Endobronchial Involvement in Sarcoidosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuneyt Tetikkurt ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organ Involvement ◽  
Bronchial Biopsy ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Endobronchial involvement is a common feature of sarcoidosis. The mucosa may appear normal or there may be inflammatory changes with erythematous lesions, miliary nodules, and, rarely, mass-like lesions leading to obstruction. In patients with bronchial lesions, the bronchial biopsy may be positive in three-quarters of patients. On the other hand, granulomas may be identified in one-third of patients with a normal mucosa. Current data on endobronchial sarcoidosis is primarily associated with the treatment and prognosis of obstructive mass-like granulomas. Data relevant to clinical features of superficial endobronchial involvement and its implications on prognosis and extrapulmonary organ involvement is lacking. The results of our two previous studies reveal that clinical findings of endobronchial disease may be different. These studies also suggest that there is a great difference between patients with no endobronchial involvement, limited and diffuse endobronchial disease in regard to clinical features, and prognosis. The incidence of extrapulmonary organ involvement is also significantly different between the three groups. In this short review, the clinical findings of endobronchial sarcoidosis have been defined, the effects of superficial endobronchial involvement on prognosis, and extrapulmonary organ involvement.

scholarly journals Concurrent tuberculosis and COVID-19: reports of three cases

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Chinmay Saha Podder ◽  
Nandini Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Infectious Origin ◽  
Day By Day

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the latest global pandemic is on the hunt and the incidence is sharply rising day by day. On the other hand, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading causes of death from infectious origin. Historically, coronaviral illness were reported with co-infection with TB; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is not an exception. As both diseases have overlapping clinical features, sometimes it maybe very difficult to diagnose and long standing features of TB can easily be mistaken for post-acute COVID-19. This report emphasizes the importance of suspecting TB-COVID co-infection and its grave consequences. Birdem Med J 2020; 10, COVID Supplement: 111-114

scholarly journals Dataclient: a simple interface for scientific data transfers hiding x.509 complexities

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Ciaschini ◽  
Lucia Morganti ◽  
Matteo Tenti ◽  
Carmelo Pellegrino
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Simple Interface ◽  
Data Transfers ◽  
General Architecture

Since the current data infrastructure of the HEP experiments is based on GridFTP, most computing centres have adapted and based their own access to the data on the X.509. This is an issue for smaller experiments that do not have the resources to train their researchers in the complexities of X.509 certificates and that would prefer an approach based on username/password. On the other hand, asking computing centres to support different access strategies is not so straightforward, as this would require a significant investment of effort and manpower. At CNAF-INFN Tier1 we tackled this problem by creating a layer on top of the gridftp client/server, that completely hides the X.509 infrastructure under an authentication/authorization process based on the Kerberos realm of our centre, and therefore based on username/password. We called this Dataclient. In this article we will describe both the principles that drove its design and its general architecture, together with the measures undertaken to simplify the user experience and maintenance burden.

Tertiary Alkylative Suzuki-Miyaura couplings

Synthesis ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nishikata ◽  
Tom Sheppard ◽  
Naoki Tsuchiya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Addition ◽  
Short Review ◽  
The Other ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Alkyl Electrophiles ◽  
Carbon Bonds ◽  
Beta Hydride Elimination ◽  
Hydride Elimination

The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling is extremely useful to construct Csp2-Csp2 carbon bonds. On the other hand, Csp2-Csp3 coupling reactions are do not work well, and tert-alkylative Suzuki-Miyaura coupling is particularly challenging due to problematic oxidative addition and beta-hydride elimination side reactions. In this short review, we will introduce recent examples of tert-alkylative Suzuki-Miyaura couplings with tert-alkyl electrophiles or -boron reagents. The review will mainly focus on catalyst and product structures and the proposed mechanisms .

