scholarly journals Vitamin status of patients with certain chronic non-communicable diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Khaider Kh. Sharafetdinov ◽  
Vera M. Kodentsova ◽  
Oksana A. Vrzhesinskaya ◽  
Olga V. Kosheleva ◽  
Nina A. Beketova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Vitamin Deficiency ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Vitamin Status ◽  
Single Person ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Effective Doses

Background. Inadequate supply with vitamins is a risk factor for the development of many nutritionally-related diseases and their progression. Data on the actual vitamin status of patients are necessary to develop measures for its improvement. Aim. To characterize the supply of persons with non-communicable diseases with vitamins A, E, C, B2 and -carotene by determining their level in the blood of patients. Material and methods. The blood serum level of vitamins C, A, E, B2 and -carotene in 138 patients (41 men and 97 women) 2280 years old with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, gastrointestinal diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), osteoarthrosis has been determined. Results. Vitamin C concentration corresponded to adequate status in approximately 2/3 of the examined patients; among patients with T2DM, such sufficiency occurred 1.61.9 fold less often than in other groups. The frequency of reduced levels of vitamins C, A and E was statistically significantly more frequent in patients with gastrointestinal diseases. The -/-tocopherol ratio in the serum of patients in all groups was close to 1:50, while in patients with gastrointestinal diseases reached 1:60.7. The proportion of patients sufficiently supplied with all studied vitamins ranged from 15.8 to 70.0%. Patients with osteoarthrosis were best of all provided with all vitamins: multiple (3 or more vitamins) vitamin deficiency was not found. In other groups of patients, multiple vitamin deficiency occurred in 5.327.6% of the examined (an average of 16.4%). Among patients with gastrointestinal diseases there was not a single person sufficiently provided with all the studied vitamins. Multiple vitamin deficiency in patients with gastrointestinal diseases was detected more often (p 0.01) compared with patients with T2DM and osteoarthrosis. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, it is possible to extrapolate that a significant proportion of patients with a combined deficiency of 2 vitamins (6.931.6% in the samples examined) will move into the category of persons with a simultaneous deficiency of 3 vitamins. Conclusion. The purposeful development of supplements containing effective doses of vitamins for various nosologies is necessary.

Multiple behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases among adolescents in four Caribbean countries: prevalence and correlates

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors ◽  
Fast Food Consumption ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Objectives The study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adolescents in four Caribbean countries. Content In all 9,143 adolescents (15 years = median age) participated in the cross-sectional “2016 Dominican Republic, 2016 Suriname, 2017 Jamaica, and 2017 Trinidad and Tobago Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)”. Eight behavioural risk factors of NCDs were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Summary Prevalence of each behavioural NCD risk factor was physical inactivity (84.2%), inadequate fruit and vegetable intake (82.2%), leisure-time sedentary behaviour (49.6%), daily ≥2 soft drinks intake (46.8%), ever drunk (28.6%), twice or more days a week fast food consumption (27.6%), having overweight/obesity (27.4%), and current tobacco use (13.8%). Students had on average 3.6 (SD=1.4), and 79.0% had 3–8 behavioural NCD risk factors. In multivariable linear regression, psychological distress and older age increased the odds, and attending school and parental support decreased the odds of multiple behavioural NCD risk factors. Outlook A high prevalence and co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors of NCDs was discovered and several factors independently contributing to multiple behavioural NCD risk factors were identified.

scholarly journals How to tackle the growing problem of type 2 diabetes in the European Union?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
N M Mahrouseh ◽  
D W Njuguna ◽  
O A Varga
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
European Union ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Background There is an alerting increase in the population affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the European Union (EU) with significant socioeconomic burden. According to an estimation by the International Diabetes Federation, by 2030, the total number of diabetic patients will be 38 million in EU. The “screen and treat” strategies that predominantly applied in policies to prevent T2DM have not achieved significant success, as reported by a large systematic review and meta-analysis published in 2017. Although the member states of the EU have almost full responsibilities for actions in the field of health, the EU has to tackle non-communicable diseases by targeting health determinants and lifestyle mostly through non-binding policies. The goal of this work is to review the T2DM prevention policies in the EU and compare with tobacco policies, from a legal perspective. Methods Following the systematic search and screening of policies from EUR-lex, a content analysis was carried out by using MonQcle as publicly available legal text document analysis platform, by two coders. The search was limited for regulations, directives and white papers. Results Our data collection consisted of 19 documents including 10 regulations, 6 directives and 3 white papers with relevance to T2DM, covering the following topics: health infrastructure and services, informational policies, economic policies, environmental policies, command and control and social policies. The identified policies covered the time frame of 1972 to 2020. Diabetes was targeted as part of non-communicable diseases. None of the policies was legally binding addressing T2DM directly which is in sharp contrast to the tobacco control policies in the EU. Conclusions T2DM, in fact, is largely preventable. EU institutions should consider to reframe T2DM prevention strategies and consider applying a wide range of population-level legislative and innovative actions to prevent T2DM e.g. taxes on unhealthy food products. Key messages T2DM is a largely preventable disease, effective legal tools should be created and applied matching the scale of such public health problem. T2DM policies of the EU may be subject to change due to additional value of actions taken by the EU compared to that could have been achieved by member states alone.

