scholarly journals The prevalence of endemic goiter and iodine deficiency in the population of boys aged 11–13 years in different ecogeographical regions of the Republic Of Dagestan

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
K. G. Kamalov ◽  
E. M. Soltakhanov ◽  
G. A. Gazimagomedov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Endemic Goiter ◽  
Daily Excretion ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Iodine In Urine

Purpose. Conducting a comparative analysis and assessment of the dynamics of endemic goiter and iodine deficiency in the population of boys of the Republic of Dagestan at the age of 11–13 years for the period 2002–2013, living in different ecological and geographical zones.Patients and methods. 3457 adolescent boys 11–13 years old, living in different ecological and geographical zones, were surveyed. Methods of investigation were: determination of daily excretion of iodine in urine, palpation and ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland.Results. It was revealed that during the period of preventive measures there was an improvement in iodine supply regardless of the area of residence. However, against the background of preventive measures in the lowland zone, iodine deficiency decreased not evenly, and in some cases the aggravation occured.Conclusion. The incidence of endemic goiter and the severity of iodine deficiency in boys aged 11–13 years in the mountain and foothill ecology and geographical zones of the Republic of Dagestan are generally comparable to those of iodine deficiency and endemic goiter in the general population of the Republic of Dagestan. On a flat ecogeographical zone, endemic goiter in boys 11-13 years is less common than in the general population in this region. Preventive measures to combat iodine deficiency have led to a decrease in the frequency of endemic goiter, but constant monitoring is required. As a result, there was no correlation between the incidence of endemic goiter and the severity of iodine deficiency.

scholarly journals Iodine Deficiency Disorders: Current State of the Problem in the Republic of Crimea

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Troshina ◽  
Evgeniya S. Senyushkina ◽  
Natalya P. Makolina ◽  
Fatima M. Abdulkhabirova ◽  
Larisa V. Nikankina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Federal State ◽  
School Age ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Iodine In Urine ◽  
Primary School Age

Background: The article presents the results of a control and epidemiological study conducted in September 2020 by specialists of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «NMIC of Endocrinology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, aimed at assessing the current state of iodine provision in the population of the Republic of Crimea. The study in Crimea is part of a number of activities and work carried out on behalf of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation within the framework of state assignments «Scientific assessment of the need for additional regulatory legal and other measures to eliminate iodine deficiency in pilot regions with severe iodine deficiency» and «Epidemiological and molecular-cellular characteristics of tumor, autoimmune and iodine deficiency thyropathies as a basis for prevention of complications and personalization of treatment.The data obtained reflect the state of the problem of iodine consumption on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula and indicate the relevance of the adoption of a regional preventive program aimed at eliminating iodine deficiency in the diet of the population and related diseases.Aim: Assessment of iodine supply of the population of the Republic of CrimeaMaterials and methods: The research was carried out in secondary schools of four districts of the Republic of Crimea — in the years. Simferopol, Belogorsk, Bakhchisarai and Saki.The volume of the study — 356 schoolchildren of 8-10 years old, all were completed: taking anamnesis and anthropometric parameters (height, weight), examination by an endocrinologist with palpation of the thyroid gland (thyroid gland), ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland (thyroid ultrasound), obtaining single portions of urine and samples of table salt (5-10 grams), which is used daily in the diet in their families. The measurements of the height and weight of the children by the standard method were carried out during the examination by a specialist. Thyroid ultrasound was performed in the supine position using a portable LOGIQe ultrasound machine (China) with a 10-15 MHz multifrequency linear transducer. All urine samples (n = 356) in disposable Eppendorf microtubes were immediately frozen at a temperature of minus 20-25°! for further determination of the concentration of iodine in urine using the cerium-arsenite method (based on the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Institution NMITs endocrinology «of the Ministry of Health of Russia). A qualitative study for the presence of potassium iodate in food table salt samples (n = 203) was carried out on site by the express method.Informed consent was obtained from all parents / guardians of children for the examination and processing of personal data. The permission of the local ethical committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «NMIC of Endocrinology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia was received on March 25, 2020, No. 5.Results: According to the results of a survey of 356 children of primary school age, the median concentration of iodine in urine (mCIM) is 97 pg / l and varies from 78 to 98 pg / l in the surveyed areas, the proportion of urine samples with a reduced iodine concentration was 51.2%. The share of iodized salt use in the families of schoolchildren was 12.3% (values range from 10% to 15%). The average incidence of goiter in children according to ultrasound data is 9.5% (range of values from 1.7% to 16.3%).Conclusion.The indicator of the median concentration of iodine in urine indicates an insufficient iodine supply of the population of the Republic of Crimea.The prevalence of goiter in children of primary school age according to the ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland corresponds to the mild severity of iodine deficiency in the mild degree of goiter endemic in the region.The share of households using iodized salt is extremely low and amounts to 12.3%, which does not meet the WHO recommendations for regions with natural iodine deficiency (from 90% or more).

