scholarly journals YOUNG PEOPLE UP TO 24 YEARS ON THE LABOUR MARKET IN A SMALL SLOVAK TOWN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Daniel Markovič ◽  
Viktor Tomlák ◽  
Soňa Šrobárová ◽  
Zuzana Gejdošová
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
Social Pedagogues

Social pedagogy offers a wide multidisciplinary range to prevent and tackle youth unemployment. In this paper, we want to broaden the knowledge for social pedagogues in the areas of young people in the labour market and youth unemployment. The aim of the research is to identify the experience of respondents in the labour market in the district of Ruzomberok. It is a district in Slovakia far from the capital and regional centres. Most of the district´s inhabitants live in villages, fewer inhabitants in a town of Ružomberok. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 100 respondents. There are 50 young people up to 24 years old, who are currently active in the labour market. Furthermore, there are persons unemployed, registered at the Office of Labour, Social Affairs and Family in Ružomberok, with an age limit of up to 24 years, representing the same number of 50 respondents. We explored the social context; we set two hypotheses: There is a statistically significant difference in the status of the labour market with respect to the respondents' residence. There is a statistically significant difference in the status of the labour market relative to the gender of respondents. To verify the hypotheses, we used the Chi-Square-2 variable test. The hypotheses were not confirmed. 

The Diverse Practice of Social Pedagogues: Case Examples From Denmark, Scotland, and Germany

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Surel ◽  
Sarah Douglas ◽  
Andy Finley ◽  
Alexandra Priver
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Pedagogues

Guest Editors' NoteAs a holistic way of working with children and young people to develop their learning and wellbeing, their inter-and independence, social pedagogy is widely practised across many European countries. While the ways in which it is practiced will differ — depending on the cultural context and setting — there are also common threads that connect the social pedagogic traditions found in several countries. Hämäläinen (2003) suggests that ‘social pedagogy has a certain perspective of its own [which] cannot be reduced to a set of simple pedagogical methods, but should be understood as an educational orientation in which the world, people, society, social problems and social work are observed through “social pedagogical” glasses, as it were’ (p. 76).

scholarly journals Phenotypic Detection of Carbapenemase Production in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae by Modified Hodge Test and Modified Strip Carba NP Test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Patidar ◽  
Nitya Vyas ◽  
Shanoo Sharma ◽  
Babita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Abstract Objective Carbapenems are last resort antibiotics for multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. However, resistance to carbapenem is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide leading to major therapeutic failures and increased mortality rate. Early and effective detection of carbapenemase producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is therefore key to control dissemination of carbapenem resistance in nosocomial as well as community-acquired infection. The aim of present study was to evaluate efficacy of Modified strip Carba NP (CNP) test against Modified Hodge test (MHT) for early detection of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). Material and Methods Enterobacteriaceae isolated from various clinical samples were screened for carbapenem resistance. A total of 107 CRE were subjected to MHT and Modified strip CNP test for the detection of CPE. Statistical Analysis It was done on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, IBM India; version V26. Nonparametric test chi-square and Z-test were used to analyze the results within a 95% level of confidence. Results Out of 107 CRE, 94 (88%) were phenotypically confirmed as carbapenemase producer by Modified strip CNP test and 46 (43%) were confirmed by Modified Hodge Test (MHT). Thirty-eight (36%) isolates showed carbapenemase production by both MHT and CNP test, 56 isolates (52%) were CNP test positive but MHT negative, eight (7%) isolates were MHT positive but CNP test negative and five (5%) isolates were both MHT and CNP test negative. There is statistically significant difference in efficiency of Modified CNP test and MHT (p < 0.05). Conclusion Modified strip CNP test is simple and inexpensive test which is easy to perform and interpret and gives rapid results in less than 5 minutes. It has high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Modified strip CNP test shows significantly higher detection capacity for carbapenemase producers as compared with MHT.

scholarly journals An Insight into Histopathologic Examination as a Gold Standard for the Diagnosis of Chronic Apical Periodontitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Monea ◽  
Anca Maria Pop ◽  
Veronica Grozescu ◽  
Alexandra Stoica ◽  
Simona Mocanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Histologic Examination ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status

