scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Post-orphanage Adaptation of Orphaned Children Deprived of Parental Care: 20 Years Later

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
G.V. Semya

The article looks into the results of the comparative analysis of post-orphanage adaptation among the orphanages graduates of years 2001 (N=968) and 2021 (N=1792). Due to the active development of family-oriented forms of adoption of orphaned children, the year 2021 sample also included children graduates from foster families (N=1413). The study was conducted using the questionnaire from 2001 containing questions about major aspects of graduates' lives: life values and plans for the future, education, employment, family life, recreational activities, asocial behavior (with adjustments for the realities of today's legal system). Changes have been shown that occurred over 20 years in governmental policies toward orphan children and orphan graduates. Significant changes are observed in the graduates' subjective assessments of their own preparedness for independent living and of their psychological well-being. The comparative analysis revealed that only quantitative changes occurred in different aspects of their lives, while the list of the graduates' problems remained the same. Quite unexpectedly, it turned out that there are no significant differences for a number of adaptation parameters between graduates of organizations for orphaned children and those from substitute families of 2021. This can be explained by the fact that foster parents generally don't prepare their fostered children for independent living, whereas professionals of orphanage institutions support their ex-wards children until the latter turn 23.

Author(s):  
Oksana Germanovna PROKHOROVA ◽  
Igor Ashotovich AKOPYANTS ◽  
Vyacheslav Petrovich TIGROV

We present the experience in the formation of social success of orphaned children by means of additional education (circus art). The concept of social success is considered. It is noted that in the modern understanding of child social success there are objective and subjective aspects. Also noted that the basis of the educational process in the conditions of the center for the promotion of family education should be individual and personal development of pupils. Disclosed forms of work used in the School of Circus Arts named after Y.V. Nikulin, the formation of social success of orphaned children and children left without parental care. Groups of criteria for assessment of social success of pupils of the organization for orphaned children and children without parental care are presented: the first group of criteria is connected with direct social success of the pupil and includes level of development of communicative skills; level of socialization; success in development of subjects of additional education; participation in public activity, in actions of organization and out of walls of organization; achievements in educational and extra-curricular activity; acceptance of family values; motivation to maintaining a healthy lifestyle; the second group of criteria is related to the social success of graduates of the institution: professional self-determination; well-being in family life; participation in public activities; maintaining a healthy lifestyle; legal literacy, etc.; the third group of criteria is related to the evaluation of the institution's activities: maintaining the image and reputation of the institution; excluding secondary orphanhood among graduates; reducing the number of pupils prone to deviant behavior; family life forms of pupils.


2016 ◽  
pp. 397-414
Author(s):  
Magda Urbańska

A family is the basic envi­ronment of education and childcare. However, when parents are not able to fulfil care and educational functions, tasks of a natural family are performed by foster care, carried out among by fos­ter families. Admitting of the child to the own family is preceded by a process of qualifications and specialized training, organized for foster families by the or­ganizer of family foster care. But even the best theoretical training cannot pro­tect against a variety of behavioral prob­lems and care which foster parents en­counter, hence it becomes necessary to support and assistance the families who take the trouble to care for abandoned and orphaned children. The article pres­ents the measures implemented to sup­port foster families in the local commu­nity for the actions taken in 2012–2013 in the city of Rzeszów by the organizer of family foster care.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-151
Author(s):  
Friedegard Föltz

In the area of foster care concerning children and youth with special needs due to disability or medical fragility, there is a paucity of knowledge and research. In Germany, these groups in foster care who have high special needs are an invisible and neglected population at risk. These children and youth are mostly cared for in residential homes; however, some are living in foster families and benefit from a familial setting. The purpose of the study was to understand how foster parents manage their lives with a child or youth who has special needs, and how they meet the challenges that arise. The qualitative research design used the method of narrative inquiry through in-depth interviews, which were conducted in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt with 19 foster parents from 15 families. Within the framework of grounded theory, the author developed a theoretical structure of the strategies foster parents use for coping. Results showed that foster parents dealt with this new and often unpredictable situation by applying one of three patterns of strategies — action-, resource-, or reflection-oriented — based on their personal experiences and worldview. Understanding these behavioral patterns gives administrative and supportive entities like child welfare systems and agencies a unique and tailored approach to recruit, retain, train, and counsel foster families adequately, and to strengthen their well-being and their ability to perform well for themselves and their children and youth.


