scholarly journals Ecological genetics of beetles of the genus Adalia: Composition of A. bipunctata populations from Italy but not France depends on climatic factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubanovich AV Rubanovich AV ◽  
Ilya A. Zakharov I.A. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ecological Genetics ◽  
Adalia Bipunctata ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
The Mean

The composition of 13 populations of Adalia bipunctata L. collected in France and Italy was studied. The proportion of black individuals varies from 7.7% to 84.7%. Comparison of the composition of color forms with climatic parameters of habitats showed that the proportion of black individuals in the Italian populations negatively correlates with the mean temperatures of the period of reproduction of beetles (May-July). No such relationship was found for the more Northern populations living in France

scholarly journals Ecological genetics of beetles of the genus Adalia: population structure of A. bipunctata of the Crimea depends on climatic factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Ilya A. Zakharov ◽  
Alexander V. Rubanovich
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ecological Genetics ◽  
Adalia Bipunctata ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The composition of 12 populations of Adalia bipunctata L. of the Crimean peninsula was studied. The proportion of black individuals varies from 4.8% to 64.6%. Comparison of the composition of color forms with climatic parameters of habitats showed that the proportion of black individuals in the population positively correlates with the value of moisture during the period of reproduction of beetles (May-July) and negatively correlates with the mean temperatures of these months.

ANALYSIS OF FRUIT YIELD AND RELATED FACTORS IN A DIALLEL OF SEVEN INBRED STRAWBERRY CLONES

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis E. Aalders ◽  
Donald L. Craig
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Additive Component ◽  
Cautious Interpretation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Cultivar ◽  
The Relationship

A diallel of seven inbred clones of the domestic strawberry was evaluated for 5 variables and was compared with the standard cultivar Redcoat. For fruit yield, berry size, date of mid-harvest, and area covered by the clone, the Redcoat values were close to the mean of the diallel. Unexpectedly, all seedling crosses produced more than twice as many runners as did Redcoat.The additive component of variance was only 3.2 per cent for yield, but was 50.5, 83.0, 27.6, and 10.9 per cent for berry weight, mean date of harvest, runner number per clone, and area covered per clone respectively. Total fruit yield was significantly influenced by all of the other four variables, but the relationship was highly variable and did not present any consistent pattern. A cautious interpretation of results is required because of common parentage and inbreeding in the parental lines.The results of this study are in general agreement with similar studies at North Carolina and Ottawa, but all three of these studies gave quite different results from one in California using a parent-offspring regression method of analysis. It is suggested that the different methods of measuring genetic parameters may be as important in resolving this discrepancy as methods of culture, range of cultivars and climatic factors, which have been previously suggested.

scholarly journals Paleosols of the Interglacial Climates in Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Tarnocai
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Interglacial Period ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Paleoclimatic Reconstruction ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACTAlthough paleosols are useful indicators of paleoclimates. it is first necessary to establish the relationships between the northern limits of the various contemporary soils and the pertinent climatic parameters. It is then necessary to determine the age of the various paleosols and, if possible, their northern limits. Comparison of the distribution and northern limits of the contemporary soils with the distribution and northern limits of the analogous paleosols then permits the reconstruction of the paleoenvironments. For the purposes of comparison the mean annual temperature of the Old Crow area during the Pliocene epoch was also determined (about 4°C) even though this was not an interglacial period. It was found that during the pre-lllinoian interglacial periods the central Yukon had a mean annual temperature of about 7°C while during the Sangamonian interglacial period it had a mean annual temperature of about - 3°C. During the Holocene epoch, the current interglacial period, the climate has been similar to or only slightly cooler than that existing during the Sangamonian interglacial period. The fluctuating position of the arctic tree line (and associated forest soils) during the Holocene epoch, however, indicates that the climate has also been fluctuating during this time. The paleoclimatic reconstruction presented in this paper also relies heavily on both diagnostic soil features and the soil development during the various interglacial periods.

scholarly journals Effect of relative humidity on evaporation rates in Nabatieh Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Nasser Farhat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Prevailing Wind ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Daily Evaporation ◽  
General Climate

