scholarly journals Joint transmutation of stable Cs and Sr isotopes in microbiological systems and prospects for accelerated deactivation of liquid radioactive waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-508
Author(s):  
Alla A. Kornilova ◽  
◽  
Vladimir I. Vysotskii ◽  
Sergey N. Gaydamaka ◽  
Marina A. Gladchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Liquid Radioactive Waste ◽  
Statistical Error ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Nuclear Transformation ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Stable Cesium ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Control Fluid ◽  
And Control

It was found during the research that in the experimental and control bioreactors, which at the beginning of the experiments contained only cesium and strontium, by the end of the experiments, yttrium and barium were found. These isotopes are formed as a result of low-energy nuclear reactions involving protons. In addition, in experimental bioreactors with an optimal composition, a two to threefold increase in the concentration of yttrium was recorded in comparison with the control non-optimal experiments. Accumulation of strontium and cesium in biomass was registered, which is explained by the process of biosorption. It is known that biosorption is the first step towards nuclear transformation (biotransmutation). At the same time, one of the main conditions for the nuclear transformation of biomass elements is its maximum efficient growth. An unexpected fact discovered during the experiment is that yttrium and barium were also found in the control bioreactor, where no biomass was added before the experiment, but only deionized water, glucose, and the initial stable cesium and strontium salts. It is important to note that these elements were not detected in the analysis of the initial salts, substrates, and deionized water. Most likely, the presence of yttrium and barium is due to inoculation of the control fluid of the bioreactor (where no biomass pellets were added) with microorganisms from the experimental bioreactors during their periodic opening for taking current pH samples and adding glucose. Also, the work recorded a decrease in the content of cesium and strontium in the liquid by 20% and 55%, respectively, which goes beyond the statistical error.

scholarly journals Simultaneous position and stiffness control of a revolute joint using a biphasic media variable stiffness actuator

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-97
Author(s):  
Jesus H Lugo
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Variable Stiffness ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Revolute Joint ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Physical Prototype ◽  
Stiffness Control ◽  
Variable Stiffness Actuator ◽  
Control Fluid ◽  
And Control

Safe interactions between humans and robots are needed in several industrial processes and service tasks. Compliance design and control of mechanisms is a way to increase safety. This article presents a compliant revolute joint mechanism using a biphasic media variable stiffness actuator. The actuator has a member configured to transmit motion that is connected to a fluidic circuit, into which a biphasic control fluid circulates. Stiffness is controlled by changing pressure of control fluid into distribution lines. A mathematical model of the actuator is presented, a model-based control method is implemented to track the desired position and stiffness, and equations relating to the dynamics of the mechanism are provided. Results from force loaded and unloaded simulations and experiments with a physical prototype are discussed. The additional information covers a detailed description of the system and its physical implementation.

Catecholamine elevation in iron deficiency

1979 ◽  
Vol 237 (5) ◽  
pp. R297-R300 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dillmann ◽  
D. G. Johnson ◽  
J. Martin ◽  
B. Mackler ◽  
C. Finch
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Urinary Catecholamines ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Catecholamine Response ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Maintain Body Temperature

Iron-deficient rats have increased blood and urinary catecholamines regardless of whether anemia is or is not present. The catecholamine response in both iron-deficient and control animals is largely temperature dependent, showing little difference at the isothermic temperature of 30 degrees C but a two- to threefold increase in iron-deficient animals over controls at lower temperatures. The iron-deficient rat is unable to maintain body temperature at 4 degrees C and this is independent of anemia or of food intake. When animals are run on the treadmill for 4 h, body temperatures increase but the difference observed at 4 degrees C between iron-deficient and control animals persists. The underlying abnormality in temperature regulation and in catecholamine response disappeared after 6 days of iron therapy.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Awareness, and Control of Hypertension in Greater Beirut Area, Lebanon

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Noubani ◽  
Lara Nasreddine ◽  
Abla Mehio Sibai ◽  
Hani Tamim ◽  
Hussain Isma’eel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Optimal Blood Pressure ◽  
Collection Form ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
And Control

