scholarly journals Clinical Features of First-episode Psychoses During the COVID-19 Pandemic

10.17816/cp85 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Zyablov ◽  
Mikhail A. Gusev ◽  
Vasilyi S. Chizhikov
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
And Control

INTRODUCTION: The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection has become one of the most significant global social shocks in the past decade. It influenced the lifestyle of many people, including those with mental disorders. AIM: To compare the psychopathological structure of psychotic states in young patients (up to 40 years old) with first-episode psychosis before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The research was conducted at the First psychotic episode clinic of the Mental-health clinic No. 1 n.a. N.A. Alexeev, Moscow, Russia. In total, 66 patients were enrolled, who met the inclusion criteria: first-in-life admission to a mental healthcare unit that occurred during the spring of 2019 (control group) or spring 2020 (experimental group), diagnosis on admission that belonged to the group Acute and transient psychotic disorders (F23.XX) of ICD-10. Patients with a disability or concurrent somatic or neurologic conditions were excluded from the study. Assessment of clinical and psychopathological characteristics with the allocation of the leading syndrome within the psychotic state, psychometric assessment according to the PANSS scale was carried out, the above indicators were compared between the experimental and control group. RESULTS: We observed statistically insignificant increase in the rates of affective and catatonic subtypes of psychoses, a decrease in the rate of the delusional subtype of paranoid syndrome. PANSS scores differed significantly for different clinical subtypes of psychoses, although the differences between the experimental and control groups showed no statistical significance. Additionally, in spring 2020, a considerable decrease in the total number of hospitalizations was revealed. CONCLUSIONS: The differences in the clinical and psychopathological structure of psychotic states revealed during the COVID-19 pandemic were statistically insignificant. Additional results of the study may indicate a decrease in the availability of mental healthcare for patients with psychoses, which requires further investigation.

Risk of Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults with Rheumatic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Anna Kostiukow ◽  
Wojciech Strzelecki ◽  
Mateusz W. Romanowski ◽  
Marta Rosołek ◽  
Ewa Mojs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Control Group

Introduction: The study is aimed at drawing the attention of the medical environment to the mental health aspects of young patients as a factor that significantly influences the efficiency of their rheumatic disease treatment. Aim: This paper is to check the risk of depression among a group of adolescents and young adults with rheumatic diseases. Material and Methods: The study was conducted among a group of 68 late adolescents and young adults (18-22 years old) with rheumatic diseases. The control group consisted of 102 young people (18-22 years old) without a diagnosed chronic disease. Risk of depression was measured using a screening tool – the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS). Results: The analysis showed that the probability of depression in the study group was 35.3%. In the control group, this rate was 19.6%. The results were statistical significance (p=0.028). Conclusions: The results of this study prove that the risk of depression among adolescents and young adults with rheumatic diseases is significantly higher than in healthy young people. The highest risk of depression is related to feeling tired, fatigue, low energy levels and lack of motivation as well as feeling worried, nervous, panicky, tense, keyed-up and anxious.

Combined Factor V Leiden (R506Q) and prothrombin G20210A genotyping in young patients presenting with deep venous thrombosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mansilha ◽  
F Araújo ◽  
M Severo ◽  
S M Sampaio ◽  
T Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Young People ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Factor V Leiden Mutation