AbstractObjective: The purpose of our study was to determine the level of correlation between histopathologic results after surgery for chronic apical periodontitis and the radiographic and clinical diagnosis. The status of gold standard technique of histologic examination was evaluated in the diagnosis of apical radiolucency in necrotic teeth.Methods: Out of 154 patients with incorrect root fillings and apical radiolucency included in an endodontic retreatment protocol, 87 patients (108 teeth) were scheduled for apical surgery at 3-6 months control recall. Clinical and radiographic exams were completed prior to surgery and compared to the histological results of apical biopsies. The collected data were statistically analyzed with the SPSS version 20.0 and the Chi-square test was used to determine the associations between clinical and histologic diagnosis. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the number of cases diagnosed as granulomas or cysts during clinical and radiological evaluation compared to histologic evaluation of tissue samples, with 40.9% to 75.9% and 54.2% to 16.8% respectively (p<0.05).Conclusions: The final diagnosis was obtained only after histologic examination of apical tissue samples, which means that the observations made based on radiologic investigations must be confirmed by biopsy.

Which countries perform best and why?

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-90
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Labour Market Situation ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Youth Labour Market ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The Uk

This chapter examines countries' performance regarding youth unemployment. Although the labour market situation of young people has started to improve in a number of countries since the Great Recession of 2007–8, youth unemployment still remains very high across Europe. High youth unemployment rates reflect young people's difficulties in securing employment, or the inefficiency of the labour market. Germany and the Netherlands have established the most effective institutions to achieve a high integration of 15–19 year-olds in education and employment. Indeed, both Germany and the Netherlands are amongst the highest performing countries in the EU for making sure their young people are in employment. Austria and Denmark also achieve good youth labour market and employment outcomes. Meanwhile, countries like France and the UK try to facilitate school-to-work (STW) transitions by lowering labour costs through subsidies or low employment protection.

Treasuring the Social in Social Pedagogy

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vulnerable People ◽  
Management Positions ◽  
Outcomes For Children

Robyn is a UK-qualified social worker who has a deeply held passion for, and some 30 years of experience working with disenfranchised and/or vulnerable people and children and young people in care. She has a strong interest in social pedagogy and residential childcare both operationally and strategically. Since 1995, she has been in a variety of management positions and has developed and delivered training, conferences, workshops and consultancy on children's social work and social care for the statutory, voluntary and independent sectors. Her work has aimed at improving both the experiences and outcomes for children and young people in or on the edge of care and raising the profile of those affected by, and working within, the social work and social care sectors.

Social Pedagogy: What Questions Can We Ask About Its Value and Effectiveness?

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Public Care ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Cross National

Social pedagogy is a field of professional practice associated with the care and education of young children, support of young people, and with family support that has an established place in many continental European countries. It has attracted attention in the United Kingdom (UK) for its potential relevance to the policy ambition of improving the generally poor educational and social outcomes for young people in public care. In this article, I discuss some issues arising from the task of establishing the value, or effectiveness, of the social pedagogic approach. Using findings from cross-national studies, I argue that there are various problems with measuring the ‘effectiveness’ of social pedagogy, but that in countries where social pedagogy is well established and supported by a policy and cultural context, its role in supporting children and families is highly valued. I conclude by considering some implications for the introduction of social pedagogy into the UK.

scholarly journals Oral Hygiene and Nutrition Habits of Young People in Greece Aged 18 to 25 and Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Georgios S Chatzopoulos ◽  
Vasiliki P. Koidou
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Nutrition Habits ◽  
Medium Hardness

SUMMARYPurpose: The aim of this paper is to document the oral hygiene and nutrition habits of young people (aged 18 to 25) in Greece.Material and Methods: In a random sample of 100 people in Greece aged 18 to 25, a questionnaire including 23 questions (4 demographical and 19 other) was given. The frequency, the usual reason for visiting the dentist, the frequency of brushing, the type of toothbrush and the criteria for choosing toothbrush and toothpaste were searched. The nutrition habits were recorded as frequency in receiving sugar or no sugar meals during the day. The statistical analysis included frequencies and the use of chi-square test for interrelation with the demographical questions.Results: 72% of the sample visits the dentist at least once a year, while the reason for visiting was prevention in 69%. 85% brushes at least twice a day, and the same percentage uses medium hardness toothbrush. The choice of the toothpaste is based on flavour and fragrance in 25%. The frequency of receiving sugar meals was recorded as 45% once daily and 43% in 2 or 3 times daily (p<0.05 between smokers and non smokers). 78% of the young people receives less than 5 meals and snacks per day. There was no statistically significant difference between different available monthly budgets in the sample for the oral hygiene and nutrition habits.Conclusion: More than 1/3 of young people in Greece aged 18 to 25 visits the dentist at least once yearly for prevention and uses medium hardness toothbrush. The frequency of sugar consumption was significantly higher in smokers when compared to non smokers. Statistically significant differences were not observed between males and females except for the frequency in brushing (p<0.05). A review of the literature was performed for issues related to this project.

scholarly journals Een verloren generatie van jongeren op de arbeidsmarkt?