2020 ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
Анжелика Николаевна Пронина ◽  
Светлана Витальевна Маркова ◽  
Любовь Николаевна Мартынова

Представлен обзор основных исследований, посвященных изучению городских и сельских приемных семей, приводится статистика устройства детей в приемные семьи в крупных городах и сельской местности. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении видов и взаимосвязи жизненных ценностей родителей и подростков в приемных семьях мегаполисов и сельской местности. Экспериментальное исследование направлено на выявление специфики жизненных ценностей, направленности личности приемных родителей мегаполиса и сельской местности. Исследованием было охвачено 156 приемных родителей мегаполиса и 148 приемных родителей сельской местности, 112 подростков, проживающих с приемными родителями мегаполиса, и 98 подростков, проживающих с приемными родителями в сельской местности, в возрасте 14–15 лет. Исследование жизненных ценностей, жизнестойкости приемных родителей и подростков осуществлялось посредством методики М. Рокича. Для изучения взаимосвязей между жизненными ценностями приемных родителей и подростков применялся критерий Спирмена (p). Выявлены предпочитаемые терминальные ценности и инструментальные ценности приемных родителей и подростков мегаполиса и сельской местности. Показаны равнозначные ранги, имеющие значение для приемных родителей и подростков мегаполиса по терминальным ценностям: здоровье, материально обеспеченная жизнь; расхождения обнаружены по таким ценностям, как жизненная мудрость, свобода, наличие хороших и верных друзей, познание. Получено совпадение по инструментальным ценностям – честность и образованность. Отмечено наличие совпадений у приемных родителей и подростков сельской местности по шкалам терминальных ценностей – здоровье, интересная работа, красота природы, счастливая семейная жизнь, счастье других, творчество, уверенность. Обнаружено совпадение по инструментальным ценностям – терпимость, смелость, эффективность, твердая воля, образованность, широта взглядов. Установлены взаимосвязи между инструментальными ценностями приемных родителей и подростков в приемных семьях мегаполиса и сельской местности, терминальными ценностями родителей и подростков в приемных семьях сельской местности и отсутствие таких связей в приемных семьях мегаполиса. Сделаны выводы о наиболее значимых факторах, влияющих на наличие и отсутствие взаимосвязей между родителями и подростками из приемных семей мегаполиса и сельской местности, таких как образ жизни, семейные традиции. Полученные результаты могут быть применены при отборе, подготовке и сопровождении приемных родителей в Центрах комплексного сопровождения замещающих семей. The authors present a review of the main studies devoted to the study of urban and rural foster families. Also they provide statistics on the placement of children in foster families in large cities and rural areas. The aim of the study was to identify the types and relationship of life values of parents and teenagers in foster families of metropolis and the countryside. The aim of experimental study is to identify the specifics of life values, the personality orientation of the adoptive parents of the metropolis and the countryside. The study covered 156 foster parents of the metropolis and 148 foster parents of the countryside, 112 teenagers living with foster parents of the metropolis, and 98 adolescents living with foster parents in the countryside, aged 14–15 years. The study of life values, resilience of foster parents and teenagers was carried out through the methodology of M. Rokich. To study the relationship between the life values of foster parents and adolescents, the Spearman criterion (p) was used. The authors of the real study have revealed the preferred terminal values and instrumental values of adoptive parents and teenagers of the metropolis and the countryside. They have also identified the equivalent ranks which are important for adoptive parents and teenagers of a metropolis according to terminal values: health, material well-being. The ones have found the discrepancies in such values as life wisdom, freedom, the presence of good and faithful friends, knowledge. The coincidence of instrumental values is honesty, education. The authors noted that there were coincidences between adoptive parents and teenagers of the countryside on the scales of terminal values – health, interesting work, the beauty of nature, a happy family life, the happiness of others, creativity, confidence. There was a coincidence in instrumental values – tolerance, courage, efficiency, firm will, education, breadth of views. The researches have established the interconnections between instrumental values of foster parents and teenagers in foster families of the metropolis and the countryside, the terminal values of parents and teenagers in foster families of the countryside and the absence of such connections in foster families of the metropolis. The researches have concluded the most significant factors affecting the presence and absence of relationships between parents and teenagers from foster families of the metropolis and the countryside are lifestyle, family traditions. The results can be applied in the selection, training and support of foster parents in the centers of comprehensive support of foster families.