Background. Hypertension (HTN) has been identified as the leading risk factor for mortality and the third cause of disability worldwide. Lebanon has witnessed a threefold increase in the prevalence of HTN in the past decade. The timely exploration and detection of the factors contributing to a higher prevalence of the disease among the Lebanese population is fundamental. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence, awareness, and control rates of HTN in Greater Beirut Area in Lebanon and to identify their respective predictors. Methods. A representative sample of 501 participants aged 18-79 years residing in Greater Beirut Area was examined. Data collection form was filled up, through interviews, physical exams, and lab tests. The analysis was done for three defined outcomes: blood pressure status (normotensive, prehypertension, and hypertension), unaware HTN, and uncontrolled HTN. These were compared for the various associated predictors. Results. The sample consisted of 64.3% women and mean age 45.4 ± 15 years and the subjects were predominantly from low educational income levels. The results showed that 36.4% of the study participants were hypertensive, 25.3% were prehypertensive, and 38.2% had optimal blood pressure, while the awareness rate was 65.4% and control rate was 61%. The independent predictors of HTN were age, gender, marital status, T2D, body fat, triglyceride (positive correlates), and income level (negative correlate). Moreover, unawareness of HTN was common among older age, men, single participants, and the obese. We could not identify any factor related to uncontrolled HTN. Conclusion. The trend in the prevalence of HTN in Greater Beirut Area is found to be consistent and relatively high, yet there was an observed improvement in the awareness and control of the disease. Public health measures on a national level are urgently needed to curb the increasing prevalence of HTN, achieve primary prevention, and better control the disease.

Buoyancy Driven Microfluidics

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Chen ◽  
S. Qian ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
H. H. Bau
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Motion ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Control Fluid ◽  
And Control ◽  
Device Size

It is not surprising that the use of buoyancy as a driving force in microfluidic systems has attracted little or no attention. Buoyant forces are proportional to the volume and do not scale favorably as the device size is reduced. Nevertheless, in certain biotechnological applications, one can produce sufficiently large buoyancy forces to generate fluid motion at velocities on the order of mm/s even in conduits with equivalent diameters of a few hundreds of microns. One example is the thermal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for DNA amplification. In this process, the reagents’ temperature varies from about 55°C to 94°C. Such large temperature variations can induce significant buoyant forces. Another class of systems that can be driven by buoyant forces is rotating laboratories on a chip (lab on a CD). In such laboratories, large centrifugal accelerations may induce significant buoyant forces even when the temperature variations are relatively small. These temperature variations can be used to propel and control fluid flow.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of homeopathic solutions

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (01) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Aabel ◽  
S Fossheim ◽  
F Rise
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Water Proton ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
T1 Relaxation ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
And Control ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

AbstractThe efficacy of homeopathy is controversial. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been used to study homeopathic solutions, showing provocative results. We examined the reproducibility of one of the allegedly positive studies. 1H NMR spectra were recorded for Sulphur D4, diluted and succussed up to D30 (called potentization) at two different frequencies (300 and 500 MHz). The Sulphur solution had been potentiated according to homeopathic principles with deionized water and alcohol. Water proton T1 relaxation measurements were performed also at 20 MHz for the different potentiated Sulphur solutions. Furthermore, the homeopathic remedy Betula alba 30c (birch pollen extract) and appropriate control solution (deionized water, unsuccussed solutions and placebo globules) were measured analogously, both with frequencies giving spectra and T1 relaxometry.The Sulphur remedies showed identical one dimensional proton spectra (1H NMR) at 300 and 500 MHz, regardless of dilution/succussion stage, from D4 to D30. Furthermore, Betula 30c as a potentiated solution and its controls (ethanol dilutions and Betula diluted but not succussed) showed identical spectra. Nor were there any statistically significant differences in longitudinal (T1) relaxation times between deionized water and Sulphur D10 to D30 preparations. The shorter T1 of the Sulphur D4 preparation could be ascribed to the higher microviscosity within the sample matrix caused by the high concentration of dissolved material. Also, the T1 values of the Betula alba 30c preparation (in globular form) and control placebo globules were identical.In conclusion, published results from NMR research on homeopathy indicating differences between homeopathic solutions and control samples could not be reproduced.

