Characterization of alcohol consumption and related problems in university students from Mexico City

Introduction. In Mexico, alcohol consumption is the main problem related to substance use among university students. Objective. To analyze emerging alcohol consumption patterns in students at a public university through the administration of an online survey. Method. This is a cross-sectional, survey-based study. Participants included 3,888 students from a large university in Mexico City, to whom the alcohol and sociodemographic data section of the Cuestionario de Estudiantes 2014 was electronically administered in August-September 2018 and 2019. Latent Class Analysis was applied to the data obtained. During the research, the principles, norms, and ethical precepts of research on human beings were observed. Results. The relevant variables observed were length of exposure to alcohol, excess alcohol consumption, consumption on a typical day and alcohol-related consequences, which were used to create a model with four groups: teetotalers and early drinkers without consequences, risky drinkers with consequences, experienced risky drinkers without consequences and habitual drinkers with consequences. 36.7% of the sample were classified into groups with consequences and a high likelihood of excess consumption. Discussion and conclusion. Lengthy exposure to alcohol influences measures of frequency and intensity of consumption in relation to the number of consequences suffered. This latent class model can guide the design and priority of universal, selective, or suggested preventive interventions.

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Entrepreneurial intentions of university students: a case-based study

Journal of Enterprising Communities People and Places in the Global Economy ◽

10.1108/jec-12-2016-0046 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (03) ◽

pp. 393-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ramo Palalić ◽

Veland Ramadani ◽

Arnela Ðilović ◽

Alina Dizdarević ◽

Vanessa Ratten

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Business Environment ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Primary Data ◽

Survey Method ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

Entrepreneurial Experience

Purpose This study aims to examine the entrepreneurial intentions of university students at the International University of Sarajevo. For this purpose, the entrepreneurial desires and entrepreneurial orientations of the students across several demographic variables were measured. These variables included prior entrepreneurial experience, student’s gender, faculty, year of study and attitude towards more courses on entrepreneurship. Nevertheless, the research also examined how business environment influences the entrepreneurial intentions of students by considering the same set of variables. Design/methodology/approach The objectives of this paper have been achieved by using a quantitative research instrument, where the cross-sectional survey method for collecting primary data is used. In total, 173 usable responses have been collected from the beginning of April to the end of May in the academic year 2015/2016. Findings The results indicate that the greater the demotivation with the current business surrounding, the smaller the entrepreneurial intentions of the students are when the prior entrepreneurial experience, gender, year of study and attitude towards more courses on entrepreneurship are considered. The study suggests that improving the overall business surrounding and entrepreneurial education might increase the entrepreneurial intentions of the students. Originality/value This is the first paper that treats entrepreneurial intentions of University students in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Effects of Harassment on Academic Performance: A Case of University Students of Lahore

Global Regional Review ◽

10.31703/grr.2021(vi-iii).01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol VI (III) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Zaheer Ud Din Babar ◽

Noshina Saleem

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

University Students ◽

Research Study ◽

Total Sample ◽

Survey Method ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cyber Harassment ◽

Prime Objective ◽

Convenience Sampling

This research study attempted to explore the effects of cyber harassment and traditional harassment on the academic performance of university students. Likewise, investigating the influence of this harassment on substance usage was another prime objective of the study. For this purpose, students of four Lahore based universities (2 public, 2 private) were taken as population. Similarly, using convenience sampling, 150 respondents from each university were selected to meet a total sample of 600 students. For data collection, a cross-sectional survey method was used; however, for data analysis, a one-way analysis of variance was done so that demographics differences could be checked. Whereas Pearson product-moment correlation was applied to tests the relationships between IVs and DVs. Results evidently found that the majority of the students faced one or both types of harassment, i.e. traditional and cyber, which resulted in their indulgence in substance usage practices.

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Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey of US Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17249189 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 9189

Author(s):

Elyse R. Grossman ◽

Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon ◽

Susan Sonnenschein

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Online Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Public Health Perspective ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Drinking Behaviors ◽

