Multi-loop magnetisation method for detecting coal mine wire rope defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 540-549
Author(s):  
Wang Hongyao ◽  
Tian Jie ◽  
Meng Guoying ◽  
Zhou Junying ◽  
Hua Gang
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Wire Ropes ◽  
Shape Structure

Existing methods for detecting magnetic leakage signals from damaged wire ropes require axial saturation magnetisation and the accuracy of the detection equipment depends on the degree of saturation of the magnetisation. Moreover, owing to the special characteristics of the structure, diameter and operating environment of the wire rope, it is difficult to achieve the expected magnetisation effect. Consequently, in addition to other issues, the detection accuracy and versatility of the equipment are low. This study proposes a method based on spatial multi-dimensional orthogonal array loop magnetisation to detect coal mine wire rope defects. First, a sensor excitation structure model is developed. Then, a method for detecting the radial magnetic flux using permanent magnet arrays is analysed and the influence of the number of permanent magnet radial magnetic blocks on the magnetisation effect is studied. In addition, a wire rope detection method based on the principle of clustering is investigated and used to discuss the influence of the shape, structure and size of the sensor on the magnetisation effect. Finally, through laboratory experiments, the applicability of the test model and the proposed method are verified. The results show that the magnetisation effect is better and more cost-effective when the number of permanent magnet radial magnetic blocks is eight and that the proposed detection method can effectively identify damaged wire rope joints. Furthermore, the proposed equipment achieves a signal-tonoise ratio of 28 dB, thereby improving the reliability of damage detection.

scholarly journals Multi-Loop Magnetisation Based Method for Detecting Coal Mine Wire Rope Defects

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyao Wang ◽  
Jie Tian ◽  
Sven Bilen ◽  
Xinli Wu ◽  
Junying Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Operating Environment ◽  
Wire Ropes ◽  
Shape Structure

Existing methods for detecting magnetic leakage signals from damaged wire ropes require axial saturation magnetisation, and the accuracy of the detection equipment depends on the saturation degree of magnetisation. Moreover, the expected magnetisation effect is usually difficult to achieve owing to the special characteristics of the rope structure, diameter, and operating environment of the wire rope. Consequently, in addition to other issues, the detection accuracy and versatility of the equipment are low. In this study, a method based on spatial multidimensional orthogonal array loop magnetisation for detecting mine wire rope defects is proposed. Firstly, a new sensor excitation structure model is developed. Then a method of radiant magnetic flux of permanent magnet array is analysed, and the influence law of the number of permanent radiant magnetic blocks on the magnetisation effect is studied. In addition, a method of wire rope detection based on the principle of clustering is investigated, according to which the influence law of the shape, structure, and size of the polyurethane device on the effect of magnetisation is discussed. Finally, through laboratory experiments, the test model and proposed method are verified. The results show that the magnetisation effect is better and more cost-effective when the number of permanent magnet radiation magnetic block is n=8, and the proposed detection method can effectively distinguish damaged wire rope joints. Furthermore, the proposed equipment achieved signal-to-noise ratio of the signals, improving the reliability of damage detection.

Cable and Wire Rope Barrier Design Considerations: Review

2003 ◽  
Vol 1851 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean C. Alberson ◽  
Roger P. Bligh ◽  
C. E. Buth ◽  
D. Lance Bullard
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Initial Tension ◽  
Wire Ropes ◽  
Serious Injuries ◽  
Horizontal Curvature ◽  
Crash Tests ◽  
Design Scenario

Cable or wire rope barrier was being used in the 1940s and maybe earlier for vehicle containment. Through the years the designs have changed, but engineers continue to see cable barrier as an inexpensive barrier for use in some roadside applications. Recently, cable or wire rope has gained popularity as a median barrier for the prevention of cross-median accidents. Cross-median accidents are typically violent collisions with a high probability of multiple serious injuries and deaths. Thus, the design trend is gravitating toward providing positive vehicle containment in wider medians for which barriers have not historically been warranted. Wire rope often provides a cost-effective solution for this design scenario. Field experience with cable or wire rope barriers has identified areas for design improvement. It is desirable that cables remain taut to improve interaction with the vehicle, reduce dynamic deflections, and minimize maintenance. Additionally, reduced design deflections result in more potential application sites. Recent research demonstrates that such improvements are practical and cost-effective. Besides the initial tension in the wire ropes, other factors that can have a significant influence on dynamic deflections include post spacing and horizontal curvature. Computer simulations with cable barriers with various post spacings and horizontal curvatures were used to develop guidelines for expected design deflections. Finally, full-scale crash tests were completed with a new, cost-effective cable terminal system, and a brief review of the design and crash test results is included.

scholarly journals A Sensor for Broken Wire Detection of Steel Wire Ropes Based on the Magnetic Concentrating Principle

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Jing ◽  
Xu ◽  
Zhan ◽  
Tan
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Hall Sensor ◽  
Wire Ropes ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Lift Off

