scholarly journals Evaluation of the state of tubular epithelium in low birth weight infants with ischemic ­nephropathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-884
Author(s):  
A A Akhundova
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Main Group ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tubular Epithelium ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Ischemic Nephropathy

Aim. The study of the diagnostic value of KIM-1 and NGAL in urine and cystatin C in the blood plasma of low birth weight infants with ischemic nephropathy. Methods. 150 newborns were divided into 3 groups: main group 72 low birth weight infants with manifestations of ischemic nephropathy divided into three subgroups: group 1A mild (n=36), 1B moderate (n=20), 1C severe (n=16); comparioson group 28 low birth weight infants without the evidence of ischemic nephropathy; control group 50 healthy newborns (20 full-term and 30 preterm).To assess the state of tubular epithelium of the kidneys, the levels of KIM-1 and NGAL were measured in the urine of neonates, to assess the state of glomerular filtration the level of сystatin C in the blood plasma was determined. Samples of blood and urine were collected twice, on days 1 to 3 and 7 to 10. Biomarker levels were determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Results. In the main group on day 1 to 3 of life KIM-1 and NGAL in the urine were significantly elevated compared to the control group (p 0.001). On day 7 to 10 the level of KIM-1 in the urine in subgroup 1A decreased (0.980.09 ng/dl), while remaining significantly higher compared to the control group, and in subgroups 1B and 1C it increased to 1.240.10 and 1.360.12 ng/dl, respectively. On day 7 to 10 of life the concentration of NGAL in the urine of children of all three subgroups declined, remaining significantly high compared to the control values. Сoncentration of cystatin C was significantly high only in newborns of subgroup 1C (p 0.001). Conclusion. Molecules of NGAL and KIM-1 are early markers of the renal ischemic injury in low birth weight infants who suffered perinatal hypoxia, and cystatin C cannot be considered an early predictor of renal damage in low birth weight infants with ischemic nephropathy as its level in the blood rises only in severe damage.

scholarly journals Oropharyngeal Administration of Colostrum Increases Salivary Secretory IgA Levels in Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (14) ◽  
pp. 1389-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coleen Greecher ◽  
Kim Doheny ◽  
Kristen Glass
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Multicenter Trial ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis

Aim Oropharyngeal administration of colostrum (OAC) has been proposed to provide mother's early milk to very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants in the first few days of life. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that OAC would increase salivary secretory IgA (SsIgA). Patients and Methods Overall, 30 VLBW infants randomized to receive OAC or sterile water had salivary sampling for SsIgA on the day of life (DOL) 2, 7, and 14. The incidence of late-onset sepsis (LOS) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) was determined prospectively. Within and between-group comparisons were made by paired and independent samples t-tests. Results Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. SsIgA was higher in OAC versus the control group (p < 0.05) on DOL 7, but not subsequently on DOL 14. There was no difference in LOS or NEC. Conclusion OAC increased SsIgA at DOL 7. A large, multicenter trial is needed to determine if OAC decreases LOS or NEC in VLBW infants.

scholarly journals Colonization of Supplemented Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in Low Birth Weight Infants and Its Effects on Their Gut Microbiota Weeks Post-administration

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayako Horigome ◽  
Ken Hisata ◽  
Toshitaka Odamaki ◽  
Noriyuki Iwabuchi ◽  
Jin-zhong Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve

The colonization and persistence of probiotics introduced into the adult human gut appears to be limited. It is uncertain, however, whether probiotics can successfully colonize the intestinal tracts of full-term and premature infants. In this study, we investigated the colonization and the effect of oral supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V on the gut microbiota of low birth weight (LBW) infants. A total of 22 LBW infants (12 infants in the M-16V group and 10 infants in the control group) were enrolled. B. breve M-16V was administrated to LBW infants in the M-16V group from birth until hospital discharge. Fecal samples were collected from each subject at weeks (3.7–9.3 weeks in the M-16V group and 2.1–6.1 weeks in the control group) after discharge. qPCR analysis showed that the administrated strain was detected in 83.3% of fecal samples in the M-16V group (at log10 8.33 ± 0.99 cell numbers per gram of wet feces), suggesting that this strain colonized most of the infants beyond several weeks post-administration. Fecal microbiota analysis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the abundance of Actinobacteria was significantly higher (P &lt; 0.01), whereas that of Proteobacteria was significantly lower (P &lt; 0.001) in the M-16V group as compared with the control group. Notably, the levels of the administrated strain and indigenous Bifidobacterium bacteria were both significantly higher in the M-16V group than in the control group. Our findings suggest that oral administration of B. breve M-16V led to engraftment for at least several weeks post-administration and we observed a potential overall improvement in microbiota formation in the LBW infants’ guts.