Objective: To evaluate the association between the Factor V Leiden (FV R506Q) and prothrombin gene (FII G20210A) mutations and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in young people. Methods: Blood samples were drawn from 199 subjects: 100 healthy controls and 99 unselected patients, with an objectively documented first episode of DVT under 40 years old. DNA analysis was performed using the polymerase chain reaction. Results: The mean age in the patient cohort was 27 years (range 16–40) and 68 (68.7%) were women. Patient prevalences were 20.6% and 10.1% for FV R506Q and FII G20210A, respectively. In the control group, carrier frequencies were 2% and 5%, respectively. We found an increased overall relative risk of DVT with statistical significance for FV R506Q carriers (OR: 12.8; 95% CI: 2.9–56.7; P < 0.001), but not for FII G20210A mutation (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 0.7–6.5; P = 0.19). Conclusions: Our results suggest a possible increase in DVT risk for the young G20210A allele carriers, which can be more expressed in the presence of a circumstantial risk factor. There is extremely strong evidence that the Factor V Leiden mutation is an important risk factor in the development of a first episode of DVT in young people.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION TO REDUCE SELF-DESTRUCTIVE NAIL HABITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 491-499
Author(s):  
Ilze Upeniece ◽  
Monta Beltiņa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
General Education ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Nail Changes ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Traumatic Damage

Onychophagia and onychotillomania are rarely seen in clinical practice and are considered undervalued. The study aims were to determine the prevalence of onychophagia and onychotillomania habit in the patient group with hand nail damage and control group, to determine which would be the target population to educate. Patients were interviewed about self-destructive habits. Excel and SPSS were used for data analysis. In the nail damage group, 28.6% of the respondents showed self-destructive habits and past habits – 31.4%. In the control group, the result was 22.9% and 31.4%. For 74.3% of patients the cause of nail damage was skin disease (including 61.54% of respondents with nail damage who have psoriasis), for 5.7% it was age-related nail changes, for 20% traumatic damage and for 57.14% of them it was a result of self-destructive habit. In the nail damage group both – present and past self-destructive habits are higher than in the control group, but it has no statistical significance (p=0.785). 1)The prevalence of onychophagia and onychotillomania does not differ between patients and control group. 2)General education of the population is necessary to actualize this problem, which can worsen nail changes.

scholarly journals Impact of ascorbic acid in reducing the incidence of vancomycin associated nephrotoxicity in critically ill patients: A preliminary randomized controlled trial

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 929
Author(s):  
Nouran Hesham El-Sherazy ◽  
Naglaa Samir Bazan ◽  
Sara Mahmoud Shaheen ◽  
Nagwa A. Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
And Control

Background Antioxidants show nephroprotective effect against vancomycin associated nephrotoxicity (VAN) in animals. This study aimed to assess the ascorbic acid nephro-protective role against VAN clinically. Methods Forty-one critically ill patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: intervention group (vancomycin IV plus ascorbic acid, n=21) or control group (vancomycin IV only, n=20). Primary outcomes were the incidence of VAN and the absolute change in creatinine parameters, while mortality rate was the secondary outcome. Nephrotoxicity was defined as an increase in serum creatinine (S.cr) by at least 0.5 mg/dL or 50% of baseline for at least two successive measurements. This study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03921099), April 2019. Results Mean absolute S.cr increase was significant when compared between both groups, P-value = 0.036, where S.cr increased by 0.05(0.12) and 0.34(0.55) mg/dL in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Mean absolute Cr.cl decline was significant when compared between both groups, P-value = 0.04, where Cr.cl was decreased by 5.9(17.8) and 22.3(30.4) ml/min in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Incidence of VAN was 1/21(4.7%) versus 5/20(25%) in the intervention and control groups, respectively (RR: 0.19; CI: 0.024–1.49; P-value = 0.093). Mortality was higher in the control group; however, it was not statistically significant, P-value = 0.141. Conclusion Co-administration of ascorbic acid with vancomycin preserved renal function and reduced the absolute risk of VAN by 20.3%, however, the reduction in VAN incidence didn’t reach statistical significance level. Further large multicenter prospective trials are recommended.

scholarly journals The Impact of Divergent and Convergent Tasks on Iraqi EFL Students Reading Comprehension Success

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Sabeeha Hamza Dehham ◽  
Nadia Majeed Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Reading Skills ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

