Pathophysiologic Aspects of Soft Tissue Microcirculation in the Zone of Long Bones Pseudarthrosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
S. P Mironov ◽  
N. A Es’kin ◽  
A. I Krupatkin ◽  
G. A Kesyan ◽  
R. Z Urazgil’deev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Surrounding Soft Tissue ◽  
Prognostic Importance ◽  
Tissue Circulation ◽  
Functional Examination

Thirty four patients with delayed consolidating fractures and long bones pseudarthrosis and 30 healthy individuals (control group) were examined using laser Doppler flowmetry and computed thermography. It was shown that during the osteogenesis process no isolated changes in bone circulation took place but the potentialities of blood flow in the extremity segment as a whole were mobilized. Important role of bone surrounding soft tissue circulation for provision of adequate osteogenesis was confirmed. In case of pseudarthrosis formation microcirculation system, especially its nutrient part, responded «keenly» to the changes in regional metabolism and bone regeneration. That stipulated diagnostic and prognostic importance of soft tissue microhemocirculation study in the zone of pseudarthrosis. Preoperative functional examination of soft tissue circulation enabled to determine risk group for nonconsolidation ordelayed consolidation of fractures. For better result special treatment tactics can be used (osteogenesis stimulators, free vascularized autografts, etc.).

scholarly journals Neurovascular Interrelations and Tissue Microcirculation in Posttraumatic Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
A I Krupatkin ◽  
M A Berglezov ◽  
V A Kolosov ◽  
A I Krupatkin ◽  
M A Berglezov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Vasomotor Function

Thirty eight patients with posttraumatic reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) of upper extremities and 28 healthy individuals of the same age (control group) were examined using computer laser doppler flowmetry (LDF) and wavelet-analysis of amplitude-frequency spectrum of fluctuations of microvascular circulation. RDS prevailed in patients with primary warm forms, increase ofportion of shunt circulation, decrease of sympathetic activity and its breakdown at activation. Patients with primary cold forms were characterized by inconstant increase of neurogenic tonus of microvessels at rest. Prolong activation of peptidergenic function of sensory fibres supporting neurogenic inflammation, edema and pain syndrome were typical. One could not exclude that sympathetic vasomotor function and sympathetic support of pain may innervated by different groups of sympathetic neurons. Objective assessment of perivascular innervation and tissue microcirculation is of great clinical importance for individual RSD treatment protocol. Use of LDF is reasonable for early diagnosis of RSD, determination the role of sympathetic and peptidergenic mechanisms in RSD pathogenesis and indications for sympathetic blockades and capsaicin.

Skeletal buffering of acute metabolic acidosis

1975 ◽  
Vol 229 (6) ◽  
pp. 1618-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Bettice ◽  
Gamble JL
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Acid Infusion ◽  
Bone Water ◽  
Acute Metabolic Acidosis

Decreases in the sodium content of bone were measured to evaluate the role of this tissue in the buffering of acute metabolic acidosis. The bones of rats and dogs were labeled with radiosodium prior to the infusion of HCl, and changes in the radioactivity were used to indicate the loss of bone sodium. Significant reductions in the skeletal sodium occurred within the first 5 h of acidosis, and these losses can only be partially attributed to the hyponatremia accompanying the acid infusion. Decreases were greatest in the smaller bones of the rat; and, in the dog, the losses from flat bones exceeded those of the long bones. Only the rapidly exchangeable sodium of bone was involved in the changes due to acidosis. Soft tissue buffering may be more important initially; during 1.5-h experiments, the skeletal losses were small and could be ascribed almost entirely to the decrease in the amount of sodium contained in bone water. However, at the end of 5.0 h, the quantity of sodium released from the skeleton is sufficient to account for much of the tissue buffering.

Renal cortical and medullary blood flow responses during water restriction: role of vasopressin

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (6) ◽  
pp. R1257-R1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Franchini ◽  
A. W. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Vascular Effect ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Medullary Blood Flow ◽  
Urinary Concentrating Ability ◽  
Interstitial Infusion

Experiments were performed in unanesthetized rats to determine responses to 48 h water restriction of the renal regional microcirculation (cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla) using implanted optical fibers and laser-Doppler flowmetry. The role of vasopressin (AVP) as a mediator of renal regional blood low changes and its contribution to urinary concentrating ability were assessed by continuous intramedullary interstitial infusion of specific V1 receptor antagonist d(CH2)5 [Tyr-(Me)2, Ala-NH2]AVP (2ng . kg-1 . min-1). Inner medullary blood flow decreased 34% at the end of 48 h of water restriction, whereas cortical and outer medullary flow did not change. This fall in inner medullary blood flow was substantially attenuated (18%) by the continuous interstitial infusion of the antagonist. Plasma AVP levels increased from control levels of 3.4 +/- 1.1 to 20.5 +/- 5.4 pg/ml (P < 0.05) by the end of the 48-h period of water restriction. Arterial pressure increased slightly but significantly during water restriction in the control rats. Infusion of antagonist impaired the maximal urinary concentrating ability, as demonstrated by the lower urine osmolality in this group than in the control group (1,893 +/- 49 vs. 2,419 +/- 225 mosmol/kg H2O; P < 0.05) measured during the second day of water restriction. Sodium and urea concentration decreased 20 and 22%, respectively, indicating that both contributed to the lower urine osmolality observed in the group of rats receiving the antagonist. We conclude that water restriction induces a selective decrease in inner medullary blood flow, which is mediated almost completely by endogenously released AVP. This vascular effect of AVP contributes to the maximum concentrating ability of the kidney.

