scholarly journals ECONOMETRICS OF NATIONAL SECURITY AND DEFENSE OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Y. Marko ◽  
V. Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
National Security ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Weak Efficiency ◽  
State Budget ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Gas Market

The article provides the importance of Ukraine's economic development to ensure national security, highlights the main internal and external threats to Ukraine's national security, such as: hybrid economic war, the "needle" of loans from the International Monetary Fund, communal tariffs, opening the gas market in Ukraine, inefficient introduction of the circulation of domestic agricultural lands and insufficient use of the capabilities of the country's economy. The cyclical nature of economic development is practically proved by distinguishing four phases of economic development of the studied countries for the last ten years, weak efficiency of economic policy of Ukraine and possible applied mechanisms of economic growth. An econometric analysis of GDP of Ukraine and countries that occupy the largest share in Ukrainian imports of goods, the budget of Ukraine and the budget of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine using the method of least squares and even linear regressions, calculated the intensity of changes in Ukraine's economic processes. The model of gross domestic product of Ukraine depending on the gross domestic product of China, Poland, Russia, Turkey, Germany, Italy, Belarus, the United States and France (nine-factor model), as well as the model of Ukraine's defense budget depending on the domestic gross domestic product product, budget expenditures, taxes, minimum and average wages and inflation (seven-factor model). On the example of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine as a public sector institution, the registration algorithm for economic (additional) activities by military units and the distribution of revenues to increase the special fund of the state budget of Ukraine and create recovery of the country economy in general.

scholarly journals ON THE LEGAL BASIS OF PLANNING AND FORMING THE DEFENSE BUDGET OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
R.I. Samsin
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
National Security ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Defense Budget ◽  
State Budget

The article systematically investigates the legal bases of planning and formation of the defense budget of Ukraine. It is stated that the legal bases of the defense budget of Ukraine are the Constitution of Ukraine, the Budget Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine «On National Security of Ukraine», the Strategic Defense Bulletin of Ukraine, the National Security Strategy, the Military Doctrine of Ukraine, the laws of Ukraine on the state budget for the respective year. It is stated that at the legislative level the sources of financing of defense expenditures are fixed: funds of the state budget of Ukraine, charitable donations, income from own economic activity of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The mechanism and conditions for providing charitable assistance to the Armed Forces of Ukraine are described. The expediency of revising the Concept of economic and economic activity of the Armed Forces of Ukraine approved on April 19, 1997, approved by the President. The current Concept does not meet current conditions. It needs revision, based on Ukraine’s NATO course, of military aggression, reformatting the structure of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. It has been determined that the amount of defense expenditures as a percentage of the gross domestic product meets international standards. However, the weakness of the national economy indicates a lack of defense spending in dollar terms and in terms of one soldier. The expediency of optimizing the structure of expenditures, reorientation of creation of new administrative and economic units for project management in the sphere of defense, creation of an effective mechanism of public control over the distribution of defense expenditures is argued. Keywords: defense budget, legal framework, gross domestic product, national security, defense, budget, charitable donation, economic activity.

An improved grey Markov chain model with ANN error correction and its application in gross domestic product forecasting

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yuan Zou ◽  
Daoli Yang ◽  
Yuchen Pan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Chain Model

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the most widely-used tool for measuring the overall situation of a country’s economic activity within a specified period of time. A more accurate forecasting of GDP based on standardized procedures with known samples available is conducive to guide decision making of government, enterprises and individuals. This study devotes to enhance the accuracy regarding GDP forecasting with given sample of historical data. To achieve this purpose, the study incorporates artificial neural network (ANN) into grey Markov chain model to modify the residual error, thus develops a novel hybrid model called grey Markov chain with ANN error correction (abbreviated as GMCM_ANN), which assembles the advantages of three components to fit nonlinear forecasting with limited sample sizes. The new model has been tested by adopting the historical data, which includes the original GDP data of the United States, Japan, China and India from 2000 to 2019, and also provides predications on four countries’ GDP up to 2022. Four models including autoregressive integrated moving average model, back-propagation neural network, the traditional GM(1,1) and grey Markov chain model are as benchmarks for comparison of the predicted accuracy and application scope. The obtained results are satisfactory and indicate superior forecasting performance of the proposed approach in terms of accuracy and universality.

