scholarly journals Relation of success in study of foreign language with speed of interhemispheric transfer of information

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
T. Kutsenko ◽  
D. Nasiedkin ◽  
L. Latyshenko ◽  
M. Gavrylenko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Interhemispheric Transfer ◽  
Interhemispheric Interaction ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Irrelevant Color ◽  
The Right ◽  
Transfer Of Information

Bilingual speakers seem to outreach monolingual speakers in performing non-verbal tasks for testing executive functions, such as Simon, Flanker and Stroop tasks, as well as in capacity of working memory. Other researchers have doubts about these cognitive benefits of bilinguals and multilinguals. The study used a combined test with the tasks of the Stroop, Poffenberger, Sperry in native (Ukrainian) and foreign (English) languages. Schoolboys of lyceum were the subjects surveyed (14-15 years old). Stimuli (the word "Green" or "Red", "Blue" or "Yellow" written in relevant or irrelevant color) were exposed on the right or left from the center of the screen. In the case of congruence the word and its semantic meaning should press one button by the ipsilateral hand ("yes"), while in the case of mismatch – the other button by the contralateral one ("no"). Latent periods of response to stimuli, which reflect the speed of the interhemispheric transfer of information, were taken into account. Correlation analysis of the success in study in the nine subjects of the three blocks (humanities, natural and formal disciplines) reveal a direct correlation of speed of reaction when performing the complex Stroop test in both the native and English languages with the success in the learning English language, what may indicate on special dependence of the success from interhemispheric interaction. In order for the foreign language to be automated and become "all the more native", it is need the fast access of the executive structures of the brain, such as the front-parietal neural network, to the linguistic neural networks, presented in both hemispheres. According to literature, the inhibitory control mechanism from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as the key structure of the front-parietal brain system may be one of several mechanisms underlying bilingual superiority. The results obtained by us complement this conception, indicating the importance of the speed of interhemispheric interaction.

scholarly journals Performance by early bilinguals of the combined test with the tasks of stroop, poffenberger, sperry in the foreign and native languages

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
T. Kutsenko ◽  
D. Nasiedkin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Voluntary Attention ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Combined Test ◽  
The Right ◽  
Transfer Of Information

The disclosure of neurophysiological foundations of both native and foreign languages is an actual problem of modern science, since their understanding can have not only theoretical but also practical, including social significance. The Stroop effect, which allows to estimate the level of voluntary attention, is also widely used in the study of language functions. By the task of Poffenberger, it is possible to evaluate the interhemispheric transfer of information. The study used a combined test with the tasks of the Stroop, Poffenberger, Sperry with native (Russian or Ukrainian) and foreign (English) languages. Students studying English were the subjects surveyed, but the vast majority of them never lived in the English-speaking environment. Stimuli (the word "Green" or "Red" written in relevant or irrelevant color) were exposed on the right or left from the center of the screen. In the case of congruence the word and its semantic meaning should press one button by the ipsilateral hand ("yes"), while in the case of mismatch – the other button by the contralateral one ("no"). In previous studies, we found that the answer "yes" is faster than answers "no" for both right and left hands. Comparison of latent period of reactions of similar responses of both hands showed that answer "yes" is faster for the right hand and answer "no" – for the left one, so that the difference in latent period between "yes" and "no" for the left hand is shorter than for the right one. This points out to easily transfer of information from the left hemisphere to the right one than in the opposite direction. Current study found out that in case of performing the test in the native language, in comparison with the foreign one, latent periods of reactions were in the average 60-70 ms longer with the same number of errors, which can be hypothetically explained by fewer associations of words of the foreign language and simpler neural networks for their processing. When performing the test in native language, the number of errors for both hands is the same, whereas when performing the test in English the left hand carries fewer errors than the right one. Probably this indicates that the center of error control in the case of passing a test in a foreign language is situated in the right hemisphere.

scholarly journals FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING AS A COMPALSORY COMPONENT OF FUTURE AVIATION SPECIALISTS PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (192) ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
Yana Necheporuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Foreign Language Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Individual Interaction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transfer Of Information