The Role of Family and Psychoticism in Poly-toxicomania

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
R. Sapic ◽  
Z. Krivokapic
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level ◽  
Family Functionality ◽  
Functional Examination ◽  
Significant Factors

Abuse of psychoactive substances, according to its spreading shows epidemic character. Drug addicts are mainly young adults, between 15 and 25 years old, have a predisposition to all kind of addiction, acting in public, without hiding their addiction and very often acting in crime way.The aim of this research is to examine the stage of addict delinquency, his family functionality and the level of psychoticism as person disintegration phenomenon. Three groups were examined: poly toxicoman, psychotic patients and health control group, with use of General questionnaire, GRADIR scale for family functional examination and DELTA scale for grading the grade of psychoticism, as a person disintegration phenomenon.The results showed high level of delinquency among addicts and addict family showed dysfunction. The results showed high level of delinquency among drug addicts and their families are dysfunctional. They are not so defect in emotional exchange as in structure, which is disorder amplification factor leading to addiction. It could be that, if family was more structured and organized, they would not end up as drug addicts.Psychoticism has components of autism, apathy, aggressiveness, asociality. This disorder in cognitive processing, confirmed by DELTA test, showed higher psychoticism dimensions: general executive functions (GEI), schizotypal personality disorder (SHD), paranoia (P) and depression (D), as significant factors for addict development and for the longtime stabile abstinence, which is hard to gain.Pilot study abstinent retesting, one year after the treatment, confirmed their behavior altered (improved results on DELTA scale of psychoticism).

The response of skin perfusion and of rheological and immunological variables to intravenous prostanoid administration in Raynaud’s phenomenon secondary to collagenosis

VASA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drinda ◽  
Neumann ◽  
Pöhlmann ◽  
Vogelsang ◽  
Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry

Background: Prostanoids are used in the treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon and acral perfusion disorders secondary to collagenosis. In subjective terms, intravenous administration of these agents produces success in more than 50% of patients. The therapeutic outcome of clinical administration of alprostadil or iloprost may vary from individual to individual. Patients and methods: The following variables were analysed in a cross-over study in 27 patients with collagenosis and Raynaud’s phenomenon: plasma viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation (rheological variables), partial pressure of oxygen and laser Doppler flowmetry in the finger region, and lymphocyte phenotyping and interleukin (IL) determinations (immunological variables). Results: Laser Doppler flowmetry revealed significant differences between patients with secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon and a control group of 25 healthy subjects. Laser Doppler readings did not change significantly as a result of the treatments. Therapy with iloprost produced a reduction in IL-1beta, L-selectin (CD 62 L) and IL-6. Conclusion: The change in immunological variables due to iloprost may explain the long-term effects of prostaglandins in the treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon. From our results it is not possible to infer any preference for iloprost or alprostadil.

Tryptophan-Niacin Metabolism in Rat with Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukari Egashira ◽  
Shin Nagaki ◽  
Hiroo Sanada
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Puromycin Aminonucleoside ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Key Enzyme

We investigated the change of tryptophan-niacin metabolism in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside PAN-induced nephrosis, the mechanisms responsible for their change of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, and the role of the kidney in tryptophan-niacin conversion. PAN-treated rats were intraperitoneally injected once with a 1.0% (w/v) solution of PAN at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The collection of 24-hour urine was conducted 8 days after PAN injection. Daily urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, liver and blood NAD, and key enzyme activities of tryptophan-niacin metabolism were determined. In PAN-treated rats, the sum of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites was significantly lower compared with controls. The kidneyα-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) activity in the PAN-treated group was significantly decreased by 50%, compared with the control group. Although kidney ACMSD activity was reduced, the conversion of tryptophan to niacin tended to be lower in the PAN-treated rats. A decrease in urinary excretion of niacin and the conversion of tryptophan to niacin in nephrotic rats may contribute to a low level of blood tryptophan. The role of kidney ACMSD activity may be minimal concerning tryptophan-niacin conversion under this experimental condition.

