scholarly journals Horse stealing in the Samara province in 1923-1925

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-185
Author(s):  
Shamil Takhirovich Gizatulin

This paper considers the problem of horse stealing in the Samara province in 1923-1925. The author conducted a study of causes and dynamics of horse thefts in the region, as well as of measures of the law enforcement agencies with a criminal activity. The paper shows the factors that contributed along with the generally unfavorable socio-economic conditions of the 1920s years to the growth of this type of crime in the region. On the basis of statistical indicators of militia and criminal investigation the author has studied methods of horse thefts in the province, the reasons for the growth of this type of crime in 1923 and the decline by the end of 1925. The paper considers problems of professional horse stealing and ethnic crime (criminal activity of representatives of the Turkic peoples). The author has revealed seasonal and spatial characteristics of the prevalence of cattle theft and established centers of horse theft in the province (Samara, Samara and Buguruslan Districts), as well as analyzed efficiency of militia activity and criminal investigation department of Samara province in the fight against this crime. The paper also contains the drawbacks in the organization of activities of local authorities, law enforcement and the court, as well as measures taken by the provincial authorities for the suppression of horse stealing in the period.

Legal Concept ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Azarova ◽  
Vyacheslav Vnukov

Introduction: in modern Russian society, the fight against crime requires the legislative regulation. Crime is a multifaceted phenomenon that is becoming more complex in parallel with the development of society. Its growth makes it necessary to research the fundamentals of the theory and practice of coordinating the activities of the law enforcement agencies in the fight against crime. The important factors from the point of view of the state of coordination activities are their proper organizational support, the development of the right strategies and tactics when performing the necessary actions, as well as their effective use by the law enforcement agencies to curb criminal activity. The authors of the paper set the goal of the study, which is to analyze the coordination activities of the law enforcement agencies in the fight against crime. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is the dialectical-materialistic method of cognition, which includes the elements of system analysis, and the specific scientific methods, such as the logical and legal one. Results: based on the legal analysis, the content of coordination activities as the effective coordinated actions in the fight against crime is revealed. Conclusions: it is revealed that there is a need to adopt a special law aimed at improving the status of prosecutors in the framework of these coordination activities.


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
S-M.R. Simbagaev ◽  

The article systematizes the generalizing experience of the Chechen Republic in matters of security and law and order over the twenty-year period of the XXI century. Provides statistical data from open information sources on the activities of the law enforcement agencies of the Chechen Republic in various directions. A whole range of issues related to the work of the police (currently the police), investigative bodies and the prosecutor's office of the Chechen Republic are analyzed. Revealed and substantiated the need to systematize disparate information on the crime situation in the Chechen Republic for the modern historical and legal science of the Russian Federation. Generalizing conclusions of the ratio of effectiveness are made in comparison with other regional law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation. In the methodological aspect, it is focused on the introduction of special disciplines taught at the law faculties of higher educational institutions into training courses.


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masdar Masdar

Cash waqf in Indonesia has been long enough implemented based on some rules enacted by government and other rules defined by The Waqf Board of Indonesia (BWI). However, the implementation of cash waqf has not reached the level of success. Therefore, this article studies the application of cash waqf law in Indonesia according to Friedman’s legal system theory. The legal system theory of Friedman firstly looks at the substance of the law, which is the rules or regulations; and secondly it examines the structure of the law, encompassing the law enforcement agencies, such as judge, prosecutor, police and legal counselors. And lastly the theory examines the element of legal culture, which is a response from Muslim society. The first two examinations indicate that there is nothing to be a problem. But from the last examination there is a problem regarding the trust from Muslim society. From the legal culture point of view, the implementation of cash waqf by the government, which is performed by BWI, needs attracting society’s credentials in order to improve and maximize the performance of cash waqf in Indonesia.


