scholarly journals The external environment of birds as a factor of immunobiochemical conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Rinat R. Fatkullin ◽  
Aikumis K. Saken
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Abnormal environmental factors contribute to advanced behavioral strategies in higher regulatory centers as well as to the assessment of possible morphofunctional and energy transformations in the body. Animals, especially birds, which are characterized by curiosity, are highly sensitive to the presence of environmental pollution, since they interact with elements of the environment and surroundings. Contamination of broiler products can also be caused by contaminated soil and dust, unknown sources of persistent heavy metals and organic pollutants that are unknown to the public, such as car wreckage, household waste, and so on. In general, adverse factors that regularly affect small details do not require significant changes in the body at the initial stage, mainly affect non-specific mechanisms that lead to long-term activation. The paper contains significant work based on the analysis of microbiogenic links in the trophic chain, but the formation of processes associated with metabolic disorders from the development of trace elements to clinical manifestations is still insufficiently studied, so it is difficult to diagnose and treat previously unknown animal diseases in veterinary practice.

Clinical, morphological and biochemical signs of polymycotoxicosis in highly productive cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Irina A. Shkuratova ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila I. Drozdova ◽  
Aleksander I. Belousov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Hepatorenal Syndrome ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Structural Disorders ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Mycotoxicological monitoring of forages shows that the problem of mycotoxicosis has been relevant for several decades. Minimal doses of mycotoxins in feed lead to a decrease in milk productivity, increased sensitivity to infectious and non-infectious diseases. When several mycotoxins enter the body simultaneously, a synergistic effect develops, causing a significant increase in toxicity. Feed contaminated with several types of fungi and their toxins is dangerous for dairy cattle. It was found that the feed mixture contained the types of associations of Aspergillus spp. fungi + Fusarium; Aspergillus spp. + Penicillium spp. + Mucor spp; Fusarium + Penicillium; Mucor spp. + Fusarium + Ustilaginales. Pathogenetic features of metabolic and morphological changes in highly productive cows with polymycotoxicosis were studied. Feeding food contaminated with various metabolites of mold fungi leads to the development of signs of chronic toxemia in animals. Clinical manifestations are the development of diarrhea and dehydration, with a decrease in milk productivity. Metabolic disorders feature the development of an inflammatory process, metabolic acidosis, hyperfermentonemia, with an increase in the amount of creatinine and urea in the blood serum. Metabolic signs indicate the development of hepatorenal syndrome due to structural disorders of the liver and kidneys. Histological signs of polymicotoxicosis are intracapillary and hemorrhagic glomerulonephritis, hepatocyte micronecrosis, and proliferation of connective tissue stroma cells, which leads to the development of atrophic cirrhosis in the interstitial and circular phases.

scholarly journals Hg2+ Optical Fiber Sensor Based on LSPR Generated by Gold Nanoparticles Embedded in LBL Nano-Assembled Coatings

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 4906 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Elena Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Javier Goicoechea ◽  
Francisco J. Arregui
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Optical Fiber Sensor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Assembly Technique

Mercury is an important contaminant since it is accumulated in the body of living beings, and very small concentrations are very dangerous in the long term. This paper reports the fabrication of a highly sensitive fiber optic sensor using the layer-by-layer nano-assembly technique with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The gold nanoparticles were obtained via a water-based synthesis route that use poly acrylic acid (PAA) as stabilizing agent, in the presence of a borane dimethylamine complex (DMAB) as reducing agent, giving PAA-capped AuNPs. The sensing mechanism is based on the alteration of the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances (LSPR) generated by AuNPs thanks to the strong chemical affinity of metallic mercury towards gold, which lead to amalgam alloys.

scholarly journals Modern aspects of neuropathogenesis and neurological manifestations of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
L.A. Dziak ◽  
O.S. Tsurkalenko ◽  
K.V. Chekha ◽  
V.M. Suk
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Altered Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Coronavirus infection is a systemic pathology resulting in impairment of the nervous system. The involvement of the central nervous system in COVID-19 is diverse by clinical manifestations and main mechanisms. The mechanisms of interrelations between SARS-CoV-2 and the nervous system include a direct virus-induced lesion of the central nervous system, inflammatory-mediated impairment, thrombus burden, and impairment caused by hypoxia and homeostasis. Due to the multi-factor mechanisms (viral, immune, hypoxic, hypercoagulation), the SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause a wide range of neurological disorders involving both the central and peripheral nervous system and end organs. Dizziness, headache, altered level of consciousness, acute cerebrovascular diseases, hypogeusia, hyposmia, peripheral neuropathies, sleep disorders, delirium, neuralgia, myalgia are the most common signs. The structural and functional changes in various organs and systems and many neurological symptoms are determined to persist after COVID-19. Regardless of the numerous clinical reports about the neurological and psychiatric symptoms of COVID-19 as before it is difficult to determine if they are associated with the direct or indirect impact of viral infection or they are secondary to hypoxia, sepsis, cytokine reaction, and multiple organ failure. Penetrated the brain, COVID-19 can impact the other organs and systems and the body in general. Given the mechanisms of impairment, the survivors after COVID-19 with the infection penetrated the brain are more susceptible to more serious diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, cognitive decline, multiple sclerosis, and other autoimmune diseases. Given the multi-factor pathogenesis of COVID-19 resulting in long-term persistence of the clinical symptoms due to impaired neuroplasticity and neurogenesis followed by cholinergic deficiency, the usage of Neuroxon® 1000 mg a day with twice-day dosing for 30 days. Also, a long-term follow-up and control over the COVID-19 patients are recommended for the prophylaxis, timely determination, and correction of long-term complications.