scholarly journals The effect of ladder approach on development of preterm low birth weight infants with HIE-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 520
Author(s):  
Tushar R. Jadhav ◽  
Shailaja S. Jaywant
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Premature infants with Peri-natal asphyxia leading to a hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are at greater risk for cerebral palsy. HIE grade II infants have long term neurological complications due to maladaptive brain wiring during NICU stay. Ladder approach, with graded stimulation program is administered by Occupational therapist, plays a vital role to minimize the maladaptive responses to environment. Objective of this study was to effect of Ladder Approach on preterm low birth weight Infants with HIE-2 as compared to conventional treatment. Design of this study was to Prospective Block Randomized Convenient Sampling Control Trial, Experimental design study. The study was carried out in the NICU and PU ward of Tertiary care hospital in metropolitan city from April 2015 to October 2016. The study subjects included a convenient sample of 30 preterm Low birth weight HIE-2 infants randomly selected into study or control groups. Neonatal behavioural Assessment scale (NBAS), Infant Neurological International Battery (INFANIB).Methods: The preterm infants from study group who received Ladder Approach and control group who received routine conventional care only. Outcome measures NBAS was at baseline and first follow up. INFANIB was administered at second follow up to assess neurodevelopment.Results: Showed that the premature infants of the study had significant difference in neuro behavioral status with mean for all subcomponents from to post intervention mean 39.6 in experimental group and from baseline mean of 24.3 to post intervention mean score of 33.2 in control group on neurobehavioral scale. Further neurodevelopmental status showed similar results on INFANIB in experimental group.Conclusions: The premature Infants with HIE grade 2, receiving ladder approach have shown more mature responses resulting into well-organized Neurobehavioral status, and resulted in improved brain wiring as evident in INFANIB.

Changes in thrombopoiesis and platelet reactivity in extremely low birth weight infants undergoing erythropoietin therapy for treatment of anaemia of prematurity

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (01) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Cardona ◽  
Jens Schwindt ◽  
Angelika Berger ◽  
Stefan Kuhle ◽  
Monika Homoncik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Platelet Reactivity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiazole Orange ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Anaemia Of Prematurity ◽  
Randomised Controlled

SummaryErythropoietin (Epo) is frequently administered to premature infants to stimulate erythropoiesis. There is evidence from studies in animals and healthy adults that Epo also interacts with thrombopoiesis and platelet function.This study investigates the effect of Epo therapy on platelet reactivity, peripheral platelet counts and thiazole orange-positive (TO+) platelets in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. In a randomised-controlled trial, ELBW infants with a birth weight ≤ 800g and a gestational age ≤ 32 weeks were either randomised to a group receiving Epo during the first weeks of life or to a control group. Our results show that thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP-6) -induced expression of P-selectin increased significantly during the first two weeks of Epo treatment.With the exception of week five, the number of TO+ platelets was significantly higher during the first eight weeks in Epo-treated infants compared to controls. The increase of TO+ platelets was not paralleled by an increase in total platelet count.We can conclude that Epo therapy has a short-lasting effect on platelet reactivity toTRAP-6 in ELBW infants during the first two weeks of life.Furthermore, Epo therapy is associated with an increase in the number of TO+ platelets compared to controls.

Developmental Intervention for Low Birth Weight Infants: Improved Early Developmental Outcome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Michael B. Resnick ◽  
Fonda Davis Eyler ◽  
Robert M. Nelson ◽  
Donald V. Eitzman ◽  
Richard L. Bucciarelli
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Traditional Care ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

This prospective longitudinal study was designed to evaluate the effects of a multidisciplinary infant development program (IDP) on the mental and physical development of low birth weight infants (&lt;1,800 g). Infants in the neonatal intensive care were randomly assigned to the IDP or to traditional care (control group). IDP infants received developmental interventions in the hospital and at home through the first 2 years of life. Counseling and parenting education were provided to their parents during this same period. The control group received all the postnatal care and referrals customarily given in traditional care. Both IDP and control infants were enrolled in an independent follow-up program, which used the Bayley Scales of Infant Development in a blind evaluation design. The IDP group had a significantly lower incidence of developmental delay (P &lt; .05) and scored significantly higher than the control group (P &lt; .05) on mean mental and physical indices at 12 and 24 months of adjusted age.

scholarly journals To Study the Role of Zinc Supplementation on Growth of Low Birth Weight Infants

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ravindra Sonawane ◽  
Suhas Patil ◽  
Lalit Gulati ◽  
Sagar Sonawane
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Length Gain

This was a randomized controlled trial undertaken to study the role of zinc supplementation on growth of low birth weight infants (b.wt≤2500 gm). Out of 120 LBW infants, 23 were excluded due to loss of follow up. The remaining 97 LBW eligible neonates were randomized in to 2 group (zinc &amp; control group), zinc group were given zinc supplementation at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks from enrollment. They were then followed up every 4 weeks up to 8 weeks. At each visit, detail anthropometry including e weight, length, and head circumference were recorded at each visit. The infants in the zinc group had significantly higher weight gain (p&lt;0.000), length gain (p&lt;0.000), linear growth velocity and head circumference at 8 weeks. We concluded that zinc supplementation at 2 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks in LBW infants improves their growth during infancy.

