scholarly journals The assessment of drought resistance of Hydrangea paniculata Siebold varieties promising for the introduction in the Bashkir Cis-Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Fanuza Kavievna Murzabulatova ◽  
Natalia Viktorovna Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Total Moisture Content

The paper studies the water regime of panicle hydrangea and 16 varieties of this species introduced into South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences. The purpose of the work is a comparative assessment of hydrangea varieties resistance to drought and the identification of the most promising taxa suitable for cultivation in the Bashkir Cis-Urals. The study assesses the total moisture content, water retention capacity and the content of mobile moisture in hydrangea leaves for the growing season. It has been found that the total moisture content (water content in the tissues) of panicle hydrangea leaves and its varieties is quite high and ranges from 72 to 82%. Certain varieties (Bobo, Levana, Phantom, PrimWhite, Silver Dollar, Sandy Fraise, Unique) have an ability to increase water retention during flowering. The following varieties are most adapted to dry periods under growing conditions in the forest-steppe zone of the Bashkir Urals: Kyushu, Prim White and Wims Red, the least drought-resistant ones are Tardiva, Sandy Fraise and Praecox; the other 10 varieties are classified as hydrangeas with medium drought resistance. H. paniculata has average values for all parameters of the water regime and their value does not depend on the phenophase.

scholarly journals Study of the influence of adaptogens on the water regime of some varieties of the genus Chrysanthemum L. during the introduction into the Bashkir Pre-Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (11) ◽  
pp. 2-13
Author(s):  
Svetlana Denisova ◽  
Antonina Reut
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Total Water Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Retention Capacity

Abstract. Purpose. Study of the effect of anti-stress adaptogens on the water regime of some varieties of chrysanthemum in the conditions of the Bashkir Pre-Urals. Methodology and methods. The analysis of indicators of water regime is based on the method of artificial wilting (V. N. Tarenkov, L. N. Ivanova) and the method of saturation of plant samples (V. P. Moiseev, N. P. Reshetskiy). Plants were processed once, and samples were taken in three terms. Calculations were carried out by standard methods using statistical packages of the Microsoft Excel 2003 and the Agros 2.13. Results. The dynamics of indicators of the water regime during the treatment with the preparations “Gumi-20” and “Oberig” is analyzed. An assessment of the total water content, water retention capacity, daily moisture loss and water deficit of ten varieties of chrysanthemum bred by the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of UFRC RAS (SUBGI UFRC RAS) in the period under study is given. Studies have shown that varieties of chrysanthemum in the Bashkir Ural under the same soil-climatic and agrotechnical conditions had the following indicators: total water content ‒ 69.4–86.9 %, water-holding capacity ‒ 25.6–53.8 %, daily moisture loss ‒ 17.2–61.0 %, water deficit ‒ 10.9–13.2 %. The use of anti-stress adaptogens did not have a significant effect on the parameters of the water regime, or their effect was variety-specific. As a result of the correlation-regression analysis, inverse relationships were revealed between the indicators of water deficit and the total water content, as well as between the daily water loss and water retention capacity. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the water regime of varieties of chrysanthemum of the SUBGI UFRC RAS selection was studied, the dependences of the water regime indicators were revealed, and the assessment of the expediency of using anti-stress adaptogens for certain varieties in the conditions of the Bashkir Pre-Urals was given.

scholarly journals WATER REGIME OF SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS IRIS L. DURING INTRODUCTION IN THE SOUTHERN URALS

Ekosistemy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
L. F. Beksheneva ◽  
A. A. Reut
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Local Species