Relative humidity affects evaporation, whichisin turn is affected by several climatic parameters. This effect is on the increaseas a result of climate changes, especially increasedtemperature.Nabatiyeh region, insouth Lebanon, was selected for this study, even thoughcomprehensive climaterecords are not available. Instead, data from an experimentalmeteorological station capable of providing all climatic parameters digitally, which includes an evaporation basin of the form A, was used.This study providedexplanations of the general climate in the study area.This includesaverage annual temperature, precipitation and evaporation. Factors affecting relative humiditywere determined.It was found that theevaporationvalueschanged by thechangingdirection of the prevailing wind,andfluctuating higher valueswere recorded in autumn, due to the south-eastern dry winds, which lead to a fluctuation in the amount of daily evaporation.An inverse relationship between relative humidity and evaporationwas observed, with significant correlation between them. The net effect of relative humidity onevaporationwas investigated in this studyby comparing data in two days in which the values of other climatic factors affecting evaporation were the same. It was found that the amount of daily evaporation increased by 80% when the relative humidity declined to 53%.Most likely, in the coming years, the region is moving towards more water stress in light of changes in climatic parameters.

scholarly journals A 333-year record of the mean minimum temperature reconstruction in the Western Tianshan Mountains, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Jiao ◽  
Shengjie Wang ◽  
Yuan Jiang ◽  
Xuerui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Temperature Reconstruction ◽  
Warming Trend ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Western Tianshan ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In this paper, a fragile ecological area in the Western Tianshan National Nature Reserve of China was selected as the research region, and Picea schrenkiana, which is sensitive to climate change, was selected as the research object. The mean minimum temperature in the growing season of the previous year (May to September) was the main limiting factor for tree radial growth based on an analysis of the relationship between chronological series and climatic factors during 1959–2012 (r = –0.792, p < 0.05). Moreover, the relationship was stable, which showed that tree rings can be used as alternative materials for climate reconstruction. Therefore, the mean minimum temperature of the previous year in 1680–2012 was reconstructed, and the explained variance of the reconstruction equation was 62.7% (R2adj = 62.0%, F = 85.8). The 31 dramatically altered years were found via characteristic year analyses, and extreme changes occurred most often under relatively warm conditions. The mean minimum temperature in the reconstruction shows a clear warming trend by the 11-year moving average of the reconstructive series since the 1950s (the temperature increase: 0.341°C/decade). The driving factors of the mean minimum temperature were influenced mainly by the interaction of solar activity and large-scale atmospheric–oceanic variability, especially the westerly circulations.

scholarly journals Change in Maize Final Leaf Numbers and Its Effects on Biomass and Grain Yield across China

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Wanmao Liu ◽  
Bo Ming ◽  
Ruizhi Xie ◽  
Guangzhou Liu ◽  
Keru Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
The Mean

The final leaf number is an important morphological characteristic of maize (Zea mays L.) and is therefore an important input parameter in some maize crop models. In this study, field experiments were conducted from 2013 to 2016 at 23 sites across China, which were located between latitudes of 26°30′ and 46°45′ N, focusing on five modern maize cultivars, in order to determine the amplitude of variation in mean leaf numbers between each cultivar, identify differences between the mean leaf numbers of cultivars under different climatic conditions, and clarify the effects of the differences in final leaf numbers on aboveground dry matter (DM) and grain yield. The results showed that the mean final leaf numbers increased in the order of XY335 < NH101 < ZD909 < ZD958 < DH11 among the five cultivars, with the wide distribution ranges of final leaf numbers being 17.0–23.3 (DH11), 16.7–22.3 (ZD958), 16.7–22.0 (ZD909), 16.7–22.3 (NH101), and 17.0–22.0 (XY335) across all locations. In addition, leaf numbers above and below the primary ear showed the same trends with the mean final leaf numbers for the same cultivars. Many climatic factors were found to significantly affect the final leaf numbers across four maize-growing regions in China, and the result of stepwise regression indicated that the influences of photoperiod and temperature, in particular, were greater than other climatic factors for these cultivars. Finally, there were found to be significant and positive relationships between the final leaf number and (1) the maximum leaf area index (LAImax), (2) DM at both silking and physiological maturity, and (3) grain yield for the same cultivars across all locations. The results of this study are of great importance for guiding future trans-regional maize cultivation and further model calibration.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Streamflow Trends in the Southern and Southeastern US from 1950–2015

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk Rodgers ◽  
Victor Roland ◽  
Anne Hoos ◽  
Elena Crowley-Ornelas ◽  
Rodney Knight
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Daily Streamflow ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Streamflow Trends