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten H.J. Wolbers
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Lost Generation ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Labour Market Entry

A lost generation of youth in the labour market? A lost generation of youth in the labour market? After the economic crisis of the 1980s concerns have been raised whether the high youth unemployment during that period produced a ‘lost generation’ of young people. The same question has been asked recently after the emergence of the currently high youth unemployment. But how justified is this issue? In order to find this out, it is investigated in this article to what extent recent cohorts of young people are (permanently) disadvantaged by high unemployment levels at labour market entry. To address this question, repeated cross-sections from the Labour Force Survey (1993-2011) were used and pseudo-panel analysis was applied in order to ‘follow’ labour market entry cohorts during the early career. The results show that labour market entry in times of high unemployment has negative effects on later employment opportunities and occupational status attainment. However, these negative effects disappear after a few years in the labour market. These findings imply that the negative effects of high unemployment at labour market entry are not permanent, but diminish during the early career. All in all, young people experience negative effects of labour market entry in times of high unemployment, but these effects do not produce a lost generation.

scholarly journals Stratification of Youth Employment and Departure Abroad with the Purpose of Work: Kazakhstan and Neighboring Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Ingkar Matzhanova ◽  
Zhomart Simtikov ◽  
Alima Kairbekova ◽  
Karlygash Matzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
General Welfare ◽  
The Social ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
And Migration

Recently, especially given the consequences of COVID-19, external migration processes have become more intense. In Kazakhstan and other neighboring post-Soviet countries, a certain social imbalance is associated with the protracted transition period from the Soviet past to the social order and economy of the future. A widening gap exists between the countries of this region associated with geopolitics; for example, states have to choose the Western or Eastern geopolitical vector of development. Russia has a dramatic effect on the development, economy, and migration of neighboring states with a weaker economy. In this regard, the research focuses on the study of key drivers, factors, and reasons affecting this imbalance in the context of the social strata of Kazakhstan. Based on economic and statistical analysis methods, the study analyzes the current migration situation in Kazakhstan and the CIS region, assesses the level of adaptation of citizens of Kazakhstan to the changing environment and globalization that affects the young population; the mechanism of the influence of regional vectors of geopolitics on Kazakhstan is also determined. Apart from this, the current work examines the propensity of young people to migrate abroad (expressed using an integrated indicator) and provides a regression analysis of factors affecting its level. This allowed assessing the degree of influence of the youth unemployment rate and the general welfare of the country on the inclination to go overseas to find a better job. The paper concludes by arguing that the level of unemployment among the young population has a significant impact on its tendency to migrate. In particular, in Kazakhstan, migration abroad is primarily connected with the possibility to get better career prospects and living conditions provided by the host countries.The research results could be used to manage socio-political and socio-economic issues related to the migration of young people in Kazakhstan and neighboring countries and conduct further research related to analyzing macroeconomic indicators and other factors affecting migration processes.

scholarly journals Relational analysis of the phenomenon of early school leaving: A habitus typology

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 398-411
Author(s):  
Erna Nairz-Wirth ◽  
Marie Gitschthaler
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Early School Leaving ◽  
Social Positioning ◽  
Early School ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Displacement Processes

Although there is an extensive body of literature on the causes and consequences of early school leaving (ESL), little is known of how early school leavers cope with their situation after having left the education system. This paper’s main objective is to fill this research gap. At first we look at developments in the social positioning of early school leavers in Austria that show that their situation has deteriorated not only because of changes in the labour market (e.g. due to globalization) but also because of displacement processes that are influenced by habitus formation and capital endowment. Drawing on Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus and capital, we explored the situation of young people who had left school early. We used a multi-perspective approach and conducted 123 narrative interviews which we analysed by grouping cases that demonstrated similar social practice and perception patterns generated by a set of socially learned dispositions. Thus we were able to reconstruct a habitus typology consisting of seven different types: the ‘ambitious’, the ‘status-oriented’, the ‘non-conformist’, the ‘disoriented’, the ‘resigned’, the ‘escapist’ and the ‘caring’. How young people experience stigmatization is the common thread that runs through all seven habitus types.

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