Investigating the changes in amino acid values in premature infants: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqi Yang ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Wei Long ◽  
Huaiyan Wang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Normal Birth

AbstractBackground:The objective of the study was to investigate the changes in amino acid (AAs) values in premature infants.Methods:A total of 2159 premature and/or low birth weight infants were recruited for this study. They were divided into three groups: premature infants with normal birth weight (G1), simple low birth weight infants (G2) and premature combined with low birth weight infants (G3). The tandem mass spectrometry technique was used to detect the levels of 11 AAs in neonatal blood.Results:Compared with normal babies, there were eight and five AAs that significantly changed in G1 and G2, respectively. It was worth noting that the changes greatly exacerbated when the babies were both premature and of low birth weight. All the levels of AAs demonstrated significant changes in G3 compared with the normal control group (G4). With the increase in gestational age, the AAs in premature infants tended to the levels in normal newborns. Meanwhile, there was a correlation between AAs and birth weight. Four AAs significantly changed with the increase in body weight. Among normal newborns, the levels of AAs in girls were significantly higher than in boys. However, if the newborns were premature or had low birth weight, the differences between AA values and sexual distinction would decrease. In the end, we established the specific reference ranges of AAs for premature and/or low birth weight infants.Conclusions:There were significant differences in AAs in the premature and/or low birth weight infants. Gestational age and birth weight were two important factors inflecting the AAs metabolism.

ERRATUM

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-948
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation

In the paper, "Successful Direct Extubation of Very Low Birth Weight Infants From Low Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation Rate" by Kim and Boutwell (Pediatrics 1987;80:409-414), there is an error on p 412. The last sentence in the legend of Fig 2 should read: ΔPco2 of control group was significantly higher than that of study group during test period.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Maternal Periodontal Status of and Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants in Iran: A Case Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Karimi ◽  
Jalaleddin H Hamissi ◽  
Simin Rafieyan Naeini ◽  
Mojgan Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Control Study

<p><strong>AIM &amp; BACKGROUND: </strong>It has been suggested that periodontitis is associated with systemic alterations such as adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, some conflicting results have been reported. This study was conducted to determine the association between periodontitis and preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW) to obtain information which is necessary for the planning of preventive programs of periodontal disease for pregnant women in this area.</p> <p><strong>MATERIALS &amp; METHODS: </strong>This case-control study was performed on 264 mothers. The index used to determine oral hygiene and periodontal diseases is Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs (CPITN).</p> <p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>The mothers in the sample group with single delivery delivered 8 times low birth weight infants more than the mothers in the control group with single delivery. And also the mothers in the sample group with multiple deliveries; delivered 10 times low birth weight infants and 8 times premature infant more than the mothers in the control group.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>More studies should be carried out in through preventing and treating periodontal diseases, expenses incurred due to preterm labor and low birth weight decrease and the society will witness fewer mental problems suffered by such children as they grow up. So we can emphasize the importance of periodontal care in prenatal health programs. And we may suggest that a special program of periodontal disease prevention for pregnant women is very necessary.</p>

scholarly journals Perinatal Outcomes of Hypertensive Pregnancy: A Case Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Niraj Acharya ◽  
Diwas Dhungana ◽  
Veena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Medical College

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are one of the maternal diseases that cause the most detrimental effects to the mother and the fetus. Objective: This study was conducted to compare the perinatal outcomes of neonates delivered by hypertensive mothers and normal mothers. Methods: This comparative hospital based study was conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur from December 2014 to December 2015. Fifty mothers fulfilling the inclusion criteria and their fetal outcome in form of still birth and newborn babies were taken for the study and 50 healthy mothers with normotensive pregnancies and their newborn babies or fetal outcome were taken as control. They were followed up till their hospital stay in NICU or postnatal ward and final outcomes were noted. Results: The prevalence of HDP in our hospital was 2.16%. Among neonates, 27(54%) in case group and 9(18%) in control group were low birth weight which is statistically significant. It was found that 18(36%) neonates in case group and 7(14%) neonates in control group were IUGR(Intrauterine growth retardation). Seventeen (34%) neonates in case group were preterm as compared to 2(4%) neonates in control group (p value < 0.001). Conclusion: Pregnancies complicated by hypertension were characterized by an increase in the rate of preterm delivery and low birth weight infants compared with normal pregnancies.

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