2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Ольга Иванова ◽  
Olga Ivanova

The article is devoted to the question of external assistance to foster families. While in an orphanage a child in need of aid falls into the target audience of the activities of charities and other organizations. Orphanages are well informed. There is a well-established system of interaction of orphanages with the guardianship and charitable organizations. The hierarchy system of care for orphans allows, at the initiative of the teachers and administrative staff, to cope with the problems associated with the pedagogical process in the child’s upbringing, with the status of orphans residing at the institution. However, there may be problems in attracting external assistance: more stringent are the requirements for those people who are willing to volunteer and work with children. When the child releases into the foster care, his status changes, and foster parents are forced to decide difficult questions arise concerning the health, education, further education, household needs, physical, psychological and socio-cultural adaptation of the child. In blood family, the child is in the stages of preparation for independent living gradually. Adoptive parents are forced into raising a child who already has social experience, and often negative. In the public mind the question of assistance of various kinds, such a child is not as acute: there is a man who took upon himself the authority of the care of the minor, this is his foster parent (foster parents). It is necessary to inform foster parents about what funds are working with orphans; what is the target audience of the Fund, and how it can help prepare a foster child for future life. In the article there is the possibility of application to various funds on solving some of the problems, as well as for positive pedagogical effect of the process of obtaining external assistance. In addition, the article provides an example of the activities of the Center foster families “Tenderness” in the village of Vyritsa of the Leningrad region, which is a unique community of foster families, leading activities to foster children and their preparation for future life through support.


Author(s):  
Maria Rosario T. de Guzman ◽  
Aileen S. Garcia ◽  
Irene O. Padasas ◽  
Bernice Vania N. Landoy

A large body of empirical work has shown the role that parenting plays in the development of prosocial behaviors of children. Parenting styles (e.g., democratic versus authoritarian) and parenting practices (e.g., inductive discipline versus guilt-shame induction) in particular have been empirically linked to prosocial behaviors as well as numerous other well-being indicators in children. What is less understood is the role that culture and cultural context might play in the parenting-prosocial nexus. This chapter explores the contributions of culture comparative and in-depth cultural studies of parenting and children’s prosocial behaviors. These studies extend the range of variability of parenting dimensions and contexts as they relate to children’s prosocial outcomes – providing a means of testing the generalizability of theory in a wider range of settings, as well as in identifying facets of parenting and family life that may otherwise be neglected in current scholarship. Collectively, studies support traditional socialization theories and show how numerous parenting dimensions are linked to prosocial outcomes in children in several cultural communities. Nonetheless, emerging research suggests culturally embedded processes that impact upon the parenting and prosocial link - meriting closer attention for future scholarship.


Author(s):  
Sabrina Chodura ◽  
Arnold Lohaus ◽  
Tabea Symanzik ◽  
Nina Heinrichs ◽  
Kerstin Konrad

AbstractChildren in foster care (CFC) are at increased risk for negative developmental outcomes. Given the potential influence of foster parents’ parenting on the development of CFC, this literature review and meta-analysis provide an initial overview of how parenting factors in foster families relate to CFC’s developmental outcomes. We aimed to explore (1) whether foster parents’ parenting conceptualizations are related differently to various CFC developmental outcome variables and (2) how characteristics of foster parents and CFC moderate these associations. Following the recommendations of the PRISMA statement, we searched four databases in 2017 (with an update in May 2020). Forty-three primary studies were coded manually. The interrater agreement was 92.1%. Parenting variables were specified as parenting behavior, style, and goals and were distinguished further into functional and dysfunctional parenting. CFC development was divided into adaptive (including cognitive) development and maladaptive development. Meta-analyses could be performed for foster parenting behavior and developmental outcomes, as well as for functional parenting goals and maladaptive socioemotional outcomes in CFC. Associations between functional parenting behavior and adaptive child development were positive and negative for maladaptive child development, respectively. For dysfunctional, parenting effects were in the opposite direction. All effects were small to moderate. Similar results were found descriptively in the associations of parenting style and child developmental outcomes. We found similar effect sizes and directions of the associations between parenting behavior in foster families and the child’s developmental outcomes as those previously reported for biological families. These findings provide strong support for the significant role of parenting in foster families regarding children’s development in foster care.


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