Association of Pro-inflammatory Diet With Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension; Results From RaNCD Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Arbabi Jam ◽  
Shahab Rezaeian ◽  
Farid Najafi ◽  
Behroz Hamze ◽  
Ebrahim Shakiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Background: Dietary factors and inflammation are associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is a developed validated assessment tool. This study was conducted to assessed association of DII with the hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was performed on 9,811 participants of 35 to 65 years of the base-line phase data of Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study. The DII was calculated using 31 parameters food of food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The estimates were performed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression.Results: The mean DII scores in healthy participants was -2.32± 1.60, in participant with T2DM, hypertension and both were -2.23± 1.59, -2.45± 1.60 and -2.25± 1.60, respectively (P= 0.011). Pre-inflammatory diet was significantly higher in male compared to female (P<0.001). In the most pro-inflammatory diet was significantly higher BMI (body mass index), triglyceride, energy intake, smokers; and was significantly lower socio-economic status (SES), physical activity and HDL-C compared to the most anti-inflammatory diet. Participants with T2DM, hypertension and comorbidity had a significantly higher mean of anthropometry indices (P<0.001) and lipid profile compared to healthy subjects (P<0.001). After adjustment for age, sex and physical activity, the odds of T2DM in the fourth quartile of DII was 1.48 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.85) times higher compared to the first quartile of DII. Conclusions: Pro-inflammatory diet was weak associations with hypertension. Pro-inflammatory diet was significant associations with increasing T2DM and its related risk factors. Modification of diet and lifestyle is suggested to reduce inflammation.

scholarly journals Rising prevalence of diabetes: evidence from the national registry in North Macedonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Stamenova ◽  
G Stevanovski ◽  
M Spasovski
Keyword(s):  
Late Onset ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Background Disease reporting and data collection are key tools for the health care systems in order to identify opportunities to address burden of diseases. The country’s diabetes patients register was the first registry to be integrated with the e-health system in North Macedonia in 2017. We aimed to estimate type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence and effectiveness of diabetes control as one of the proposed national priorities in tackling the non-communicable diseases. Methods Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on patients entered in the National Diabetes Register in 2017/2018. Patients’ socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics in association with diabetes’ complications and outcomes were determined by Pearson correlation coefficient (P &lt; 0.0001, 95% CI). Results This study identified a total of 35541 patients with a diagnosis of diabetes, out of which 32888 with type 2. This corresponds to a prevalence rate of 1583.9 per 100,000 population. The prevalence increased with age (65+) and was higher among females than males (56.8% vs. 43.2%). Over 80% of type 2 patients were overweight out of which 34.5% obese (BMI&gt;30kg/m2). Diabetic retinopathy is reported as first diagnosed complication in diabetic patients, followed by neuropathies and vascular complications. Patient’s low level of education and higher BMI were associated with increased number of early and late-onset complications. Conclusions Evidence accumulating suggests high burden of complications in type 2 diabetic patients, indicating that the patients understanding of diabetes care, treatment adherence and healthy lifestyle are important topics to be address by health professionals in order to avoid complications and premature deaths in people with diabetes. Key messages Integrated reporting of non-communicable diseases and risk factors is needed to complete current information gaps, from completeness of data to quality and comparability. The action plan for chronic diseases should specifically address diabetes control, as most of the patients with diabetes have high prevalence of comorbidities, complications and unfortunate outcomes.