scholarly journals Recognizing and Confronting State Subjectivity in Asylum Adjudications

Refuge ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Emily C. Barry-Murphy ◽  
Max Stephenson Jr.
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Security ◽  
Moral Imagination ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Threats ◽  
United States Population ◽  
Potential Efficacy ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
Nuanced Understanding

United States law charges America’s asylum officers with providing humanitarian protection for refugees while simultaneously securing the nation from external threats. This mandate requires that asylum officers balance potentially conflicting claims as they seek to ensure just treatment of claimants. This article explores how officers charged with that responsibility can develop a regime-centred subjectivity that often conditions them to view applicants with fraud and security concerns foremost in mind. This analysis also examines the potential efficacy of practical strategies linked to aesthetic, cognitive, affective, and moral imagination that may allow officials to become more aware of their statecentred subjectivity and how it influences their perceptions of threats to national security and to fraud. This analysis encourages adjudication officers to strive for a more nuanced understanding of what constitutes fraud and national security concerns and what are instead presuppositions created by the United States population-protection agenda.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS GRADUATES

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Emília Krajňáková ◽  
Vaida Pilinkienė ◽  
Patrik Bulko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Experimental Development ◽  
Correlation Relationship ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Impact

The scope of the data presented in this study offers a comprehensive view of the issue of the HEI graduates employability in the Czech Republic and also in the Slovak Republic – related to determinants of economic development and their impact on them. This paper examines the impact of gross domestic product, gross domestic expenditure on research and experimental development by only higher education sector and foreign direct investment on HEI graduates employability. The results indicate that correlation between unemployment of tertiary educated Slovaks and GDP, GERD and FDI values was very big. Correlation relationship of similar determinants, except determinant GERD in conditions of the Czech Republic was characterized as weak. On the other hand, significantly stronger (very big to perfect) correlation affecting employment of tertiary educated Czechs regarding to indicators of gross domestic product, gross domestic expenditure on research and experimental development by sector of higher education and foreign direct investments as well. In conditions of the Slovak Republic, correlation relationship between employment of tertiary educated Slovaks and GDP was almost perfect.

scholarly journals Dampak Pembiayaan BUS dan UUS Terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto Indonesia Berdasarkan Lapangan Usaha

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-571
Author(s):  
Aida Azmi Nabila ◽  
Endang Hatma Juniwati ◽  
Fifi Afiyanti Tripuspitorini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Economic Sectors

Islamic banking has a role to encourage economic development and enhance economic growth. One way to do this is by allocating Islamic banking financing funds to all economic sectors or industrials in Indonesia. There is a mismatch between the growth statistics of financing distribution to Gross Domestic Product based on industrials consisting of seven industrial. This istudy iaims ito idetermine iwhether ior inot ithere iis ia  relationship, iconstribution, and the effect iof ifinancing ichanneled on Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product. The isample iin ithis istudy was determined using ipurposive isampling. iThis iresearch imethod iis ia idescriptive imethod iwith ia iquantitative iapproach. iThe iresults iof  the model test of the effect of BUS and UUS financing on Indonesia’s Gross Dometic Product based on the industrial in 2012-2019 show that not all financing has a relationship, constribution, and the effect to Indonesia’s Gross Domestic Product based on the industrial.

Filming Hegemony: Hollywood and the Manichean Script of Geopolitics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Löfflmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
National Security ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
American Exceptionalism ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Hollywood Movies ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
Film Productions

The chapter focuses on popular culture as key site for the production of constructs of geopolitical identity and practices of national security as common sense knowledge and conventional wisdom, examining popular Hollywood movies of the ‘national security cinema’ and the involvement of the Pentagon in the filmmaking process. Representations of geopolitical identity and national security are analyzed in some of the commercially most successful films in the United States released between 2009 and 2015. The chapter’s analysis testifies to the enduring popularity of key ideational themes and mythologies, such as American exceptionalism, military heroism, and external threats endangering the existence of the United States, its interests and values under the Obama presidency. The serial reproduction of these national security narratives, realized in multi-million dollar film productions, illustrates the cross-discursive leverage of American hegemony over alternative formulations of grand strategy under the Obama presidency and the popularity of a particular national security imagery of American geopolitical identity.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kecerdasan Intelektual, Kecerdasan Emosional, dan Kecerdasan Spiritual Pemilik Pada Kinerja Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah

2018 ◽  
pp. 1369
Author(s):  
Rio Surya Wijaya ◽  
I Made Sukartha
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
National Development ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Medium Enterprises

National development of a nation includes economic development and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). MSME performance needs to be examined because the contribution of the MSME sector to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has increased from 57.84% to 60.34% in the last 5 years. This study aims to determine the effect of intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, and spiritual intelligence of the owner on the performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. Research subjects are the performance of UMKM in Denpasar City. The sample determination technique used in this study is Probably sampling used using a simple random technique. There are 100 MSMEs as samples with a questionnaire statement totaling 71 statements. Based on the results of the analysis of research obtained intellectual intelligence has a positive influence on the performance of MSMEs, Emotional Intelligence has a positive influence on the performance of SMEs, and Spiritual Intelligence has a positive influence on the performance of SMEs. Keywords: Intellectual Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence, and Spiritual Intelligence.

scholarly journals The Asymmetrical Effects of Economic Development on Consumption-based and Production-based Carbon Dioxide Emissions, 1990 to 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237802311877362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorui Huang ◽  
Andrew K. Jorgenson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
National Data ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

The authors examine the potentially asymmetrical relationship between economic development and consumption-based and production-based CO2 emissions. They decompose economic development into economic expansions and contractions, measured separately as increases and decreases in gross domestic product per capita, and examine their unique effects on emissions. Analyzing cross-national data from 1990 to 2014, the authors find no statistical evidence of asymmetry for the overall sample. However, for a sample restricted to nations with populations larger than 10 million, the authors observe a contraction-leaning asymmetry whereby the effects of economic contraction on both emissions outcomes are larger in magnitude than the effects of economic expansion. This difference in magnitude is more pronounced for consumption-based emissions than for production-based emissions. The authors provide tentative explanations for the variations in results across the different samples and emissions measures and underscore the need for more nuanced research and deeper theorization on potential asymmetry in the relationship between economic development and anthropogenic emissions.

scholarly journals Design and Construction of an Innovative Device for Corrosion Testing of Materials in Different Environments

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-303
Author(s):  
Fernando Garcia-Hernandez ◽  
◽  
Adrian H. Oskam ◽  
Victor M. Castano ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corrosion Testing ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Loop Reactor ◽  
The World

Corrosion is the deterioration of a substance (usually a metal) or its properties because of the reaction with its environment. There are many forms of corrosion, some of which are encountered in everyday life. Direct losses due to corrosion are more than $276 billion dollars annually = 3.1% of Gross Domestic Product only in the United States. If we consider the rest of the world this figure would be many times higher. However, corrosion and its control besides of its importance, is often a neglected element in the practice of engineering. This work presents the design of an innovative low cost device to carry out corrosion testing of materials in different environments. High costs that result from the fabrication of special probes or devices for testing, make it an interesting challenge for the engineer or designer. This original and innovative device has been designed accordingly to both the laboratory equipment which will do the characterization and assessment of the corrosion testing, as well as the “Loop reactor” where testing will be carried out in different environments.

scholarly journals Perspectives Measuring more than just economic growth to improve well-being

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun Danielli ◽  
Patrice Donnelly ◽  
Tom Coffey ◽  
Schellion Horn ◽  
Hutan Ashrafian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Sustainable Economic Development ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract It’s official: The UK is in a recession. The economy has suffered its biggest slump on record with a drop in gross domestic product (GDP) of 20.4%. 1 This is going to have a significant impact on our health and well-being. It risks creating a spiralling decay as we know good health is not only a consequence, but also a condition for sustained and sustainable economic development. 2 In this way, the health of a nation creates a virtuous circle of improved health and improved economic prosperity. How we measure prosperity is therefore important and needs to be considered.

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