scholarly journals Disseminated Nocardia infection in a female patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and long-term glucocorticoid use

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Li ◽  
Qingbian Ma ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Yaan Zheng ◽  
Yujiao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Patient ◽  
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Insidious Onset

Introduction: Nocardiosis is a rare kind of opportunistic infections. Because of its insidious onset and atypical clinical manifestations, diagnosis and early treatment are often delayed. Case presentation: Here we present a 60-year-old Chinese female patient with systemic Nocardia infection, who had been diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura previously and was misdiagnosed for up to 6 months prior to presenting at our hospital and ultimately achieved clinical cure. Discussion: The patient took prednisone because of ITP for several years which led to immunosuppression. Nocardia infection began from the skin rupture and then spread all over the body with multiple system involvement. The pus culture eventually found Nocardia. Sulphonamides have been the standard treatment for decades and there are several other options. Patients with severe Nocardia infection or immunosuppression are suggested a combined therapy. Conclusion: Nocardiosis is an infection that often resulted in delayed diagnosis because of lack of specificity of the clinical profile and the difficulty in culturing the bacteria. It should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients in which there are cutaneous, respiratory or neurological manifestations, especially in immunosuppressed individuals.

Correlation of essential microelements in large horned cattle in mother-offspring system as factor in development of immunosuppressive state

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Tatyana M. Ushakova ◽  
◽  
Ivan V. Kapelist ◽  
Galina A. Zelenkova ◽  
Tatyana N. Derezina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Hypochromic Anemia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Mineral Supply ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
Biogeochemical Provinces ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Biological Organisms

The nature of the mineral supply of certain biogeochemical provinces and their correlative interactions within biological organisms determine the degree of development of immunosuppressive states in animals. So we studied the level of minerals in the samples of hair and blood in cattle in the «mother-offspring» system and established the nature of the correlation of cobalt, zinc, iron and copper. It has been proven that low levels of cobalt (cows - 429.30 ± 4.05 nmol/l and calves - 430.80 ± 5.60 nmol / L) and zinc (cows - 7.21 ± 0.20 pmol/l and calves - 7.60 ± 0.15 pmol/l) against the threshold values of iron (cows - 17.90 ± 1.30 pmol/l and calves - 18.40 ± 1.80 pmol/l) and copper (cows - 13.90 ± 1.80 pmol/l and calves - 14.08 ± 1.05 pmol/l) in the blood caused hematopoietic function impairment and led to the development of mild hypochromic anemia (erythrocytes: cows - 6.01 ± 0.40x1012/l and calves - 6.36±0.50x1012/l) in animals in the «mother-offspring» system. In addition, metabolic disorders caused by nutritional deficiency of zinc contributed to a decrease in the synthesis of alkaline phosphatase (cows - 87.90 ± 5.10 U/l and calves - 126.80±4.02 U/l), exacerbating the disorder of erythropoietic function of red bone animal brain. A long-term imbalance of copper and zinc in the nutrient substrates of the studied animals was revealed, as evidenced by the results of a mineralogram of hairline samples (copper: cows - 13.910 ± 0.67 mg/kg and calves - 12.609 ± 0.70 mg/kg; zinc: cows - 57.960 ± 0.90 mg/kg and calves 60.315 ± 0.99 mg/kg), which ultimately led to a deficiency of zinc in the body, leading to the development of an immunosuppressive state (Ig M: cows - 0.99 ± 0.15 mg/ml and calves - 1.64 ± 0.05 mg/ml; Ig A: cows - 0.30 ± 0.05 mg/ml and calves - 2.05 ± 0.10 mg/ml).

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and the Endocrine System

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle D Lundholm ◽  
Caroline Poku ◽  
Nicholas Emanuele ◽  
Mary Ann Emanuele ◽  
Norma Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Active Area ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Abstract As SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) overtakes the world, causing moderate to severe disease in about 15% of infected patients, COVID-19 is also found to have widespread effects throughout the body with a myriad of clinical manifestations including the endocrine system. This manuscript reviews what is known about the impact of COVID-19 on the pathophysiology and management of diabetes (both outpatient and inpatient) as well as pituitary, adrenal, thyroid, bone, and gonadal function. Findings in this area are evolving, and long-term effects of infection remain an active area of further research.