Related Stress ◽

Linear Regressions

Emerging but limited evidence suggests that alcohol consumption has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assessed: (1) whether drinking behaviors changed during the pandemic; and, (2) how those changes were impacted by COVID-19-related stress. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey with a convenience sample of U.S. adults over 21 years in May 2020. We conducted adjusted linear regressions to assess COVID-19 stress and alcohol consumption, adjusting for gender, race, ethnicity, age, and household income. A total of 832 responded: 84% female, 85% White, and 72% ages 26–49. Participants reported consuming 26.8 alcohol drinks on 12.2 of the past 30 days. One-third of participants (34.1%) reported binge drinking and 7.0% reported extreme binge drinking. Participants who experienced COVID-19-related stress (versus not) reported consuming more drinks (β = 4.7; CI (0.2, 9.1); p = 0.040) and a greater number of days drinking (β = 2.4; CI (0.6, 4.1); p = 0.007). Additionally, 60% reported increased drinking but 13% reported decreased drinking, compared to pre-COVID-19. Reasons for increased drinking included increased stress (45.7%), increased alcohol availability (34.4%), and boredom (30.1%). Participants who reported being stressed by the pandemic consumed more drinks over a greater number of days, which raises concerns from both an individual and public health perspective.

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Prevalence and Impact of Migraine among University Students in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-120597/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Md. Abdur Rafi ◽

Md. Saiful Islam ◽

M. Tasdik Hasan ◽

Md. Golam Hossain

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Family Income ◽

Negative Impact ◽

External Noise ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Disruptive Effect ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Migraine is one of the main causes of long-term morbidity, and it is one of the major contributors of all types of headaches in worldwide. Despite its disruptive effect, it is frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated in Bangladesh. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of migraines and its impact on daily life of university students in Bangladesh.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,352 students of Rajshahi University and Jahangirnagar University during March 2020 through a self-administered online survey. ID MigraineTM scale and HIT-6 scale were used to screen migraine and its impact respectively. Frequency distribution, and Chi-square test, t-test along with multiple logistic regressions model were used to determine the prevalence and associated factors of migraine respectively. Results: The overall prevalence of migraine among the participants was 21.4%. The prevalence was higher among females (29%) than males (12%). A multivariable logistic regression model provided the following eight risk factors of migraine: (i) gender (p<0.01), (ii) family income (p<0.01), (iii) marital status (p<0.01), (iv) infrequent exercise (p<0.01), (v) family history of headache (p<0.01), (vi) high screen time (p<0.05), (vii) depressive symptoms (p<0.05) and (viii) anxiety disorder (p<0.01). More than two-thirds of the migraineurs reported more than five attacks during the past month with moderate to severe intense headache. Stress was the most reported trigger of migraine among university students (71%) followed by irregular sleep (47%), academic pressure (33%), and external noise (28%). Almost 37% of the participants who had migraines reported that headache caused severe impact in their day to day life. Conclusions: The prevalence of migraine among university students of Bangladesh is alarmingly high. Frequent migraine attacks and severe intensity of headache cause a substantial level of impact among the sufferers. Cautious avoidance of the triggering factors through appropriate interventions and prophylactic medication can mitigate the negative impact of migraine as well as improve the quality of life.

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Hygiene Awareness among Public University Students in Malaysia during COVID-19 Outbreak

Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) ◽

10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 1609-1617

Author(s):

Nor Hazlyna, H Et.al

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public University ◽

Survey Method ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The World ◽

The University ◽

Day By Day

The origin of COVID-19 was found in December 2019 from Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; and it has spread very fast all around the world. It is a worrying disease as many positive cases are reported increasing day by day. The emerging of COVID-19 outbreak requires social distance and other interventions to protect human and environmental health. The objective of this study is to promote awareness among public university students on the importance of hygiene during the pandemic of COVID-19. Therefore, a study was carried out to assess the hygiene awareness among public university students during this outbreak. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey method among public university students. The study generally is aimed to determine COVID-19 awareness, attitudes, knowledge, and related behaviours among the students. The results show that most of the students are aware of the current issues of COVID-19, and at the same time they practice good self-hygiene to prevent themselves from getting infected. However, there is still room for the university students to improve their hygiene awareness, and exercising more complete precautionary matters to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

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A goal-systems perspective on plant-based eating: keys to successful adherence in university students

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980020000695 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 75-83

Author(s):

Maricarmen Vizcaino ◽

Linda S Ruehlman ◽

Paul Karoly ◽

Katy Shilling ◽

Andrew Berardy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

University Students ◽

Discriminant Function ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Online Survey ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ethical Beliefs ◽

