scholarly journals Risk factors for dyshormonal benign hyperplasia and breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
B. F. Khurasev ◽  
Yu. A. Gurkin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Benign Diseases ◽  
Breast Pathology ◽  
Preventive Examination ◽  
Benign Hyperplasia

Risk factors for the occurrence of benign diseases and breast cancer were studied in a comparative analysis of the survey data of 321 women who were operated on the mammary gland, had an established histological diagnosis and were registered in the oncology offices of the Kursk polyclinics (main group), and 150 women who did not have any clinical , no objective manifestations of breast pathology (comparison group). To study the frequency of dyshormonal hyperplasias of the mammary glands and risk factors in girls, an in-depth preventive examination of 390 schoolgirls aged 13-17 years was carried out.

scholarly journals Lipogranulomas of the mammary glands: diagnosis and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Cara ◽  
◽  
Veronica Svet ◽  
Ion Mereuta ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Fat Necrosis

Steatonecrosis of the mammary gland is necrosis of its adipose tissue, followed by replacement with scar tissue. Lipogranuloma is known as a benign inflammatory process, necrosis of breast fat occurs due to iatrogenic breast trauma. Most often, fatty necrosis is seen in women with large breasts – in women with small breasts, it develops much less often. It is important to diagnose lipogranulomas because it can often mimic breast cancer. Fat necrosis of the breast is a common pathological condition, with a wide variety of presentations on mammography, ultrasound and MRI. The incidence of fatty necrosis of the breast is estimated at 0.6%, representing 2.75% of all breast lesions.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of breast cancer risk factors among hispanic and non-hispanic white women

Cancer ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (13) ◽  
pp. 3215-3223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Hines ◽  
Betsy Risendal ◽  
Martha L. Slattery ◽  
Kathy B. Baumgartner ◽  
Anna R. Giuliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
White Women ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Hispanic White

scholarly journals Left–right analysis of mammary gland development in retinoid X receptor-α +/− mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1710) ◽  
pp. 20150416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqulyne P. Robichaux ◽  
John W. Fuseler ◽  
Shrusti S. Patel ◽  
Steven W. Kubalak ◽  
Adam Hartstone-Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Retinoid X Receptor ◽  
Breast Development

Left–right (L–R) differences in mammographic parenchymal patterns are an early predictor of breast cancer risk; however, the basis for this asymmetry is unknown. Here, we use retinoid X receptor alpha heterozygous null (RXRα +/− ) mice to propose a developmental origin: perturbation of coordinated anterior–posterior (A–P) and L–R axial body patterning. We hypothesized that by analogy to somitogenesis—in which retinoic acid (RA) attenuation causes anterior somite pairs to develop L–R asynchronously—that RA pathway perturbation would likewise result in asymmetric mammary development. To test this, mammary glands of RXRα +/− mice were quantitatively assessed to compare left- versus right-side ductal epithelial networks. Unlike wild-type controls, half of the RXRα +/− thoracic mammary gland (TMG) pairs exhibited significant L–R asymmetry, with left-side reduction in network size. In RXRα +/− TMGs in which symmetry was maintained, networks had bilaterally increased size, with left networks showing greater variability in area and pattern. Reminiscent of posterior somites, whose bilateral symmetry is refractory to RA attenuation, inguinal mammary glands (IMGs) also had bilaterally increased network size, but no loss of symmetry. Together, these results demonstrate that mammary glands exhibit differential A–P sensitivity to RXRα heterozygosity, with ductal network symmetry markedly compromised in anterior but not posterior glands. As TMGs more closely model human breast development than IMGs, these findings raise the possibility that for some women, breast cancer risk may initiate with subtle axial patterning defects that result in L–R asymmetric growth and pattern of the mammary ductal epithelium. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Provocative questions in left–right asymmetry’.

scholarly journals Abnormal Mammary Gland Development and Growth Retardation in Female Mice and MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells Lacking Androgen Receptor

2003 ◽  
Vol 198 (12) ◽  
pp. 1899-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyuan Yeh ◽  
Yueh-Chiang Hu ◽  
Peng-Hui Wang ◽  
Chao Xie ◽  
Qingquan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Mammary Gland Development ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Gland Development

Phenotype analysis of female mice lacking androgen receptor (AR) deficient (AR−/−) indicates that the development of mammary glands is retarded with reduced ductal branching in the prepubertal stages, and fewer Cap cells in the terminal end buds, as well as decreased lobuloalveolar development in adult females, and fewer milk-producing alveoli in the lactating glands. The defective development of AR−/− mammary glands involves the defects of insulin-like growth factor I–insulin-like growth factor I receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signals as well as estrogen receptor (ER) activity. Similar growth retardation and defects in growth factor–mediated Ras/Raf/MAPK cascade and ER signaling are also found in AR−/− MCF7 breast cancer cells. The restoration assays show that AR NH2-terminal/DNA-binding domain, but not the ligand-binding domain, is essential for normal MAPK function in MCF7 cells, and an AR mutant (R608K), found in male breast cancer, is associated with the excessive activation of MAPK. Together, our data provide the first in vivo evidence showing that AR-mediated MAPK and ER activation may play important roles for mammary gland development and MCF7 breast cancer cell proliferation.

scholarly journals Breast cancer related PTSD in patients afer surgical treatment (mastectomy). Clinical and psychological issues

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Vasileva ◽  
T. A. Karavaeva ◽  
E. P. Lukoshkina ◽  
E. E. Veiss ◽  
Ia. A. Iakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Psychological Issues