scholarly journals High prevalence of non-communicable diseases and associated risk factors amongst adults living with HIV in Cambodia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e0187591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pheak Chhoun ◽  
Sovannary Tuot ◽  
Anthony D. Harries ◽  
Nang Thu Thu Kyaw ◽  
Khuondyla Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals General Practitioners’ Autonomy in the Management of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in the JKN Era: Is It Feasible?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Nur Afrainin Syah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Increase Life Expectancy ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Demographic, epidemiological, and nutritional transitions increase life expectancy, changes in lifestyles and behaviors of Indonesian people. These changes are resulting in a growing contribution of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) to morbidity and mortality, especially metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Approximately 10.9% of the Indonesian population above 15 years old suffers from type 2 DM (21.2 million) and 34.1% have hypertension (66.3 million) in 2018. These figures increase significantly from 2013 figure; 6.9% and 25.8% respectively1. The metabolic disorders, which in turn, are responsible for vascular problems such as renal failure, stroke, and heart attack. Not surprisingly, then, 60% of Indonesian national health insurance (JKN) funds are spent on the NCDs. This condition causes a deficit and threatens the sustainability of the JKN program.

scholarly journals Mortality and Risk Factors in Patients With COVID-19 in Ecuador: A Cross-Sectional Analytic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edy Rolando Quizhpe Ordoñez ◽  
Eduardo Montalvo ◽  
Maritza Paez ◽  
Tatiana Guevara ◽  
Danny Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Latin America ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Analytic Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background: In Ecuador, a high mortality was observed during the maximum peak of COVID-19 cases in spring/summer 2020. Thus, 10000 thousand more deaths were registered in 2020 compared to 2019 in the same period time. A few researchers in Latin America have identified clinical conditions that could be associated with severity and mortality of this disease. The aim of this study was to describe main clinical characteristics and risk factors in patients with COVID-19 in the Ecuadorian context. Methods: A cross sectional analytic study was conducted from March to July 2020. Adult patients with COVID-19 confirmed by PCR test and admitted in emergency service was included in this study. Descriptive statistical measures were computed, and Chi-squared and logistic regression were performed to analyze associations between categorical variables. Results: The main results of 157 patients, showed that had a high prevalence of comorbidities (45%), and the case-fatality rate in this group was around 37%. Hypertension (17.83%) and diabetes (14.65%) were the most prevalent chronic diseases with a significant difference between sex groups (p value 0.00). Risk factor such as age more than 65 years, presence of comorbidities such as non-communicable diseases, and abnormalities in blood markers like urea, AST, lactate, leucocytes, PO2 and D-dimer increased risk to die in this population. Conclusions: The elevated prevalence of non-communicable diseases (hypertension and diabetes) contributed to a high mortality in adult patients with COVID-19. Huge challenges must face health care systems in the Latin America countries due to the high prevalence of these diseases.

scholarly journals Physical activity and medication in Brazilians suffering with non-communicable diseases in quarantine by COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Doro ◽  
Yara Ferreira Marques ◽  
Heitor Felipe Cantarinho de Lima ◽  
Willian De Oliveira Caccalano ◽  
Aide Angélica De Oliveira Nessi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Profile ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Isolation Period

This study aimed to compare the practice of physical activity in groups of people with chronic diseases with and without medication, before and during the pandemic. 298 Brazilian individuals with chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular, metabolic / endocrine, respiratory, orthopedic, gastrointestinal diseases, anxiety and depression were separated into two groups: with and without medication. A questionnaire with 14 questions was applied, tracing the behavioral profile in relation to physical exercises before and during isolation, interpreted through descriptive analysis, and the groups were compared through Mann-Whitman’s statistics. The drop in the percentage of active individuals with or without medication occurred when comparing the scenarios before and during quarantine. However, the difference in the prevalence of active individuals between the groups was significant, showing that the group with medication remained more active. The fear of contamination, the measures of distance and the lack of adherence of the population to classes by videoconference reduced the frequency of physical activities in the general sample population. However, people who used medication showed greater concern about the practice of physical activity to optimize treatment. The isolation period had a negative impact on the practice of physical activity, regardless of the presence of some chronic disease or the use of medication.

scholarly journals Protocol: The effect of whole-grain dietary intake on non-communicable diseases: A systematic review, multivariate meta-analysis and dose-response of prospective cohorts, cross-sectional, case-control and intervention studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasim A Iqbal ◽  
Gavin B Stewart ◽  
Abigail J Smith ◽  
Chris J Seal
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Multiple Biomarkers ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Prospective Cohorts

The proposed protocol is for a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of whole-grains (WG) on non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and obesity. The primary objectives is to explore the mechanisms of WG intake on multiple biomarkers of NCDs such as fasting glucose, fasting insulin and many others. The secondary objective will look at the dose-response relationship between these various mechanisms. The protocol outlines the motive and scope for the review, and methodology including the risk of bias, statistical analysis, screening and study criteria.

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