Surgery in Infancy and Childhood

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-150
Author(s):  
J. H. EBBS
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Care ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Treatment ◽  
Senior Student ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Infancy And Childhood

This textbook deals with surgery for the senior student and nurse. The general treatment of the important subjects of pre- and postoperative care, anesthesia and specialized conditions of infancy and childhood are features of early chapters. It is noted that numerous rare conditions are mixed in with common every-day surgical problems without indication of the incidence nor all common conditions dealt with. It is obvious that the textbook is not intended to replace a textbook of general surgery. The description of the clinical features and treatment of most conditions is not complete, yet it is probably adequate for the student in medicine. On the other hand such conditions as intussusception are extremely well written and documented.

scholarly journals QUANTUM SPRING

2012 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHAO-JUN FENG ◽  
XIN-ZHOU LI
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Casimir Force ◽  
Casimir Effect ◽  
Quantum Effect ◽  
Short Review ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Hooke’S Law ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hooke's Law

In this paper, we will give a short review on quantum spring, which is a Casimir effect from the helix boundary condition that proposed in our earlier works. The Casimir force parallel to the axis of the helix behaves very much like the force on a spring that obeys the Hooke's law when the ratio r of the pitch to the circumference of the helix is small, but in this case, the force comes from a quantum effect, so we would like to call it quantum spring. On the other hand, the force perpendicular to the axis decreases monotonously with the increasing of the ratio r. Both forces are attractive and their behaviors are the same in two and three dimensions.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Pathology of “Grouse Disease.”

1910 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cobbett ◽  
G. S. Graham-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Pathological Change ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Binocular Microscope ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

The causes of death of the grouse are, of course, various. We ourselves have seen pleuropneumonia (in a bird long kept in captivity in Cambridge), pericarditis, necrotic patches in the liver, an obscure chronic disease of the peritoneum, and septic infection from a gangrenous fracture of the wing. On the other hand the great majority of birds, either picked up dead on the moor, or caught by keepers when weak and unable to fly, have been found to be all more or less in the same condition; they were wasted, badly infested with Trichostrongylus pergracilis, and often also with Davainea urogalli or Hymenolepis microps, or with both. More or less pathological change was seen in the caeca; the mucous membrane was often reddened, and under the binocular microscope considerable changes were seen, though we did not observe gross ulceration. Sections examined under the higher powers showed serious chronic inflammatory changes particularly in the immediate neighbourhood of the worms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the correctness of the German military intelligence’s findings concerning armament and equipment of the Polish Army in 1939. Part I. Land forces

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-386
Author(s):  
Adam Nogaj
Keyword(s):  
Current Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Military Intelligence ◽  
General Staff ◽  
German Army ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Military Commanders ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Made In

The presented publication is one of several that the author wrote on to the presentation of the knowledge of German military intelligence about the Polish Army in 1939. These publications also attempted to assess the correctness of the findings of the afore-mentioned intelligence. The article is based on archival materials of the 12th Foreign Armies East Intelligence Section of the General Staff of the High Command of the Land Forces of 1939, which developed synthetic elaborations for the top military commanders of the German army, based on the analysis and collective materials from the individual Abwehstelle. For years, the documents analysed were secret and delivered exclusively to the top commanders of the German army and Hitler’s Chancellery. At present, they are entirely non-confidential and available to researchers at the Bundesarchiv-Militaerarchiv in Freiburg. Copies of parts of these documents, in the form of microfilms, can be found, among others, in the Archive of New Files in Warsaw. Due to the considerable volume of the publication, it has been divided into two parts. The presented article constitutes the first part and is devoted to the knowledge of the German military intelligence on the armament and equipment of land forces. The article presents not only the knowledge of the German military intelligence, but also basic analyses concerning the evaluation of the correctness of its findings. The analyses carried out and the generalised records presented in the article show that the German military intelligence did not make gross errors in the presented assessments concerning the armament and equipment of infantry and cavalry. That is, the most important and numerous components of the Polish Army (WP). However, many mistakes were made in the presentation of the armament of the artillery, assuming, among other things, the presence of cannons from the Polish-Soviet war of 1920 in the equipment, which the WP did no longer have in 1939. Perhaps in 1939 the Abwehr, having no current data, used data from earlier years, from the first half of the 1930s, when the WP still had cannons in its equipment. Models of the heaviest artillery weapons were also unknown. On the other hand, the Polish armoured weapons were worked out very well. The article constitutes yet another contribution to the work of learning about the so-far unexplored recesses of our recent history.