Goal Systems

AbstractObjective:To explore adherence to a plant-based diet from the perspective of goals- and motivations-based systems.Design:A cross-sectional, survey-based study was conducted regarding eating patterns, goals and motivations for current eating habits.Setting:Data were collected using an online survey platform, including the Goal Systems Assessment Battery (GSAB) and other survey tools.Participants:University students were recruited, including thirty-three students reporting successful maintenance of a plant-based diet (Adherents) and sixty-three students trying to adhere to a plant-based diet (Non-adherents).Results:Using GSAB subscale scores, discriminant function analyses significantly differentiated adherents v. non-adherents, accounting for 49·0 % of between-group variance (χ2 (13) = 42·03, P < 0·000). It correctly classified 72·7 % of adherents and 88·9 % of non-adherents. Constructs including value, self-efficacy, planning/stimulus control and positive affect were significant and included in the discriminant function. Logistic regression results suggested that participants who successfully adhered to a plant-based diet were seventeen times more likely to report ‘To manage or treat a medical condition’ as motivation and almost seven times more likely to report ‘To align with my ethical beliefs’ as motivation compared with non-adherents. However, these participants were 94 % less likely to report ‘To maintain and/or improve my health’ as motivation compared with non-adherents. Controlling for motivations, hierarchical logistic regression showed that only planning as part of the GSAB self-regulatory system predicted adherence to a plant-based diet.Conclusions:Values-based approaches to plant-based diets, including consideration for ethical beliefs, self-efficacy and proper planning, may be key for successful maintenance of this diet long-term.

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What Do Young Adults Think about the Safety of Over-the-Counter Analgesics? Findings from a Cross-Sectional Survey

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy9010054 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Tahlia Duyster ◽

Sara S. McMillan ◽

Ella Whately ◽

Fiona S. Kelly

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

University Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Parental Influence ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

The Difference ◽

Analgesic Use

Analgesics are commonly used over-the-counter (OTC) medicines readily available for purchase, sometimes without advice of a health professional. However, analgesics can cause harm even when taken according to dosing recommendations. Young adults may be more vulnerable to harm if they perceive low risk with OTC analgesic use, or struggle to interpret dosing instructions. This study aimed to explore factors affecting how young adults use OTC analgesics and associated perceptions of safety. An online survey was distributed to school-leavers and university students (17 to 25 years), in South-East Queensland, Australia, in the period November–December 2019. Most of the 302 respondents (school-leavers n = 147, university students n = 155) did not use analgesics frequently. School-leavers deferred to parents for analgesic information, while university students preferred the internet. The majority of respondents appeared safety conscious and did not take outside indicated use or instructions. However, a small proportion reported taking analgesics for an inappropriate indication. The difference in preferred source of analgesic information may reflect experience with analgesic use, increasing autonomy or decreased parental influence. Whilst it is encouraging that the majority of young adults appeared safety conscious, greater insight is needed into factors influencing decision making on OTC use, e.g., medicines knowledge, and changes with increasing age.

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Depression, anxiety, stress and their associated factors among Ethiopian University students during an early stage of COVID-19 pandemic: An online-based cross-sectional survey

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0251670 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. e0251670

Author(s):

Wudneh Simegn ◽

Baye Dagnew ◽

Yigizie Yeshaw ◽

Sewbesew Yitayih ◽

Birhanemeskel Woldegerima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Online Survey ◽

Early Stage ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Sex ◽

Modifiable Factors ◽

Reading Materials

Background The occurrence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects the mental health situation of almost everyone, including University students who spent most of their time at home due to the closure of the Universities. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing depression, anxiety, stress and identifying their associated factors among university students in Ethiopia during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We invited students to complete an online survey using Google forms comprising consent, socio-demographic characteristics, and the standard validated depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) questionnaire. After completion of the survey from June 30 to July 30, 2020, we exported the data into SPSS 22. Both descriptive and analytical statistics were computed. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value <0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Results A total of 423 students completed the online survey. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in this study was 46.3%, 52%, and 28.6%, respectively. In the multivariable model, female sex, poor self-efficacy to prevent COVID-19, those who do not read any material about COVID-19 prevention, lack of access to reading materials about their profession, and lack of access to uninterrupted internet access were significantly associated with depression. Female sex, lower ages, students with non-health-related departments, those who do not think that COVID-19 is preventable, and those who do not read any materials about COVID-19 prevention were significantly associated with anxiety. Whereas, being female, students attending 1st and 2nd years, those who do not think that COVID-19 is preventable, presence of confirmed COVID-19 patient at the town they are living in, and lack of access to reading materials about their profession were significantly associated with stress. Conclusions Depression, anxiety, and stress level among University students calls for addressing these problems by controlling the modifiable factors identified and promoting psychological wellbeing of students.