Modern training of future aviation specialists in higher educational institutions has to ensure the acquisition of systemic knowledge, development of professional skills and abilities that will form the basis competent training and formation of readiness to perform professional duties. Basic professional functions of aviation specialists – ensuring safe, regular and orderly movement of aircraft. This type of professional activity, in which the specialist must follow all safety rules and ensure clarity in compliance with the rules and instructions not only in the native language, but, above all, in the international language of aviation - English. Therefore, the article pays special attention to the outline of the peculiarities of foreign language education of aviation specialists, specification of difficulties. This article summarizes and classifies the theoretical ideas of some scientists about the nature and components of the concept of foreign language readiness of future aviation professionals for professional activities. The importance of readiness as a necessary component of training cadets of flight schools for future professional activity is noted. The difference between similar concepts «readiness» аnd «preparedness» is defined. It is noted that the basis of preparation of cadets for flights should be case-study and quasi-professional activity, which is problematic and activates the search and mental activity of future aviation specialists, reflects the modern features of flights in international airspace and interaction with foreign partners, air traffic controllers. Having considered different approaches to defining the essence of the concept of "readiness", we concluded that foreign language readiness for professional aviation professionals should be defined as a state of guaranteed ability to successfully conduct English-language industrial radio exchange in non-standard and standardized circumstances based on international aviation standards. availability of a dynamic combination of knowledge, practical skills, ways of thinking, adequate perception, interpretation and accurate transfer of information in the conditions of individual interaction of aviation specialists.

scholarly journals Method of studying hemispheric asymmetry of attentional blink

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
V.V. Babenko ◽  
D.V. Yavna
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Target Stimulus ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Interhemispheric Transfer ◽  
New Method ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
The Right ◽  
Transfer Of Information

The aim of our research was the development and testing of a new method for studying the attentional blink which makes it possible to compare the functioning of the hemispheres. Its difference from the previously used procedure is that two sequences of stimuli are synchronously presented in each semi field, and first target stimuli simultaneously included in both sequences. This allows to direct the second target stimulus to a specific hemisphere and herewith prevents interhemispheric transfer of information. The testing of the method using geometric figures as target stimuli demonstrated hemispheric asymmetry of the attentional blink with the advantage of the right hemisphere in the processing of geometric figures used as target stimuli. The possibilities of using the proposed procedure for studying the mechanisms of attention blinking are considered.

Importance of the didactic and sociological factors that influence the development of the phonetic elements of the oral expression in a foreign language

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Victoria Martínez Cruz ◽  
Johanna del Carmen Vargas González ◽  
Vinicio Ricardo Cortez Torres ◽  
Victoria Díaz Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Academic Excellence ◽  
Sociological Factors ◽  
Oral Expression ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Right

The problem of study English as a foreign language or bilingual education has been handled in a superficial way.  The experience gained during the teaching time has shown that the public schools´ students have low oral production and deficient pronunciation; meaning this that the correct development of this language is not achieved, in despite of the great help that ICT offers. The foregoing has led to conclude that the importance of the didactic factors in the phonetic elements of the oral expression is the general objective of this research. The methodological design research was conducted under the scientific investigation line, through the critical-social research, having as methodology type the descriptive-exploratory one, with the survey and direct observation as research techniques, considering as instruments, the questionnaire and the interview, based on closed questions investigated on the field; under a quantitative approach. According to the need, the scope is of qualitative type, because studies specific groups, converting it in a case of study. The proposal of this research is focuses on a Didactic Guide design with phonetic introductory methodology supported on the ICT, which improves the pronunciation, increases the students’ vocabulary and as a default will develop the oral expression.  The implementation of this proposal will identify the quality didactic factors that influence the teaching-learning process.  As a result, the right articulation of this research will develop in great benefit, achieving the academic excellence, based on standards and in line with the current globalized world, which means the mastering of the English language.

scholarly journals Management Education in teaching and learning a Foreign Language, in particular English language

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Allegra
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Management Education ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Professional Teacher ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Right

Brain is the most important part of the body in order to achieve goals. It’s important to have clear goals to clarify mind duty and tasks. It’s a difficult life to go on when you have many problems to face, but you can succeed if you make clear intention in what you do. Everything is to face life and find coherence in what you are able to do. Try to make a strategy list to find the right way to give the right time to every point and activity in your life. So you can find the explanation in neuroscience and quantum physic about all phenomena happen around you. Brain areas involve many processes as learning, memorization, in order to achieve better knowledge and skills in getting a foreign language. So brain working is related to neuropsychological research in order to explain process of learning a foreign language. All brain processes are connected with the central nervous system mechanisms that make working all the cerebral mechanisms used. A professional teacher knows how it works in mind process when he teaches a foreign language as English or. French or German or Russian etc

scholarly journals Cultural Translation of Idioms in Textbook Advanced English from the Perspective of Grammar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
English Language Teachers ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