Towards nanomedicines: design protocols to assemble, visualize and test carbon nanotube probes for multi-modality biomedical imaging

2010 ◽  
Vol 368 (1924) ◽  
pp. 3683-3712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia I. Pascu ◽  
Rory L. Arrowsmith ◽  
Simon R. Bayly ◽  
Simon Brayshaw ◽  
Zhiyuan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Teams ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Public ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Synthetic Scaffolds ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Sites Of Action

Nanomedicine is an interdisciplinary field, still in its infancy, where an accurate scientific assessment of potential risks and benefits is urgently needed, as is the engagement of end users and the public in this facet of the nanotechnology debate. There is increasing interest in improving our understanding of the interactions between nanomaterials and living systems, with regard to both the underlying chemistry and the physics of effects on the nanoscale. Ultimately, such knowledge promises new vistas for designing the ‘smart’ medicines of the future, of which targeted personalized drugs are the holy grail. Imaging and therapeutic components, including metallic radioisotopes, semiconductor quantum dots and magnetic materials, may be used to construct ‘nanocarriers’ (by encapsulation or conjugation) by rapid and simple (covalent and supramolecular) chemistry. The biomedical functions of the resulting materials are as yet largely unexplored. Encapsulation in nanocarriers could achieve delivery of the reagents (imaging and therapeutic drugs) to the sites of action in the body, while minimizing systemic toxicity and enzymatic degradation. These functional systems have the potential to become a general solution in drug delivery. Here we review recent developments concerning the applications of nanoparticles, including carbon nanotubes, as synthetic scaffolds for designing nanomedicines. This article will also focus on how understanding and design at the molecular level could help interdisciplinary teams develop research towards new diagnostics and therapeutics both in the short and the long term.

scholarly journals Perception of Researchers & Academicians of Parul University towards Research Data Management System & Role of Library

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana R Bunkar ◽  
Dhaval D. Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Data Management System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Data Management ◽  
Initial Stage

Research data management is a system that helps in archiving and retrieving of research data to reuse and preserving them for long term use. Many universities in developed countries have already started providing RDM services to their researchers and academicians. In India, it is still in the initial stage. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the perceptions of researchers and academicians of Parul University on research data management and research data sharing. It also explores the ways the researchers preserved their research data for future use. It also explores the ways the library can take initiatives to encourage and extend support to the researchers and academicians to the organisation, preservation, and sharing of research data. To investigate and study the problem 100 questionnaires were distributed. There are 88 responses we received out of 100. The study revealed that the majority of respondents were agreeing about the research data sharing and free accessibility of research data to browse and reuse. Researchers are very much interested and agreed in the library’s involvement in organizing and preservation of research data. Researchers and faculty members are more concerned about their intellectual property rights while sharing the data on the public domain.

scholarly journals Correction of metabolism, milk production and reproductive function of cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.F. Eryzhenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Reproductive Ability

Diseases associated with the violation of metabolic processes in the body of cows in the perinatal period are widespread and cause great economic damage. The transition to an industrial basis has increased the severity of this problem. On dairy complexes, violations of many types of metabolism in animals are observed simultaneously, since a change in one entails disorders of others. These disorders develop within the framework of unified mechanisms of inclusion of adaptive processes, when, along with specific syndromes of the disease, there are signs of a general non-specific reaction of the body, which is universal. Diseases occur with a violation of all types of metabolism with a long, latent, asymptomatic course and in the future with the manifestation of nosologically differentiated forms of pathology. The degree of clinical manifestations of metabolic disorders in cattle is different depending on the nature and duration of the imbalance of nutrients, deficiency or excess of some nutrients or complex, the level of milk productivity of animals, conditions, actions, environmental factors, etc. In case of metabolic disorders in cows, fatness, productivity, reproductive ability, resistance and reactivity in response to environmental factors, including various diseases, are reduced. To reduce the severity of this problem, a metabolic composition based on succinic acid with introductory components is proposed as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent that can be included in the metabolic processes of the body and have an effective effect on the metabolism, milk productivity and reproductive function of cows in the perinatal period.

scholarly journals Polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical and pathogenetic aspects of a multidisciplinary problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
V.G. Syusyuka ◽  
M.Y. Sergienko ◽  
G.I. Makurina ◽  
O.A. Yershova ◽  
A.S. Chornenka
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

The article presents data from guidelines, consensus and literature sources on the modern point of view regarding to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and principles of treatment of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. It is a systemic pathology that occurs in women of any age, from puberty to menopause, involving almost all systems of the body in the process. The work focuses on the variability of the clinical manifestations of this syndrome, which is characterized by menstrual irregularities, infertility, polycystic changes in the ovaries according to ultrasound, dermatopathies and metabolic disorders. The main purpose of diagnosing the syndrome is to determine the severity of clinical manifestations, the sources and pathogenesis of androgen hyperproduction, the impact on reproductive function, as well as the assessment of metabolic and cardiovascular risks. Given the multifaceted clinical manifestations, the management of women with polycystic ovary syndrome requires a multidisciplinary approach, and pathogenetic therapy should include normalization of the hormonal profile and menstrual function, treatment of dermatopathies, correction of metabolic disorders, treatment of infertility (if pregnancy is relevant), etc.

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