографических и хозяйственно-биологических характеристик перспективного местного крымского столово-технического сорта среднепозднего периода созревания Солнечная Долина 58. Сорт пригоден для культивирования в юго-восточной прибрежной зоне Крыма при схеме посадки кустов 1,5 х 3,0 м и нагрузке 60 глазков на куст при обрезке 6-8 глазков. Хорошо растет и плодоносит на щебенистых почвах. Перспективен для приготовления красных столовых и десертных вин, и для потребления в свежем виде на месте. Сорт встречается только в коллекциях. The Crimean Peninsula as a region with a diversity of soil and climatic conditions is a home to more than 70 grape varieties. The assortment of grapes has been formed over a long period of time under certain conditions and has a number of valuable properties and traits. The article describes main ampelographic and economic-biological characteristics of the promising local Crimean table and wine grape variety ‘Solnechnaya Dolina 58’. The variety is suitable for cultivation in the south-eastern coastal zone of Crimea with bushes planting scheme of 1.5 x 3.0 m and a load of 60 eyes per bush when pruning 6-8 eyes. It grows well and fructifies on rank soils. It has good prospects for making red table and dessert wines, as well as for fresh consumption. The variety is met in collections only.

scholarly journals Effect of over tree cooling irrigation on ‘Bosc’ pear orchards microclimate

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lakatos ◽  
Z. Sun ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Night Time

Irrigation in some countries is a horticultural practice mainly used only to supply water. At the same time the use of microsprinklers have a powerful infl uence on the changes of temperature in orchards. When the air’s temperature is high (about 20 °C or higher) the evaporative cooling irrigation signifi cantly decreases the plants’ surface temperature and air temperature. The cooling effect is stronger when the air is dryer. By using cooling irrigation regularly, canopy temperature can be decreased so that the beginning of blooming can be delayed. Also if the blooming is early and frost probability is high, serious damages can happen in orchards. The benefi cial effect of cooling irrigation is the temperature reduction and frost protection. In March 2010, one month earlier than the expected blooming an irrigation system was established to produce anti-frost treatment and regulate the micro-climate of a Bosc pear orchard which belongs to the University of Debrecen (Hungary). The objective of sprinklers was to cool the air by increasing water evaporation and relative humidity. The position of the micro-sprinklers was planned in three levels (around the tree trunks, a few cm near to the soil surface, in the crown region and above the crown, a half meter higher). The results showed that the water sprayed in the orchard by micro-jets infl uenced decisively the temperature of the plantation. At higher temperatures (around 20 °C), the drop of temperature may attain 5–7 °C. A low relative humidity of the air may increase the relative effect. When water was applied at intervals of 15 minutes for ten times a day from 8 am to 18 pm, the air, fl owers and bud’s surface temperature could be kept low. At certain days when the temperature was higher than 10 °C, irrigation was used at night time in similar 15 minutes intervals, from 18 pm and 6 am. The beginning of bloom could be delayed for more than ten days. The Bosc pear variety blooming dynamics was characterized by a logistic curve in the treated as well as in the control plot. In the treated plot, the curve was steeper than in the control one in spite of the equal temperatures measured in the plots. Under Hungarian climatic conditions, the method was successfully used to delay blooming dates. The main result was the diminution of the frost damage in the spring that assured pears yields.

scholarly journals RESULTS OF MANDARIN PLANTATIONS MONITORINGDAMAGED BY FROST AND EVALUATION IN GEORGIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Khalvashi ◽  
◽  
G. Memarne ◽  
D. Baratashvili ◽  
N. Kedelidze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Degree Of Damage ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
The Impact

n the paper isdiscussedthe results of mandarin plantations monitoring damaged by frost in winter. Despite thecenturies-old history of citrus production in Georgia, the danger of frost damageremains a major limiting factor for the spread of citrus. The monitoring revealed that although the temperature was quite critical for mandarin in February 2020 (-11-12°C, in some places -14°C), the frost damage to the plantations was not high, but was inhomogeneous. Observations revealed that the damage to mandarin plantations was due not only to the impact of low temperatures, but also to many other factors that had a significant impact on the degree of damage to the plantations. Based on the analysis ofmonitoring results and multi-year data, it was found that the risk of frost damage to the citrus in winter in Georgia due to global warming is significantly reduced comparedto previous years, but the incidence of autumn-spring frosts has increased which indicates the adaptation of the citrus crops to the climatic conditions of Georgia.

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