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Public Utilization of Face Masks in Brazil During COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Temporal Trend Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-48087/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira-Ávila ◽

Eliã Pinheiro Botelho ◽

Fernanda Garcia Bezerra Góes ◽

Elucir Gir ◽

Laelson Rochelle Milanês Sousa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trend Analysis ◽

Online Survey ◽

Temporal Trend ◽

Face Mask ◽

Survey Method ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Graduate Degrees ◽

Second Period ◽

Natural Way

Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has recorded approximately 8.6 million confirmed cases and more than 450.000 deaths worldwide. As of today, Brazil remains the second most affected country, with more than 1 million confirmed cases and more than 50,000 related deaths. This study aimed to evaluate the temporal trend of the frequency of face mask use among Brazil’s general population.Method: A cross-sectional survey method was adopted in this study. Online survey regarding sociodemographic and protective personal measures against COVID-19 was used to collect data. Data were collected from April 17 to May 15, 2020. The frequency of face mask use was divided into five categories: “never,” “rarely,” “sometimes,” “frequently,” and “always.” Joinpoint regression model was employed to analyze the daily percentage change (DPC) of each category. Ethics aspects were considered.Results: A total of 14,756 volunteers comprised the study sample. The “frequently” and “always” categories represented 71% of the sample, with the former being superior to the latter (39.4% vs. 31.6%, respectively). Temporal trend analysis showed two trend periods for all categories. The “never,” “rarely,” and “sometimes” categories decreased in the first period and stabilized in the second period. Conversely, the “frequently” and “always” categories showed an upward trend. Like other categories, the “frequently” category had stabilized in the second period. However, the “always” category still showed an increasing trend in the second period. The association analysis results showed a decrease in the use of face masks in women, postgraduate people, those aged above 35 years, and those earning more than seven times the federal monthly income minimal wage. However, the use of masks increased among young people and those with elementary to graduate degrees. The “always” use of face masks increased in the south and decreased in the southeast of Brazil. Conclusion: The preponderance of the “frequently” category and the slow DPC in the second trend period of the “always” category suggest the necessity of further enforcement of the use of face masks in Brazil. The adaptation of this new habit among Brazilians is time demanding, and thus strategies must be implemented in a more natural way.

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Retrospective mortality and prevalence of SARS–CoV–2 antibodies in greater Omdurman, Sudan: a population–based cross–sectional survey

10.1101/2021.08.22.21262294 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wendelin Moser ◽

Mohammed Ahmed Hassan Fahal ◽

Elamin Abualas ◽

Shahinaz Bedri ◽

Mahgoub Taj Elsir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Death Rate ◽

Latent Class ◽

Serological Test ◽

Latent Class Model ◽

Random Effect ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Survey Period ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Background Even after adjusting for the expected lower severity due to the younger age of the population, relatively low SARS–CoV–2 incidence and mortality rates have been reported throughout Africa. For investigating whether this is truly the case, we conducted a survey to estimate the COVID–19 related mortality and cumulative incidence of SARS–CoV–2 infections in Omdurman the most populated city of the tripartite metropolis Khartoum in Sudan. Methods A retrospective, cross–sectional, mortality and seroprevalence survey was conducted in Omdurman, Sudan, from March 1, until April 10 2021. A two–stage cluster sampling method was used to investigate the death rate for the pre–pandemic (January 1, 2019–February 29, 2020) and pandemic (March 1, 2020 – day of the survey) period using questionnaires. The seroprevalence survey was performed in a subset of households and all consenting members were tested with a rapid serological test (SD–Biosensor) and a subgroup additionally with ELISA (EUROIMMUN). Fisher′s exact test was used to assess differences between the pre–and pandemic periods and a random effect and Bayesian latent class model to adjust for test performance. Findings Data from 27315 people (3716 households) for the entire recall period showed a 67% (95% CI 32–110) increase in death rate between the pre–pandemic (0.12 deaths/10000 people/day [95% CI 0.10–0.14]) and pandemic (0.20 [0.16–0.23]) periods. Notably, a 74% (30–133) increase in death was observed among people aged ≥50 years. The adjusted seroprevalence of SARS–CoV–2 was 54.6% (95% CI 51.4–57.8). The seroprevalence was significantly associated with age, increasing up to 80.7% (71.7–89.7) for the oldest age group (≥50 years). Interpretation Our results showed a significant elevated mortality for the pandemic period with a considerable excess mortality in Omdurman, Sudan. The overall high seroprevalence indicated a different age pattern compared to other countries, with a significant increase by age. Funding Medécins Sans Frontières

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