Te article describes clinical and psychological issues of the PTSD development in breast cancer patients afer surgical treatment (mastectomy). Te results of comparative analysis with the use of the psychodiagnostic tests battery of the breast cancer related PTSD symptoms group and the well coped with cancer related distress group are presented. Te regression analysis results allowed to distinguish psycho-social risk factors for breast cancer related PTSD manifestation

scholarly journals Male Breast Cancer Originating in an Accessory Mammary Gland in the Axilla: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yamamura ◽  
Norikazu Masuda ◽  
Yoshinori Kodama ◽  
Hiroyuki Yasojima ◽  
Makiko Mizutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Surgical Margin ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Skin Defect ◽  
Dorsi Muscle

Carcinoma of an accessory mammary gland is an extremely rare tumor. A 61-year-old male patient presented with a hard mass measuring 85 mm × 51 mm in the left axilla. Incisional biopsy histopathologically showed an adenocarcinoma compatible with breast carcinoma originating in an accessory mammary gland. Systemic examinations revealed no evidence of malignant or occult primary lesion in the bilateral mammary glands or in other organs. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed for the locally advanced axillary tumor and reduced the tumor to 55 mm in size, and, then, he could undergo complete resection with a negative surgical margin in combination with reconstructive surgery to fill the resulting skin defect with a local flap of the latissimus dorsi muscle. The patient has presented with no metastatic lesion in four years since the operation. This unusual case shows that neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an effective and tolerated therapy for advanced accessory breast cancer in the axilla.

scholarly journals Exposure to the Endocrine Disruptor, Propylparaben, During Pregnancy and Lactation, Alters Typical Parity-Induced Reorganization of the Mouse Mammary Gland

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A487-A488
Author(s):  
Joshua Philip Mogus
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Mouse Mammary Gland ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes ◽  
Sensitive Organ ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

Abstract The mammary gland is a hormone sensitive organ that is susceptible to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during several vulnerable periods, including pregnancy and lactation. Mammary gland reorganization during pregnancy and lactation is hormone driven and provides long-term protection against breast cancer risk. It is unknown if EDC exposures during these sensitive windows can alter mammary reorganization to either enhance or offset parity-induced protection against breast cancer. Here, we examined effects of propylparaben (PP), a common preservative used in personal care products and foods with estrogen receptor (ER) agonist properties, on the parous mouse mammary gland. Pregnant BALB/c mice were treated with 0, 20, 100, or 10,000 µg/kg/day PP throughout pregnancy and lactation. These doses were selected for their relevance to human exposures. We also included an unexposed nulliparous female group to evaluate the typical changes associated with parity. Five weeks post-involution (and five weeks after the last PP exposure), mammary glands were collected and assessed for changes in histomorphology, hormone receptor expression, immune cell number, and gene expression. We found that PP reduced many of the typical morphological effects of parity on the mammary gland, resulting in intermediate phenotypes for ductal density and total epithelial structures. Notably, we found increased proliferation in PP-treated mammary glands, despite decreased ductal epithelial volume relative to parous controls. Mammary glands from PP-treated females also had alterations in the expression of ERα-mediated genes, including PgR (the gene that encodes progesterone receptor) and Igf1, with expression levels that were intermediate to both nulliparous and parous control mice. Finally, PP reduced the effect of parity on several immune cell types in the mammary gland including B cells, T-cells, and M2 macrophages. These results suggest that PP, at levels relevant to human exposure, can disrupt the normal response to parity in the mouse mammary gland, including persistent alterations to mammary gland structures. Future studies should address whether PP exposures disturb the protective effects of pregnancy on mammary cancer risk.

Evaluation of known risk factors for breast cancer in Venezuelan patients with breast cancer, benign breast diseases, and without breast pathology

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1531-1531
Author(s):  
D. E. Hernandez ◽  
A. E. Hernandez ◽  
G. C. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Breast Pathology ◽  
Benign Breast Diseases ◽  
Ovary Cancer ◽  
History Of

1531 Background: Breast cancer (BC) represents the second cause of death from cancer in Venezuelan women, therefore, it is important to study the known risk factors for developing BC in Venezuelan patients. Also, little is known about the importance of these risk factors in patients with benign breast diseases (BBD). Due to this we carried out a prospective case-control study of known risk factors for developing BC in a group of female patients with BC and BBD with the purpose of defining clinical criteria which can be used to orient physicians and patients about the conducts to be followed not only by the patients, but also by their family group. Methods: We included 515 patients with BC, 507 with BBD, and 505 without breast pathology.The following risk factors were identified through a personal interview with each patient: family history of breast and ovary cancer, exposure to female hormones (exogenous and endogenous), and previous history of BBD. Results: The significant results when comparing the BC group with the BBD group were the following: strong family history of BC (p = 0.004), ingestion of oral contraceptives (p = 0.035), lactation (p = 0.00013), hormone replacement therapy (p = 0.000001), and previous history of BBD (p = 0.0000032). The significant results when comparing the BC group with the group without breast pathology were the following: family history of BC (p = 0.0000001), family history of ovary cancer (p = 0.0000001), nulliparity (p = 0.00009), age of first terminal pregnancy (p = 0.000001), number of abortion (p = 0.024), lactation (p = 0.03), and previous history of BBD (p = 0.0000001). A logistic regression model showed that the variables with the highest impact were lactation (p = 0.0001), family history of breast cancer (p = 0.0001), and family history of ovary cancer (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Even though several hormonal factors were important, lactation and family history of breast and ovary cancer were the most important risk factors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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