The article presents the results of a study of the parameters of the water regime of irises of the subgenus Xyridion introduced in the Southern Urals (Iris graminea, I. halophila, I. halophila var. sogdiana, I. notha, I. orientalis, I. spuria, I. spuria subsp. carthaliniae, I. spuria subsp. musulmanica) in comparison with local species (I. sibirica, I. pseudacorus, I. pumila). The experiments were carried out on the basis of the laboratory of introduction and selection of flower plants of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences. The objects of the study were different ecological groups of plants in relation to water ‒ hydrophytes, mesophytes and xeromesophytes. The water deficit of leaves and accompanying characteristics (relative turgescence) were determined by saturation of plant samples according to methodological guidelines; water retention capacity, tissue hydration and the level of daily water loss were determined by artificial wilting. The obtained results characterize the peculiarities of the water regime of irises and indicate significant interspecific differences. It was revealed that the flora of the Republic of Bashkortostan contains plants both with a wide range of variability of water retention capacity (I. pumila) and with a fairly conservative one (I. pseudacorus, I. sibirica). Both strategies are successful in the continental climate of the Southern Urals. Introduced taxa of the subgenus Xyridion also keep to a particular strategy and it can be considered an indicator of successful introduction. It is shown that local species of irises do not form a water deficit in conditions of excessive moisture, while 6 taxa of the subgenus Xyridion have an average level of water deficit. According to the sum of indicators, the studied taxa belong to the groups with medium and high stability of the water regime due to low water deficit, high water retention capacity and hydration. These parameters are found in various combinations and sustain the stability of the water regime of cultivars. The studied physiological indicators can be used to assess the success of introduction in comparison with local control species.

scholarly journals Effect of drying temperature on quality of β-glucan in white oat grains

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro da Conceição Oliveira ◽  
Maurício Oliveira ◽  
Volnei Luiz Meneghetti ◽  
Simone Mazzutti ◽  
Luciane Maria Colla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Harvest Moisture ◽  
Water Holding

Oats have received attention because of their nutritional characteristics, especially their high-quality content of β-glucan. The drying process reduces water content; therefore they can be preserved for long periods. However, high-temperature drying process may affect the physical, chemical, and functional properties of the grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different drying temperatures on β-glucan quality in oat grains. Grains of oats (Avena sativa, L.), cultivar Albasul, harvested at harvest moisture content of 23% were submitted to stationary drying at air temperatures of 25, 50, 75, and 100 ºC until they reached 13% moisture content. The β-glucan content was determined in samples of oat grains and extraction was performed using water as solvent at 90 ºC. The β-glucan extract was evaluated for water holding capacity, water retention capacity, capacity of displacement, and gelation properties. Stationary of oat grains at air temperatures above 25 ºC decreased the water holding capacity, whereas the content of β-glucan and the water retention capacity of β-glucan extract was affected at temperatures above 50 ºC. Physical changes such as increased gelation capacity of the β-glucan extract occurred following drying at air temperature over 75 ºC.

scholarly journals Assessment of drought resistance in sorghum CMS lines based on various sterility sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
O. P. Kibalnik ◽  
T. V. Larina ◽  
O. B. Kameneva ◽  
D. S. Semin
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Global Climate Changes ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
Cms Line

Background. Global climate changes have recently led to a more frequent occurrence of adverse factors and a decrease in the productivity of major crops. Sorghum is a highly drought-resistant crop that can tolerate long-term soil and air droughts with much lower harvest losses than wheat or barley. It is important to understand physiological mechanisms affecting drought tolerance when breeding efforts are aimed at improving the adaptability to abiotic conditions and productivity of sorghum hybrids.Materials and methods. Twenty sterile lines of grain sorghum with 8 types of CMS were studied in 2019 and 2020 in the arid conditions of Saratov Province. Indicators of the leaf water regime were assessed according to VIR’s guidelines. Statistical processing of the research results was performed using the AGROS 2.09 software.Results. The indicators of the leaf water regime that reflected differentiated responses of the CMS-line plants to the prevailing water and temperature stressors during the critical flowering period for sorghum were analyzed. Four CMS lines were identified according to the chosen set of indicators: they manifested 71.13–72.02% of total water content, 5.26–9.08% of water deficit, and 57.40–83.17% of water retention capacity on average for the two years of research. For the first time, the effect of CMS in sorghum on the manifestation of water regime indicators was registered. In isonuclear CMS lines, the greatest effect on drought resistance was shown by cytoplasm A3 versus A4 (with the Zheltozernoe 10 genome), cytoplasm A5 versus A1 (with the Karlik 4v genome), and M35-1A versus the analog on cytoplasm 9E (with the Pischevoe 614 genome).Conclusion. It is shown that genetically different types of sterility can be used in breeding practice to increase the resistance to abiotic stressors in components of F1 crosses and hybrids.