scholarly journals K+ channels regulate ENaC expression via changes in promoter activity and control fluid clearance in alveolar epithelial cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 1818 (7) ◽  
pp. 1682-1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Bardou ◽  
Anik Privé ◽  
Francis Migneault ◽  
Karl Roy-Camille ◽  
André Dagenais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
K Channels ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
Control Fluid ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Integrated surveillance and potential sources of Salmonella Enteritidis in human cases in Canada from 2003 to 2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
pp. 1757-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. NESBITT ◽  
A. RAVEL ◽  
R. MURRAY ◽  
R. McCORMICK ◽  
C. SAVELLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Human Salmonellosis ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
And Control

SUMMARYSalmonella Enteritidis has emerged as the most prevalent cause of human salmonellosis in Canada. Recent trends of S. Enteritidis subtypes and their potential sources were described by integrating Salmonella data from several Canadian surveillance and monitoring programmes. A threefold increase in S. Enteritidis cases from 2003 to 2009 was identified to be primarily associated with phage types 13, 8 and 13a. Other common phage types (4, 1, 6a) showed winter seasonality and were more likely to be associated with cases linked to international travel. Conversely, phage types 13, 8 and 13a had summer seasonal peaks and were associated with cases of domestically acquired infections. During agri-food surveillance, S. Enteritidis was detected in various commodities, most frequently in chicken (with PT13, PT8 and PT13a predominating). Antimicrobial resistance was low in human and non-human isolates. Continued integrated surveillance and collaborative prevention and control efforts are required to mitigate future illness.

scholarly journals Smart management and control system for liquid radioactive waste in hospitals using neural network techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Khaled S. Ahmed ◽  
Fayroz F. Sherif
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Liquid Radioactive Waste ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Hospital Design ◽  
And Control

In tertiary hospitals where the nuclear medicine services have been introduced, the radioactive materials used in diagnosis and / or treatment need to be handled. The hospital design and medical planning should consider such these materials and their policy for treatment. The nuclear wastes have been divided into solid and liquid based on the used materials and for their half-life times which start from few minutes till reaching years. In our study, the most common radioactive liquid materials (wastes) have been treated by smart system. The system will detect the material of the waste via nuclear sensors and based on its HLT (activities), it will be distributed in two shielded storage tanks classified based on capacity then to the sewage treatment plant (STP) of the hospital after keeping for required times. The location and capacity of these tanks together with their monitoring and control system should be considered in design stage which determines the treatment processes. By applying our proposed technique on two hospitals, the results have reduced the storage tank capacity by 87% (reduction) and space area leading to cost reduction by 72% keeping the maximum level of safety.  

scholarly journals Reliability of size-selectivity estimates from paired-trawl and covered-codend experiments

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell B. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Statistical Error ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
Size Selectivity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Complex Statistical Analysis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Statistical Variability

Abstract Millar, R. B. 2010. Reliability of size-selectivity estimates from paired-trawl and covered-codend experiments. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 530–536. To determine the size selectivity of a trawl codend from sea trials, the researcher must choose between using paired (experimental and control) and covered-codend gears. The paired-gear method has the advantage that the experimental codend can be deployed without modification, but has the disadvantage of a more complex statistical analysis. It has previously been claimed that this analysis is inherently biased regardless of sampling effort. This claim is shown to be erroneous, and it is seen that both methods produce estimators that have negligible bias under typical experimental conditions. However, paired-gear analyses were seen to produce estimators having greater statistical variability than the covered-codend analyses. Over the range of simulations employed herein, it was found that the paired-gear method generally had moderately higher (ratio of 1.3–1.9) statistical error for estimation of the length of 50% retention, when fished with equal sampling effort as the covered-codend gear. Paired-gear estimates of the selection range could have considerably higher standard error than covered-codend estimates (ratio of 1.6–4.2), with the highest ratio being for a scenario where the selection curve was asymmetric and sampling effort consisted of ten replicate deployments where the number of measured fish was restricted to 250.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN EDUKASI TERSTRUKTUR MENINGKATKAN SELF EFFICACY DAN MENURUNKAN IDWG PASIEN HEMODIALISA DI RSUD INDRAMAYU