This research attempted to explore the effects of divergent and convergent tasks on the successful reading of EFL students at the preparatory stage. To verify the analysis, the null hypothesis was established that states "There are no differences of statistical significance at the level of (0,05) among the mean of scores of the experimental group who study according to divergent and convergent task technique and the mean of the scores of the control group who study according to the regular method".  The experimental approach is used by designing two equivalent experimental groups of 32 students studying the technique proposed, and an 8-week (2019-2020) control group of 32 students, three classes each week using the Google Classroom Platform and Telegram. The present study utilized the platform Google Classroom (GC) and Telegram as an educational platform to assist students during their course learning process. The writing skills test was administered after checking with the experts. The results show that there are statistical differences at level (0,05) between the average of the experimental and control groups' reading skills and those of the experimental group. This difference is because the experimental group uses divergent and convergent tasks.

scholarly journals The Influence of 24-Hour Sleep Deprivation on the Strength of Lower Limb Muscles in Young and Physically Fit Women and Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2762
Author(s):  
Karolina Kujawa ◽  
Marta Ołpińska-Lischka ◽  
Janusz Maciaszek
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of 24-h sleep deprivation on the muscle strength of young, healthy and physically fit people. The research material consisted of physical education students. In total, 67 people participated in the study, including 38 women and 29 men. Respondents were divided into an experimental group “E” of 44 persons subjected to 24-h sleep deprivation and a control group “C” of 23 persons. Students completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) measuring daytime sleepiness. Students performed measurements of the maximum strength of knee joint extensor and flexor muscles. Measurements of muscle strength of flexors and extensors of the knee were taken on a UPR-02 A/S chair with Moment II by Sumer software. ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used to determine the significance of differences between experimental “E” and control “C” group. Statistical significance was defined at the level of p ≤ 0.05. Statistically significant differences were observed in the change of strength levels between groups at the strength moments of right (p < 0.05, η2p = 0.16) and left (p < 0.05, η2p = 0.08) knee muscles extensor. Changes in extensor muscle strength are significant for students with left dominant legs.

scholarly journals THE PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF TET2 SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM IN EGYPTIAN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e2020004
Author(s):  
Enas A Dammag ◽  
Nahla A.M. Hamed ◽  
Nabil A El Halawani ◽  
Heba S Kassem ◽  
Mona W Ayad
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spleen Size ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Prognostic Criteria ◽  
And Control

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm. The pathogenesis of CML is based on the oncoprotein termed BCR‐ABL1. TET2 initiates DNA demethylation and is frequently mutated in hematological malignancies including CML.(1) The relation between TET2 acquisition and CML transformation and/or imitinab resistance is needed to be investigated. (2) Aim: To evaluate Ten Eleven Translocation 2 gene (TET2) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs2454206, rs34402524, rs61744960) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in relation to the disease prognostic criteria. Materials & Method: The study included 84 subjects; 54 CML in chronic phase and 30 healthy subjects as control group matched for age and sex. Routine investigations including CBC, bone marrow aspiration, biochemical investigations and molecular study were performed in CML patients to identify the disease stage. DNA extraction and SNP assay for TET2 gene polymorphism was done using (Thermo-Fisher predesigned SNP, USA) PCR prism 7500. Results: The mean age was 45.98±15.7 yrs in CML patients and   39.3±6.587 yrs in control group (p>0.05). TET2 SNP rs 34402524 was either heterozygous and homozygous in CML (48%,and 46.2%) but was mainly homozygous among control (80%) group (p=0.012). TET2 SNP rs 2454206 cases within CML (65.4%) and control (63.3%) group had wild patterns (p=0.046). TET2 SNP rs 61744960 showed a homozygous pattern among all groups (CML and control) showing no statistical significance (p=0.528). TET2 SNP in CML cases did not alter the prognostic criteria as no statistical significance was noted (p>0.05) yet, it was significantly related to spleen size in rs 34402524 where homozygous group had huger sizes and higher BCR-ABL1 levels 6 months after starting TKIs (p<0.05). Conclusions/Recommendation: TET2 SNP is a common in Egyptian chronic myeloid leukemia. TET2 SNP rs 3442524 was associated with huger spleen size and higher BCR-ABL1 levels after 6 months of starting TKIs suggesting disease progression.