scholarly journals Water regime Poaceae family species in the drought conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 190 (11) ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
М. Власенко ◽  
M. Vlasenko ◽  
К. Трубакова ◽  
K. Trubakova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Poaceae Family

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to consider the patterns of water regime of plants in dry conditions, depending on changes in environmental conditions and plant physiology. The objectives of the research included: identifying abilities of Poaceae family herbs (Festuca pratensis, Bromus inermis L., Agropyron cristatum L., Agropyrum Gaertn.) introduced into crops on the vegetation sites of the lysimetric complex of the Federal Science Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Volgograd) to sustainability in adverse environmental conditions. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The study contributes to the solution of issues of effective prediction of the productivity of forage grasses, since water-regime patterns of growth and development of vegetation must be taken into account when developing optimal growing methods. Methods. The determination of the water-holding capacity of herbs was carried out according to the Arlanda method and is based on taking into account the water loss by plants. The intensity of transpiration was determined by the method of fast weighing the selected sheet of L. А. Ivanov. A description of the mechanism of water retention by plants with an increase in drought is given. Results. As a result, it has been established that perennial grasses of the family Poaceae have a high potential for resistance to soil and atmospheric drought. The largest water retention capacity is: Bromus inermis L. (87.8%), Agropyrum Gaertn. (87.1 %) and Agropyron cristatum L. (87.0 %). The ability to change water retention capacity can be viewed not only as an adaptive function in changing environmental conditions, but also as a dynamic process that characterizes the natural course of the metabolism of cells and tissues during ontogenesis. Indicators of transpiration intensity in species of the Poaceae family usually reach a maximum up to high midday temperatures. The highest rates were found in Bromus inermis L. and Agropyrum Gaertn., for which in the morning they reached 1.41–1.42 g/dm2-h.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Functional Properties of Dietary Fibre Concentrates from Winemaking By-Products: Skins, Stems and Lees

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1510
Author(s):  
María Ángeles Rivas ◽  
Rocío Casquete ◽  
María de Guía Córdoba ◽  
Santiago Ruíz-Moyano ◽  
María José Benito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Oil Retention ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
By Products

The objective of this study was to evaluate, from a technological and nutritional point of view, the chemical composition and functional properties of the industrial winemaking by-products, namely skins, stems and lees. The chemical and physical characteristics, as well as the functional properties (fat and water retention and swelling capacity, antioxidant capacity, and their prebiotic effect), of the dietary fibre of these by-products were studied. The results showed that the skins, stems, and lees are rich in fibre, with the stem fibre containing the highest amounts of non-extractable polyphenols attached to polysaccharides with high antioxidant activity and prebiotic effect. Lee fibre had the highest water retention capacity and oil retention capacity. The results reveal that winemaking by-products could be used as a source of dietary fibre with functional characteristics for food applications.

Host preferences of low-trunk vascular epiphytes in a cloud forest of Veracruz, Mexico

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Mehltreter ◽  
Alejandro Flores-Palacios ◽  
José G. García-Franco
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Vascular Epiphytes ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Epiphyte Species

The diversity, abundance and frequency of vascular epiphytes on the lower trunk were compared between two host groups of a Mexican cloud forest: angiosperm trees (n = 72) and tree ferns (n = 28). The bark of the five most frequent host trees and the root mantle of the two tree ferns were analysed for their thickness, water content, water retention capacity and pH. A total of 55 epiphyte species and 910 individuals were found on the 27 host species. On hosts with a dbh range of 5–10 cm, epiphytes were significantly more diverse (4.3±0.9 species per host) and more abundant (12.5±2.2 individuals per host) on tree ferns than on angiosperm trees (1.9±0.2 species per host and 3.9±0.6 individuals per host). However, these differences were not significant for the dbh class of 10–20 cm, because epiphyte numbers increased on angiosperm trees with larger host size, but not in tree ferns. Most epiphyte species had no preference for any host group, but four species were significantly more frequent on tree ferns and two species on angiosperm trees. The higher epiphyte diversity and abundance on tree fern trunks of the smallest dbh class is attributed to their presumably greater age and to two stem characteristics, which differed significantly between host groups, the thicker root mantle and higher water retention capacity of tree ferns. These bark characteristics may favour germination and establishment of epiphytes.

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