scholarly journals Clinical-morphological features of malignant ovarian tumors in children in the Republic of Tajikistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
M. N. Umarova ◽  
S. G. Umarzoda ◽  
Z. B. Akhmedova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Histological Variants ◽  
The Republic

Aim. The study of anamnestic and clinical-morphological features of the malignant ovarian tumors (MOT) course in children.Material and methods. Clinical and anamnestic features of 47 cases of MOT in children who received special treatment in the Department of pediatric oncology of the SI “Republican Oncological Scientific Center” for 2005- 2018 were compared. To identify clinical morphological features patients were divided into two groups according to histotypes “teratoblastoma” (17 patients) and “dysgerminoma” (25 patients). The study used anamnestic, physical, clinical-laboratory, sonography, morphological, statistical methods.Results and discussion. As a result of the study, it was found that the main complaints at admission were pain and palpable formation in the abdomen, which had dimensions of up to 10 cm in 19 (40.4%) cases, and in 28 (59.6%) cases - more than 10 cm. Ultrasound examination revealed a tumor-like formation of a heterogeneous/cystic structure, with dense walls, multiple chambers, with inclusions, tuberous, reaching significant sizes of 40-400 mm. The average values of the AFP onco-marker were 155 U/ml, Ca-125 - 87 U/ml, which exceeded the reference values. Dysgerminoma was found in more than half of cases - 25 (53.2%). There were no statistically significant differences in clinical and anamnestic measures between the different histological variants.Conclusion. Comparative analysis of peculiarities of the clinical-morphological course of MOT in children depending on histological type showed no statistically significant differences.

scholarly journals Features of iodine deficiency in the territory of the Republic of Belarus

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-749
Author(s):  
S. L. Romanov ◽  
A. N. Chervan ◽  
E. M. Korobova ◽  
T. S. Yablonskaya
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
High Iodine ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Spatial Specificity ◽  
First Time

A medium-scale map of iodine deficiency in the territory of the Republic of Belarus was created for the first time. The map characterizes in detail a spatial variation of iodine concentration in soils of Belarus. The article analyzes a spatial specificity of the ecological situation formed as a result of heterogeneity of the iodine content in soils. Using the means of a specialized GIS, the area of high iodine deficiency was identified at the level of administrative regions. The identified area was further differentiated in terms of different level of ecological risk due to a natural soil iodine deficiency. As a result of such geoinformation analysis, the areas of moderate, significant and greatest risks were established in the territory of Belarus. These regions should become the objects of high priority monitoring and are directly in need of targeted preventive measures.

scholarly journals Yodo, Bocio y Cretinismo endémicos en la región Andina del Ecuador

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Benitez ◽  
Leslie Degroot ◽  
Mario Paredes ◽  
Wilson Pañafiel
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Endemic Goiter ◽  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Motor Abnormalities ◽  
Made In

An inventory of the total population of isolated rural villages of the most affected Ecuadorian Andean provinces by endemic goiter was made. In each of these villages iodine content in urine, salt and water was determined. It was conclusive that the chronic iodine deficiency is sine qua non condition for the endemic; but the severity of the endemic; but the severity of the endemic doesn’t have relationship with the magnitude of the lack, rather due to the intercourse of socio-economic and biological intercurrent deficitary factors. Even with the iodine deficiency and the intercourse of the communities located more than 3,500 m, adove sea level, did not present goiter with endemic characteristics. The severity of the endemic was determined to be correlated with: incidence of nodular goiters, in the general population in the first two decades of life, presence of big goiters, incidence of goiters mean in the relation to that in woman. All of wich is epidemiologically related to the incidence of defects that would begin appearing in endemic form in a community, and in accord to the severity would follow the following order of appearing in the endemic form in a community, and in accord to the severity would follow the following order od appearance: motor abnormalities, mental deficiency, deafmutism, deafness and mutism. Finally, a familiar tendency was clearly demonstrated so that a cretin child would be born, and no relationship, on familial level, between incidence and type of goiter and the appearance.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AGE AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENT PATIENTS IN NARCOLOGICAL HOSPITALS OF THE TWO REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Nigina M. Sharopova ◽  
Yu. D Krivoruchko ◽  
N. V Malikov ◽  
A. N Martiushov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

According to the preliminary analysis of the epidemiological data in various regions of Tajikistan, there were established differences in the dynamics of epidemiological indices. Based on this, a hypothesis about differences in the impact of biological and social factors on the increase of the risk of the developing alcohol dependence was proposed. The article analyzes age and related characteristics of patients enrolled in a drug treatment medical institutions of Dushanbe (100 observations) and Kurgan-Tyube (50 observations). Obtained results of the analysis showing the differences of the examined groups of patients can help not only to optimize the volume and nature of the specialized narcological help but also to form an idea of targeted preventive measures for different population groups.