In this article, the mean daily streamflow at 139 streamflow-gaging stations (sites) in the southern and southeastern United States are analyzed for spatial and temporal patterns. One hundred and thirty-nine individual time-series of mean daily streamflow were reduced to five aggregated time series of Z scores for clusters of sites with similar temporal variability. These aggregated time-series correlated significantly with a time-series of several climate indices for the period 1950–2015. The mean daily streamflow data were subset into six time periods—starting in 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000, and each ending in 2015, to determine how streamflow trends at individual sites acted over time. During the period 1950–2015, mean monthly and seasonal streamflow decreased at many sites based on results from traditional Mann–Kendall trend analyses, as well as results from a new analysis (Quantile-Kendall) that summarizes trends across the full range of streamflows. A trend departure index used to compare results from non-reference with reference sites identified that streamflow trends at 88% of the study sites have been influenced by non-climatic factors (such as land- and water-management practices) and that the majority of these sites were located in Texas, Louisiana, and Georgia. Analysis of the results found that for sites throughout the study area that were influenced primarily by climate rather than human activities, the step increase in streamflow in 1970 documented in previous studies was offset by subsequent monotonic decreases in streamflow between 1970 and 2015.

scholarly journals Catchment power and the joint distribution of elevation and travel distance to the outlet

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard S. Sklar ◽  
Clifford S. Riebe ◽  
Claire E. Lukens ◽  
Dino Bellugi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Joint Distribution ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Travel Distance ◽  
Sediment Size ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. The delivery of water, sediment, and solutes by catchments is influenced by the distribution of source elevations and their travel distances to the outlet. For example, elevation affects the magnitude and phase of precipitation, as well as the climatic factors that govern rock weathering, which influence the production rate and initial particle size of sediments. Travel distance, in turn, affects the timing of flood peaks at the outlet and the degree of sediment size reduction by wear, which affects particle size distributions at the outlet. The distributions of elevation and travel distance have been studied extensively but separately, as the hypsometric curve and width function. Yet a catchment can be considered as a collection of points, each with paired values of elevation and travel distance. For every point, the ratio of elevation to travel distance defines the mean slope for transport of mass to the outlet. Recognizing that mean slope is proportional to the average rate of loss of potential energy by water and sediment during transport to the outlet, we use the joint distribution of elevation and travel distance to define two new metrics for catchment geometry: "source-area power", and the corresponding catchment-wide integral "catchment power". We explore patterns in source-area and catchment power across three study catchments spanning a range of relief and drainage area. We then develop an empirical algorithm for generating synthetic source-area power distributions, which can be parameterized with data from natural catchments. This new way of quantifying the three-dimensional geometry of catchments can be used to explore the effects of topography on the distribution on fluxes of water, sediment, isotopes, and other landscape products passing through catchment outlets, and may provide a fresh perspective on problems of both practical and theoretical interest.

scholarly journals Rainfall and Atmospheric Temperature against the Other Climatic Factors: A Case Study from Colombo, Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anushka Perera ◽  
Upaka Rathnayake
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Climate Prediction ◽  
Monthly Rainfall ◽  
The Other ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Soft Computing Techniques

Climate prediction is given a high priority by many countries due to its importance in mitigation of extreme weather conditions. However, the prediction is not an easy task as the climatic parameters not only show spatial variations but also temporal variations. In addition, the climatic parameters are interrelated. To overcome these difficulties, soft computing techniques are widely used in prediction of climate variables with respect to the other variables. On the other hand, Colombo, Sri Lanka, is experiencing adverse or extreme weather conditions over the last few years. However, a climate prediction study is yet to be carried out in this tropical climatic zone. Therefore, this paper presents a study, identifying relationships between the two most impacted climate parameters (atmospheric temperature and rainfall) and other climatic parameters. Artificial neural network (ANN) models are developed to define the relationships and then to predict the atmospheric temperature as a function of other parameters including monthly rainfall, minimum and maximum relative humidity, and average wind speed. Same analysis is carried out to define the prediction model to the monthly rainfall. The best algorithm out of several other ANN algorithms is chosen for the analyses. Results revealed that the atmospheric temperature in Colombo can be presented with respect to the other climatic variables. However, the rainfall does not show a greater relationship with the other climatic parameters.

scholarly journals Temporal Variations in the 10Be Concentration Levels Found in the Dye 3 Ice Core, Greenland

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 16-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Beer ◽  
H. Oeschger ◽  
M. Andrée ◽  
G. Bonani ◽  
M. Suter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
10Be Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Concentration Levels

In order to study in some detail the variability of the 10Be concentration and its correlation with climatic parameters such as δ18O we have investigated 28 samples of the deep ice core from Dye 3, Greenland, covering the depth interval from 1 860 to 1 890 m which corresponds to the period 30 to 40 ka BP. The results show that the mean 10Be concentration during this period is higher by a factor of 1.7 than during the twentieth century and that there is a correlation between 10Be results and δ18O values. A possible explanation is that during cold periods (low δ18O values) precipitation rates are lower and therefore the number of 10Be atoms per gram of ice is higher. However, processes strongly related to δ18O values alone cannot explain the entire variability of the 10Be results.

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