Relapse After First-Episode Psychosis: A 3-Year Follow-Up

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S276-S276
Author(s):  
E. Pereira ◽  
M. Mota Oliveira ◽  
R. Guedes ◽  
M.J. Peixoto ◽  
I. Ferraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Relapse Rates

IntroductionRelapse after first-episode psychosis (FEP) is a frequent problem, which can lead to patients’ poorer functioning and response to treatment. Its prevention is one of the most important and challenging targets in the treatment of psychotic disorders.ObjectivesTo characterize and evaluate relapse rates after FEP, during the course of 3 years, of a group of patients admitted at a psychiatry department.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted. Patients with a FEP between ages 18 to 40, admitted at the Clinic of Psychiatry and Mental Health at São João Hospital Centre between January 1, 2007 and September 30, 2013. Only patients with, at least, 3 years of follow-up at the clinic were included.ResultsFinal sample of 58 patients, 39 of which were male (mean age = 26.4 years). Forty patients were excluded by not completing the 3 years follow-up at our department. The cumulative relapse rates were 32.8% at 12 months, 53.4% at 24 months and 63.8% at 36 months. Patients with at least one relapse were younger (25.78 years vs. 27.52 years) and had shorter periods of first hospitalization (19.25 days vs. 23.52 days). These data did not reach statistical significance. Non-adherence to prescribed medication was described in 73.0% (n = 27) of patients at the time of relapse. Eight of them (21.6%) presented with cannabis use.ConclusionsAlthough no statistical significance was reached, our findings are consistent with other studies. A future study with a bigger sample would be important in achieving statistical significant results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Longitudinal follow-up in acute and transient psychotic disorders and schizophrenia

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Pillmann ◽  
Andreas Marneros
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
General Functioning ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level ◽  
Observation Period

SummaryWe prospectively studied the long-term course of individuals with acute and transient psychotic disorders and a control group with positive schizophrenia matched for age and gender. Follow-up investigations using standardised instruments were performed at three time-points covering 7 years after the index episode or 12 years after the first episode. During follow-up, those with positive schizophrenia experienced a deterioration in their general functioning whereas those with acute and transient psychotic disorders retained their high level of functioning. At the end of the observation period, 12 out of 39 (31%) of those with acute and transient psychotic disorders were functioning well without medication compared with 0 out of 38 with positive schizophrenia.

QUALITY OF LIFE AND DEPRESSION IN WAR-RELATED THE ENDURING PERSONALITY CHANGE AFTER CATASTROPHIC EXPERIENCE (F62.0)

Psymedica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Stojaković ◽  
S. Medenlica ◽  
Bogdan Stojakovic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
And Control

GOALS: The authors' objective is to analyze Quality of Life (QoL) and depression in the Enduring personality change after catastrophic expirience (F62.0)SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In study we include 120 adult men, 60 subjects with diagnosis F62.0. according to ICD-10 (experimental group) and 60 adult men veterans without the diagnosis of F62.0 (control group). The subjects were assessed with the standardized psychometric instruments.RESULTS: In subjects with Enduring personality change (F62.0) assessment of QoL shows differences in some segments that are important for further monitoring and analysis. The results of the depression in experimental and control group show statistically significance on level (p< 0.05) for baseline visit and follow-up visit.CONCLUSIONS: The statistical relationship between level of combat exposure and war-related F62.0. depression symptoms and QoL, suggests that it may take time for the consequences of traumatic exposure to become apparent. Moreover, degree of exposure may be important in predicting the eventual development of symptoms and precipitation of F62.0. Continued follow-up will address the evolution of PTSD symptoms in war related PTSD. The results indicate the importance of further monitoring and analysis symptoms of depression in F62.0 and QoL.

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