2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (S4) ◽  
pp. 81-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Anne Viverette ◽  
Jennifer Leaning ◽  
Susan K. Steeg ◽  
Kristine M. Gebbie ◽  
Maureen Litchveld

The Commission on the Accreditation of Law Enforcement (CALEA) employs rigorous evaluation techniques. Objective accreditation, such as made possible by CALEA, is important from the public’s perspective and in the national community of law enforcement.To counteract a general distrust of law enforcement agencies, the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) developed a grant to develop standards by which the quality and performance of law enforcement could be measured. LEAA developed 107 standards and, though well received by the law enforcement community, no single group or agency took the initiative to begin a program to evaluate and implement the standards. In 1979, the Department of Justice established an additional grant that effectively organized the four major law enforcement groups: the International Association of Chiefs of Police, the National Sheriff’s Association, the National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives, and the Police Executive Research Forum.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 606-618
Author(s):  
Olena Kozynets ◽  
Alla Nitchenko ◽  
Andrii Kholostenko ◽  
Petro Zhovtan ◽  
Larysa Luhosh

The global transformations of the economy through the system of information technologies have led to the spread of new manifestations of crime, mainly in the areas of money transfer, foreign exchange transactions, international logistics schemes. Consequently, there is a need to develop highly effective tools and methods of law enforcement agencies in the sphere of economic law infringements. The purpose of the research is to investigate modern tools and methods used in the activities of law enforcement agencies in order to prevent economic law infringements. The research methods are as follows: systematization, generalization, analysis of the regulatory framework, the method of comparative analysis; system and logical analysis, method of information synthesis; quantitative method. Results. The means and methods of work of law enforcement agencies in the field of economic law infringements have been analyzed in the academic paper. A comparative analysis of the application of tools and methods of law enforcement agencies in the field of economic law infringements in European countries has been conducted. It has been noted that they have been experiencing significant structural and technological changes, which makes it possible to more effectively identify economic violations of the law and prevent their implementation in various spheres of economic activity. The necessity of introducing modern information and technological methods of work of law enforcement agencies in order to overcome the growing number of economic law infringements has been proved. The concept of modern tools and methods of counteraction to economic law infringements has been considered and the further development of system of means and methods of counteraction to economic law infringements has been offered. The results of the research can be used to study trends in the development of tools and methods of law enforcement agencies in the field of economic violations of the law.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
Ni Made Trisna Dewi,Reido Lardiza Fahrial

Abuse in the electronic transaction because it is formed from an electronic process, so the object changes, the goods become electronic data and the evidence is electronic.  Referring to the provisions of positive law in Indonesia, there are several laws and regulations that have set about electronic evidence as legal evidence before the court but there is still debate between the usefulness and function of the electronic evidence itself, from that background in  The following problems can be formulated, How do law enforcement from investigations, prosecutions to criminal case decisions in cybercrimes and How is the use of electronic evidence in criminal case investigations in cybercrimes This research uses normative research methods that are moving from the existence of norm conflicts between the Criminal Procedure Code and  ITE Law Number 19 Year 2016 in the use of evidence.  The law enforcement process of the investigator, the prosecution until the court's decision cannot run in accordance with the provisions of ITE Law Number 19 of 2016, because in interpreting the use of electronic evidence still refers to Article 184 paragraph (1) KUHAP of the Criminal Procedure Code stated that the evidence used  Legitimate are: witness statements, expert statements, letters, instructions and statements of the accused so that the application of the ITE Law cannot be applied effectively The conclusion of this research is that law enforcement using electronic evidence in cyber crime cannot stand alone because the application of the Act  - ITE Law Number 19 Year 2016 still refers to the Criminal Code so that the evidence that is clear before the trial still refers to article 184 paragraph (1) KUHAP of the Criminal Procedure Code and the strength of proof of electronic evidence depends on the law enforcement agencies interpreting it because all electronic evidence is classified into  in evidence in the form of objects as  so there is a need for confidence from the legal apparatus in order to determine the position and truth of the electronic evidence.   Penyalahgunaan didalam transaksi elektronik tersebut karena terbentuk dari suatu proses elektronik, sehingga objeknya pun berubah, barang menjadi data elektronik dan alat buktinya pun bersifat elektronik. Mengacu pada ketentuan hukum positif di Indonesia, ada beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan yang telah mengatur mengenai alat bukti elektronik sebagai alat bukti yang sah di muka pengadilan tetapi tetap masih ada perdebatan antara kegunaan dan fungsi dari alat bukti elektronik itu sendiri, dari latar belakang tersebut di atas dapat dirumuskan masalah sebagai berikut, Bagaimana penegakkan hukum dari penyidikan, penuntutan sampai putusan perkara pidana dalam kejahatan cyber dan Bagaimanakah penggunaan bukti elektronik dalam pemeriksaan perkara pidana dalam kejahatan cyber Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif yakni beranjak dari adanya konflik norma antara KUHAP dengan Undang-undang ITE Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 dalam penggunaan alat bukti. Proses penegakkan hukum dari penyidik, penuntutan sampai pada putusan pengadilan tidak dapat berjalan sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang-undang ITE Nomor 19 Tahun 2016, karena dalam melakukan penafsiran terhadap penggunaan alat bukti Elektronik masih mengacu pada Pasal 184 ayat (1) KUHAP disebutkan bahwa alat bukti yang sah adalah: keterangan saksi, keterangan ahli, surat, petunjuk dan keterangan terdakwa. sehingga penerapan Undang-undang ITE tidak dapat diterapkan secara efektiv. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penegakan hukum dengan menggunakan alat bukti elektronik dalam kejahatan cyber tidak bisa berdiri sendiri karena penerapan Undang-Undang ITE Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tetap merujuk kepada KUHP sehingga alat bukti yang sah di muka persidangan tetap mengacu pada pasal 184 ayat (1) KUHAP dan Kekuatan pembuktian alat bukti elektronik tersebut tergantung dari aparat hukum dalam menafsirkannya karena semua alat bukti elektronik tersebut digolongkan ke dalam alat bukti berupa benda sebagai petunjuk sehingga diperlukan juga keyakinan dari aparat hukum agar bisa menentukan posisi dan kebenaran dari alat bukti elektronik tersebut.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gilbert ◽  
Georgina Heydon