Soft Tissue Sarcoma: The Important Role of Initial MRI Reports for Disease Control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Weiß ◽  
A Korthaus ◽  
K-H Frosch ◽  
C Schlickewei ◽  
M Priemel
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Disease Control

The Use of Posterior Pericardiotomy Technique to Prevent Postoperative Pericardial Effusion in Cardiac Surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canturk Cakalagaoglu ◽  
Cengiz Koksal ◽  
Ayse Baysal ◽  
Gokhan Alici ◽  
Birol Ozkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Pericardial Tamponade ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Echocardiographic Study ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Hospital Stays

<p><b>Aim:</b> The goal was to determine the effectiveness of the posterior pericardiotomy technique in preventing the development of early and late pericardial effusions (PEs) and to determine the role of anxiety level for the detection of late pericardial tamponade (PT).</p><p><b>Materials and Methods:</b> We divided 100 patients randomly into 2 groups, the posterior pericardiotomy group (n = 50) and the control group (n = 50). All patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG), valvular heart surgery, or combined valvular and CABG surgeries were included. The posterior pericardiotomy technique was performed in the first group of 50 patients. Evaluations completed preoperatively, postoperatively on day 1, before discharge, and on postoperative days 5 and 30 included electrocardiographic study, chest radiography, echocardiographic study, and evaluation of the patient's anxiety level. Postoperative causes of morbidity and durations of intensive care unit and hospital stays were recorded.</p><p><b>Results:</b> The 2 groups were not significantly different with respect to demographic and operative data (<i>P</i> > .05). Echocardiography evaluations revealed no significant differences between the groups preoperatively; however, before discharge the control group had a significantly higher number of patients with moderate, large, and very large PEs compared with the pericardiotomy group (<i>P</i> < .01). There were 6 cases of late PT in the control group, whereas there were none in the pericardiotomy group (<i>P</i> < .05). Before discharge and on postoperative day 15, the patients in the pericardiotomy group showed significant improvement in anxiety levels (<i>P</i> = .03 and .004, respectively). No differences in postoperative complications were observed between the 2 groups.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Pericardiotomy is a simple, safe, and effective method for reducing the incidence of PE and late PT after cardiac surgery. It also has the potential to provide a better quality of life.</p>

The Estimation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in patients with prostatitis by fully automated ELISA technique.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1100-1104
Author(s):  
Hussein Naeem Aldhaheri ◽  
Ihsan Edan AlSaimary ◽  
Murtadha Mohammed ALMusafer
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
And Control

      The Aim of this study was to determine Immunogenetic expression of  Toll-like receptor gene clusters related to prostatitis, to give acknowledge about Role of TLR in prostatitis immunity in men from Basrah and Maysan provinces. A case–control study included 135 confirmed prostatitis patients And 50 persons as a control group. Data about age, marital status, working, infertility, family history and personal information like (Infection, Allergy, Steroid therapy, Residency, Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, Blood group, Body max index (BMI) and the clinical finding for all patients of Prostatitis were collected. This study shows the effect of PSA level in patients with prostatitis and control group, with P-value <0.0001 therefore the study shows a positive significant between elevated PSA levels and Prostatitis.

Neurological consultations and diagnoses in a large, dedicated COVID-19 university hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 494-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adalberto STUDART-NETO ◽  
Bruno Fukelmann GUEDES ◽  
Raphael de Luca e TUMA ◽  
Antonio Edvan CAMELO FILHO ◽  
Gabriel Taricani KUBOTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Neurological Exam ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
De Medicina

ABSTRACT Background: More than one-third of COVID-19 patients present neurological symptoms ranging from anosmia to stroke and encephalopathy. Furthermore, pre-existing neurological conditions may require special treatment and may be associated with worse outcomes. Notwithstanding, the role of neurologists in COVID-19 is probably underrecognized. Objective: The aim of this study was to report the reasons for requesting neurological consultations by internists and intensivists in a COVID-19-dedicated hospital. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, a 900-bed COVID-19 dedicated center (including 300 intensive care unit beds). COVID-19 diagnosis was confirmed by SARS-CoV-2-RT-PCR in nasal swabs. All inpatient neurology consultations between March 23rd and May 23rd, 2020 were analyzed. Neurologists performed the neurological exam, assessed all available data to diagnose the neurological condition, and requested additional tests deemed necessary. Difficult diagnoses were established in consensus meetings. After diagnosis, neurologists were involved in the treatment. Results: Neurological consultations were requested for 89 out of 1,208 (7.4%) inpatient COVID admissions during that period. Main neurological diagnoses included: encephalopathy (44.4%), stroke (16.7%), previous neurological diseases (9.0%), seizures (9.0%), neuromuscular disorders (5.6%), other acute brain lesions (3.4%), and other mild nonspecific symptoms (11.2%). Conclusions: Most neurological consultations in a COVID-19-dedicated hospital were requested for severe conditions that could have an impact on the outcome. First-line doctors should be able to recognize neurological symptoms; neurologists are important members of the medical team in COVID-19 hospital care.

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