For foreign language learners, there is a dead corner for them. Now that idioms may lead to a serious misunderstanding, for they overload much information and background culture. Therefore, English idioms need specify the right meanings of Chinese ones, which is essential for the second language learners to get a better understanding of the writer’s intention. This thesis adopts literature review and comparison analysis, and tends to explore the relationship between English idioms translation and Chinese ones in Advanced English complied by Zhang Hanxi, in order to find a better way of relatively appropriate rending, in addition, to provide some suggestions for English language teachers in the teaching.

Children's Nonword Repetition Tasks and English Language Learners

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Sara C. Steele ◽  
Deborah A. Hwa-Froelich
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
English Language ◽  
Nonword Repetition ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Internationally Adopted Children ◽  
English Speaking

Nonword repetition performance has been shown to differentiate monolingual English-speaking children with language impairment (LI) from typically developing children. These tasks have been administered to monolingual speakers of different languages and to simultaneous and sequential bilingual English Language Learners (ELLs) with mixed results. This article includes a review of the nonword repetition performance of monolingual and bilingual speakers and of internationally adopted children. Clinical implications for administration and interpretation of nonword repetition task outcomes are included.

Study of Consonant Pronunciations Errors Committed by EFL Learners

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Khansir ◽  
Afsaneh Salehabadi
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Listening Skill ◽  
English Pronunciation ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Knowledge Of Language

As the topic suggests, the research paper presents Study of Consonant Pronunciations Errors Committed by EFL Learners. Error analysis always tries to resolve language learners’ problems in acquiring second or foreign language setting. Learning to English pronunciation is perhaps as important as learning listening skill, speaking, and spelling. Errors in English pronunciation create several problems for English language learners in their works. In other words, most of the English language errors of pronunciation are due to the lack of knowledge of language learners. However, all the students in our sample are of age group (16-25) at Bushehr language institute and they are all Iranian nationals. In addition, all of them were female learners. An English pronunciation (consonant) test was used to get information about the knowledge of the learners in English pronunciation. Findings of this article indicated that the first and second hypotheses of this article were accepted, but the third hypothesis was rejected. However, the findings of this paper showed that the Iranian EFL students have problem to pronounce English sounds correctly.

Tauchnitz for Translators. The Circulation of English-language Literature in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 161-179
Author(s):  
Outi Paloposki
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Book History ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Book Production ◽  
German Publisher ◽  
Language Literature ◽  
Selection Of

The article looks at book production and circulation from the point of view of translators, who, as purchasers and readers of foreign-language books, are an important mediating force in the selection of literature for translation. Taking the German publisher Tauchnitz's series ‘Collection of British Authors’ and its circulation in Finland in the nineteenth and early twentieth century as a case in point, the article argues that the increased availability of English-language books facilitated the acquiring and honing of translators' language skills and gradually diminished the need for indirect translating. Book history and translation studies meet here in an examination of the role of the Collection in Finnish translators' work.

Can-Do descriptors – Realigning English Language Curriculum at Higher Education Institution to CEFR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Erda Wati Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Language Curriculum ◽  
English Curriculum ◽  
The Common ◽  
The University

The Common European Framework of Reference for Language (CEFR) has become the standard used to describe and evaluate students’ command of a second or foreign language. It is an internationally acknowledged standard language proficiency framework which many countries have adopted such as China, Thailand, Japan and Taiwan. Malaysia Ministry of Education is aware and realise the need for the current English language curriculum to be validated as to reach the international standard as prescribed by the CEFR. The implementation of CEFR has begun at primary and secondary level since 2017 and now higher education institutions are urged to align their English Language Curriculum to CEFR as part of preparation in receiving students who have been taught using CEFR-aligned curriculum at schools by year 2022. This critical reflection article elucidates the meticulous processes that we have embarked on in re-aligning our English Language Curriculum to the standard and requirements of CEFR. The paper concludes with a remark that the alignment of the English curriculum at the university needs full support from the management in ensuring that all the stakeholders are fully prepared, informed and familiar with the framework.

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