scholarly journals The results of neonatal TSH screening do not agree with indicators of the optimal iodine status of pregnant women in the Republic of Georgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelli Barnabishvilli ◽  
Gregory A. Gerasimov ◽  
Teimuraz Azikuri
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Endemic Goiter ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Iodine Nutrition ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Tsh Levels

Background. Georgia historically was a country with moderate to severe iodine deficiency and high prevalence of endemic goiter. A representative countrywide iodine survey conducted in Georgia in 2017 confirmed optimal iodine nutrition of the population with median UIC 298 mcg/L in SAC and 211 mcg/L in PW. Aim. The aim of this study was to assess status of iodine nutrition of population in Georgia. Methods. The assesement based on the proportion of neonatal Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels >5mIU/L from 2009 to 2015 and compare these data with the results of direct assessment of iodine status made during the 2017 national survey. Results. From 2009 to 2015 the proportion of newborns with TSH >20 mIU/L decreased threefold: from 0.45 to 0.15%. This trend was observed in all regions of the country with significant difference between the capital city and Western in Eastern parts of the country. There has been also significant reduction of the prevalence of TSH >5 mIU/L in Georgia from 4.46% in 2009 to 3.5% in 2015. However, only in Tbilisi the frequency of elevated TSH was below 3% – the cutoff level for adequate iodine nutrition. In other regions (Western and Eastern Georgia) prevalence of TSH >5 mIU/L was 3.8% and 4.4% respectively that could be falsely interpreted as mild iodine deficiency. Conclusions. Although neonatal TSH is useful to detect moderate to severe iodine deficiency, it should be cautiously recommended for the evaluation of iodine status in iodine sufficient to mildly iodine deficient regions.

scholarly journals On the determination of Namaz time in the Republic of Dagestan

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
M. Z. Maghomedov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Special Commission ◽  
Short Statement ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Given ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The given paper studies the results of a research by a special commission of Dagestan Muftiate on the determination of the five daily obligatory prayers (Namaz) schedule in the Republic of Dagestan. The study gives a short statement of Shariah regulations on each Namaz starting and ending time; thus, provides visual comparative analysis of the research results with an existing in Dagestan Namaz timetable. The concluding part reveals the effective ways of implementing the renewed calendar within the local communities. The results of the research will be useful for the Muslim religious figures from other regions of Russia in correcting their existing Namaz timetables in accordance with the Shariah Rules.

Time and Latitude in South Africa

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
J. Hers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Astronomical Determination ◽  
Limited Accuracy ◽  
Better Than

In South Africa the modern outlook towards time may be said to have started in 1948. Both the two major observatories, The Royal Observatory in Cape Town and the Union Observatory (now known as the Republic Observatory) in Johannesburg had, of course, been involved in the astronomical determination of time almost from their inception, and the Johannesburg Observatory has been responsible for the official time of South Africa since 1908. However the pendulum clocks then in use could not be relied on to provide an accuracy better than about 1/10 second, which was of the same order as that of the astronomical observations. It is doubtful if much use was made of even this limited accuracy outside the two observatories, and although there may – occasionally have been a demand for more accurate time, it was certainly not voiced.

The right to life: A comparative analysis of the relevant norms of the Constitutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan and Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the right to life belongs to the basic constitutional human rights, therefore, its observance and protection is the duty of the state. Despite its undeniable importance, today the right to life anywhere in the world is not really ensured in sufficient quantities. The constitutional consolidation of the right to life raises a number of issues related to the concept, nature, legislative and practical implementation of this right. It should be noted that various aspects of the human right to life were considered in the scientific works of G.B. Romanovsky, O.G. Selikhova, T.M. Fomichenko, A.B. Borisova, V.A. Ershov and other Russian authors. The aim of the study is to study and comparative analysis of the legal content of the constitutional norm that defines the right to life, to comprehend and identify possible problems of the implementation of this right. To achieve this goal, this article discusses relevant issues of ensuring the right to life, proclaimed by Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Article 27 of the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic. The results of a comparative analysis of these constitutional norms and the relevant norms of industry law allow us to determine, that there is no contradiction between Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the norms of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which imply the death penalty as an exceptional measure of punishment, because a moratorium has been imposed on the death penalty in the Russian Federation since April 16, 1997. However, after the abolition of the death penalty in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1998, there was a discrepancy between parts II and III of Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the criminal legislation of Azerbaijan Republic that requires the introduction of the necessary changes in the content of the analyzed constitutional norm. The value of the work is determined by the fact that the introduction of appropriate changes will contribute to the further improvement of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the effective implementation of the right to life of everyone.

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