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Wayunah Wayunah ◽  
Muhammad Saefulloh ◽  
Wiwin Nuraeni
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Structured Education ◽  
Control Fluid ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dialysis Time

ABSTRAK Jumlah kasus chronic kidney disease yang harus menjalani terapi hemodialisa sejumlah 400 pasien dari 1.000.000 penduduk di Indonesia (Situmorang, 2013). Pemantauan keberhasilan hemodialisa diukur dari Inter Dialilytic Weight Gain (IDWG) yang tidak lebih dari 4 % berat kering. Nilai IDWG yang melebihi dari normal menimbulkan gejala edema, sesak nafas, dan rasa tidak nyaman. Salah satu kepatuhan pasien dalam mempertahankan IDWG adalah self efficacy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh edukasi terstruktur terhadap self efficacy dan IDWG pada pasien hemodialisa. Desain penelitian quasi experimen, dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest with control group. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel 38 pasien hemodialisa dibagi dua kelompok 22 kelompok intervensi dan 16 kelompok kontrol. Edukasi diberikan dengan gambar dan video dalam media LCD proyektor dan leaflet. IDWG diukur dengan observasi berat badan sedangkan self efficacy menggunakan kuesioner. Uji statistik menggunakan uji t-dependen dan t-independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian edukasi terstruktur pada kelompok intervensi meningkatkan self efficaccy untuk mengontrol intake cairan antar waktu dialysis (p=0,000, α=0,05), dan menurunkan IDWG (p=0,04, α=0,05). Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol penerapan edukasi meningkatkan self efficacy (p=0,03, α=0,05), namun tidak menurnkan IDWG (p=0,053, α=0,05). Hasil analisis lanjut menggunakan uji t-independen pada kedua kelompok ditemukan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna dalam self efficacy dan IDWG (p > 0,05). Edukasi terstruktur berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan self efficacy dan menurunkan IDWG. Kata kunci : self efficacy, IDWG, edukasi terstruktur ABSTRACT The number of chronic kidney disease with hemodialysis therapy was 400 patients of 1,000,000 population in Indonesia (Situmorang, 2013). The success hemodialysis was monitored by Inter Dialilytic Weight Gain (IDWG) and the criteria was not more than 4 % of dry weight. An excess of IDWG value would cause the symptoms of edema, shortness of breath, and discomfort. Self efficacy was one of patient compliance in maintaining IDWG. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a structured education on self-efficacy and IDWG in hemodialysis patients. The study used quasi experimental design, with pretest-posttest control group approach. The sample was selected by purposive sampling technique. The sample was 38 patients, divided into intervention group (22 patients) and control group (16 patients). The intervention of structured education was use pictures and videos by LCD projector and leaflets. IDWG was measured by weight observation, while self-efficacy by questionnaire. The statistical test used t-dependent and t-independent. The result showed that structured education increased self efficaccy to control fluid intake on inter dialysis time (p = 0.000, α = 0.05) and decreased IDWG value (p = 0.04, α = 0.05) in the intervention group. While the intervention increased self efficaccy to control fluid intake on inter dialysis  time (p = 0.03, α = 0.05) and decreased IDWG value (p=0,053, α=0,05) in the control group. The results of further analysis used an independent t-test, showed that there were not a significant differences in self-efficacy and IDWG (p> 0.05) between intervention and control group. The structured education caused an increasing of self-efficacy and a decreasing of IDWG value. Keyword : self efficacy, IDWG, structured education

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