Nation states increasingly apply electronic surveillance techniques to combat serious and organised crime after broadening and deepening their national security agendas. Covertly obtained recordings from telephone interception and listening devices of conversations related to suspected criminal activity in Languages Other Than English (LOTE) frequently contain jargon and/or code words. Community translators and interpreters are routinely called upon to transcribe intercepted conversations into English for evidentiary purposes. This paper examines the language capabilities of community translators and interpreters undertaking this work for law enforcement agencies in the Australian state of Victoria. Using data collected during the observation of public court trials, this paper presents a detailed analysis of Vietnamese-to-English translated transcripts submitted as evidence by the Prosecution in drug-related criminal cases. The data analysis reveals that translated transcripts presented for use as evidence in drug-related trials contain frequent and significant errors. However, these discrepancies are difficult to detect in the complex environment of a court trial without the expert skills of an independent discourse analyst fluent in both languages involved. As a result, trials tend to proceed without the reliability of the translated transcript being adequately tested.


Author(s):  
Vasyl Khmyz ◽  
◽  
Ruslan Skrynkovskyy ◽  
Tetiana Protsiuk ◽  
Mariana Khmyz ◽  
...  

The article reveals the role of the prosecutor's office of Ukraine in the process and in order to ensure guarantees of the independence of judges and the authority of the judiciary. A study of the legislative framework of Ukraine proves that the role of the prosecutor's office in the process of ensuring guarantees of the independence of judges and the authority of justice is regulated by the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine «On the Prosecutor's Office», the Law of Ukraine «On the Judicial System and the Status of Judges», the Code of Professional Ethics and Conduct of Prosecutors, the Criminal Procedure Code Of Ukraine, the Criminal Code of Ukraine, as well as other regulatory documents. It was found that the judge, performing professional activities in the direction of the administration of justice, is independent of the various influences, pressure or interference, which are illegal. The legislation of Ukraine determines that the principle of the independence of the judge indicates that the judge is not obliged to provide explanations regarding the nature and content of the cases being pending, with the exception of cases established by law. State authorities, local self- government bodies, officials and officials of these bodies, individuals and legal entities and associations of such persons should respect the independence of judges and in no case should encroach on it. It was determined that one of the principles on the basis of which the professional activities of the prosecution authorities are based is the principle of respect for the independence of judges. It has been proved that the High Council of Justice always adheres to the position of unconditionally ensuring the independence of judges and establishing this direction as a priority type of activity for law enforcement agencies, in particular, for the prosecutor's office. Fast and quality investigation of crimes related to the professional activities of judges will, first of all, contribute to the observance of constitutional law regarding the principle of access to justice.. It is noted that the prospects for further research in this direction are the study of the legal basis for the observance of the principle of the rule of law and legality by the judiciary in the context of performing professional activities.


Author(s):  
Sergey Vasilievich Mudritsky ◽  

The article deals with the development of entrepreneurship in the new economic conditions, analyzes and reveals the concept and essence of the protection of the rights of entrepreneurs, the legal aspects of forms and methods of protecting the rights of subjects of entrepreneurship, the methods of restoration functions of violated rights in the law enforcement legal relations.


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