Electromagnetic testing is the most widely used technique for the inspection of steel wire ropes. As one of the electromagnetic detecting approaches, the magnetic flux leakage (MFL) method has the best effect for the detection of broken wires. However, existing sensors based on MFL method still have some problems. (1) The size of the permanent magnet exciter is usually designed according to experience or rough calculation, and there is not enough depth analysis for its excitation performance; (2) Since the detectable angular range for a single Hall component is limited, Hall sensor arrays are often employed in the design of MFL sensors, which will increase the complexity of the subsequent signal processing due to the extensive use of Hall components; (3) Although the new magneto-resistance sensor has higher sensitivity, it is difficult to be applied in practice because of the requirement of the micron-level lift-off. To solve these problems, a sensor for the detection of broken wires of steel wire ropes based on the principle of magnetic concentration is developed. A circumferential multi-circuit permanent magnet exciter (CMPME) is employed to magnetize the wire rope to saturation. The traditional Hall sensor array is replaced by a magnetic concentrator to collect MFL. The structural parameters of the CMPME are optimized and the performance of the magnetic concentrator is analyzed by the finite element method. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed sensor is verified by wire breaking experiment. 1–5 external broken wires, handcrafted on the wire rope with a diameter of 24 mm, can be clearly identified, which shows great potential for the inspection of steel wire ropes.

scholarly journals An Automatic Concrete Crack-Detection Method Fusing Point Clouds and Images Based on Improved Otsu’s Algorithm

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1581
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Chen ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Shuowen Huang ◽  
Hao Cui ◽  
Peirong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crack Detection ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Depth Image ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Concrete Crack ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
2D Images

Cracks are one of the main distresses that occur on concrete surfaces. Traditional methods for detecting cracks based on two-dimensional (2D) images can be hampered by stains, shadows, and other artifacts, while various three-dimensional (3D) crack-detection techniques, using point clouds, are less affected in this regard but are limited by the measurement accuracy of the 3D laser scanner. In this study, we propose an automatic crack-detection method that fuses 3D point clouds and 2D images based on an improved Otsu algorithm, which consists of the following four major procedures. First, a high-precision registration of a depth image projected from 3D point clouds and 2D images is performed. Second, pixel-level image fusion is performed, which fuses the depth and gray information. Third, a rough crack image is obtained from the fusion image using the improved Otsu method. Finally, the connected domain labeling and morphological methods are used to finely extract the cracks. Experimentally, the proposed method was tested at multiple scales and with various types of concrete crack. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve an average precision of 89.0%, recall of 84.8%, and F1 score of 86.7%, performing significantly better than the single image (average F1 score of 67.6%) and single point cloud (average F1 score of 76.0%) methods. Accordingly, the proposed method has high detection accuracy and universality, indicating its wide potential application as an automatic method for concrete-crack detection.

scholarly journals Immobilization-Free Electrochemical Sensor Coupled with a Graphene-Oxide-Based Aptasensor for Glycated Albumin Detection

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Wassa Waiwinya ◽  
Thitirat Putnin ◽  
Dechnarong Pimalai ◽  
Wireeya Chawjiraphan ◽  
Nuankanya Sathirapongsasuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Electrochemical Aptasensor ◽  
Alternative Approach

An immobilization-free electrochemical sensor coupled with a graphene oxide (GO)-based aptasensor was developed for glycated human serum albumin (GHSA) detection. The concentration of GHSA was monitored by measuring the electrochemical response of free GO and aptamer-bound GO in the presence of glycated albumin; their currents served as the analytical signals. The electrochemical aptasensor exhibited good performance with a base-10 logarithmic scale. The calibration curve was achieved in the range of 0.01–50 µg/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) was 8.70 ng/mL. The developed method was considered a one-drop measurement process because a fabrication step and the probe-immobilization process were not required. This simple sensor offers a cost-effective, rapid, and sensitive detection method, and could be an alternative approach for determination of GHSA levels.

scholarly journals Examination of Abnormal Behavior Detection Based on Improved YOLOv3

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Meng-ting Fang ◽  
Zhong-ju Chen ◽  
Krzysztof Przystupa ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Michal Majka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Average Precision ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Behavior Detection ◽  
Abnormal Behavior Detection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Examination Room ◽  
Detection Speed

Examination is a way to select talents, and a perfect invigilation strategy can improve the fairness of the examination. To realize the automatic detection of abnormal behavior in the examination room, the method based on the improved YOLOv3 (The third version of the You Only Look Once algorithm) algorithm is proposed. The YOLOv3 algorithm is improved by using the K-Means algorithm, GIoUloss, focal loss, and Darknet32. In addition, the frame-alternate dual-thread method is used to optimize the detection process. The research results show that the improved YOLOv3 algorithm can improve both the detection accuracy and detection speed. The frame-alternate dual-thread method can greatly increase the detection speed. The mean Average Precision (mAP) of the improved YOLOv3 algorithm on the test set reached 88.53%, and the detection speed reached 42 Frames Per Second (FPS) in the frame-alternate dual-thread detection method. The research results provide a certain reference for automated invigilation.

Arrangement Characteristics and Wear Distribution of Wire Rope in Parallel Grooved Multi-Layer Winding

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 842-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Hui Hu ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
Ji Quan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Wire Ropes ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Wear Damage

Based on the analysis of multi-layer winding arrangement characteristic of the wire rope in Lebus drum, the experimental study is carried on wear distribution of the wire rope in parallel grooved multi-layer winding. The result shows that, the wire rope is arranged regularly in each drum area in parallel grooved multi-layer winding; the wear of wire ropes in crossover zone is more serious than that of the parallel zone; in the same-layer wire rope winding in crossover zone, the wear damage during the wire rope winding in crossover zone at the end of each-layer drum is the most serious.

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