scholarly journals Cardiac Complications in Non-Transfusion Dependent Thalassaemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Amin Lutful Kabir ◽  
Naseeb Muhammad Irshadullah ◽  
Mujahida Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hb E

Among the haemoglobinopathies non-transfusion dependent thalassaemia (NTDT) are more common than the major patients. Bangladesh is located within the thalassaemia belt, moreover, Hb-E is prevalent here. So, the burden of non-transfusion dependent haemoglobinopathies is pretty massive. Due to less severe presentation and unawareness of general people, most patients with NTDT present with complications. On the other hand, cardiac complications are the major causes of death in these patients, and, negligence in early treatment increases the death. This review discusses haemoglobinopathies in general, followed by pathogenesis, clinical features and management of cardiac complications.

scholarly journals Development of the Autofluorescence Endoscope Imaging System

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rensuke Adachi ◽  
Tetsuya Utsui ◽  
Koichi Furusawa
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complicated System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Diagnosis Method

It is a well known fact that light emitted at a specific wavelength induces fluorescence in the human body. This kind of fluorescence is called autofluorescence. The application of autofluorescence diagnosis, on the other hand, is a more complicated system designed to detect faint autofluorescence inherent in tissues/cells. We have adopted this autofluorescence diagnosis method and developed a new autofluorescence endoscope imaging system called the SAFE-1000. Normal mucosa emitting autofluorescence appears green on the monitor, while abnormal mucosa shows a dark image caused by the lack of autofluorescence.

scholarly journals Review \ COVID- 19 Pandemic: The Implications for Diabetes Care  and Specifics Management: مراجعة/ جائحة كوفيد- 19: الآثار المترتبة على رعاية مرضى السكري والمعالجة الخاصة

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sadeg A. Al- Awar, Talal Ali H. Al- Qalah, Ammar S.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) pandemic has emerged as one of the greatest challenges faced by humankind in the recent past. People with diabetes and related comorbidities are at increased risk of its complications and of COVID- 19- related death. Older age, multimorbidity, hyperglycemia, cardiac injury and severe inflammatory response are predictors of poor outcome. Aims. This article summarizes current data on the clinical presentation and risks of COVID- 19 in diabetic patients. We also provide some recommendations for the management of diabetic patients with COVID- 19. Results: According. to current data, diabetic patients do not appear to be at increased risk of contracting SARS- CoV- 2 compared to the general population. On the other hand, diabetes is a risk factor for developing severe and critical forms of COVID- 19, the latter requiring admission to an intensive care unit and/or use of invasive mechanical ventilation, with high mortality rates. The characteristics of diabetic patients at risk for developing severe and critical forms of COVID- 19, as well as the prognostic impact of diabetes on the course of COVID- 19, are under current investigation. Obesity, the main risk factor for incident type 2diabetes, is more common in patients with critical forms of COVID- 19 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. On the other hand, COVID- 19 is usually associated with poor glycemic control and a higher risk of ketoacidosis in diabetic patients. There are currently no recommendations in favour of discontinuing antihypertensive medications that interact with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Metformin and Sodium-glucose transport protein- 2)SGLT2( inhibitors should be discontinued in patients with severe forms of COVID- 19 owing to the risks of lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis. Conclusion: There are currently no data showing an increased risk of contracting COVID- 19 in diabetic patients. On the other hand, diabetic patients require special attention, since diabetes is associated with a higher risk of severe, critical, and fatal forms of COVID- 19. Our knowledge about this new Coronavirus progresses day by day. Ongoing studies will make it possible to better define the profile(s) of diabetic patients at increased risk of poor prognosis. In any case, the importance of blood glucose monitoring and control over the course of the infection should be emphasized, as well as that of screening for (pre) diabetes in all patients with a confirmed infection by COVID- 19.

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