Technological Addiction or Technological Competence? Investigation of Young People's Approaches to Technology Use in the Context of Increasing Screen Time Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Duygulu ◽  
Zeliha Hepkon
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Social Life ◽  
World Health ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Technological Competence ◽  
The World ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Screen Use

Due to Covid-19 disease, which has an increasing negative impact on the world day by day and has been classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization, continuing education remotely at various levels has brought with it very important discussions. Perhaps, one of the most crucial of these is the increased screen usage times. The intensive use of digital media in all areas of our social life has brought to mind the frequent handling of the time spent by children and young people in front of the screen in the pre-pandemic period by academia and nonacademies. However, with the pandemic, the education process is carried out entirely in distance; in addition to that, with the elimination of the need for socialization, entertainment and information due to screens, which became the sole medium for socialization, entertainment and information, has further increased the importance of studies that reveal the effect of screen usage time on children and young people. From this perspective, our study is based on Sonia Livingstone's approach to addressing screen use not only through "risks" but also through "opportunities". When it comes to screen use and "screen time", parents and teachers evaluate screen time within the framework of technological addiction; they did not focus on the nature of screen use and how to convert it into technological competence. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the approaches of parents and teachers regarding screen times of high school students. In this context, the literature within the framework of "screen time", "technological addiction" and "technological competence" has been scanned for the research part of the study, in-depth interviews were conducted with the parents and teachers of students of different types of high schools throughout Istanbul. Due to the pandemic conditions during our time, the interviews were conducted digitally through a questionnaire; different questionnaire have been prepared for teachers and families. The findings obtained as a result of in-depth interviews were evaluated with six main headings. Headings are as foolows: screen times of young people, risks that young people may face during media use, parents' perception of technological proficiency, teachers' perception of technological proficiency, parents' approaches to screen time of young people and teachers' approaches to screen time. It is hoped that the study will contribute to the literature on the axis of digital technologies and education.

scholarly journals Clinical effectiveness and patient perspectives of different treatment strategies for tics in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: a systematic review and qualitative analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Hollis ◽  
Mary Pennant ◽  
José Cuenca ◽  
Cris Glazebrook ◽  
Tim Kendall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Behavioural Interventions ◽  
Qualitative Review ◽  
Habit Reversal Training ◽  
Depth Interviews

BackgroundTourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by chronic motor and vocal tics affecting up to 1% of school-age children and young people and is associated with significant distress and psychosocial impairment.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the benefits and risks of pharmacological, behavioural and physical interventions for tics in children and young people with TS (part 1) and to explore the experience of treatment and services from the perspective of young people with TS and their parents (part 2).Data SourcesFor the systematic reviews (parts 1 and 2), mainstream bibliographic databases, The Cochrane Library, education, social care and grey literature databases were searched using subject headings and text words for tic* and Tourette* from database inception to January 2013.Review/research methodsFor part 1, randomised controlled trials and controlled before-and-after studies of pharmacological, behavioural or physical interventions in children or young people (aged < 18 years) with TS or chronic tic disorder were included. Mixed studies and studies in adults were considered as supporting evidence. Risk of bias associated with each study was evaluated using the Cochrane tool. When there was sufficient data, random-effects meta-analysis was used to synthesize the evidence and the quality of evidence for each outcome was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. For part 2, qualitative studies and survey literature conducted in populations of children/young people with TS or their carers or in health professionals with experience of treating TS were included in the qualitative review. Results were synthesized narratively. In addition, a national parent/carer survey was conducted via the Tourettes Action website. Participants included parents of children and young people with TS aged under 18 years. Participants (young people with TS aged 10–17 years) for the in-depth interviews were recruited via a national survey and specialist Tourettes clinics in the UK.ResultsFor part 1, 70 studies were included in the quantitative systematic review. The evidence suggested that for treating tics in children and young people with TS, antipsychotic drugs [standardised mean difference (SMD) –0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) –1.08 to –0.41;n = 75] and noradrenergic agents [clonidine (Dixarit®, Boehringer Ingelheim) and guanfacine: SMD –0.72, 95% CI –1.03 to –0.40;n = 164] are effective in the short term. There was little difference among antipsychotics in terms of benefits, but adverse effect profiles do differ. Habit reversal training (HRT)/comprehensive behavioural intervention for tics (CBIT) was also shown to be effective (SMD –0.64, 95% CI –0.99 to –0.29;n = 133). For part 2, 295 parents/carers of children and young people with TS contributed useable survey data. Forty young people with TS participated in in-depth interviews. Four studies were in the qualitative review. Key themes were difficulties in accessing specialist care and behavioural interventions, delay in diagnosis, importance of anxiety and emotional symptoms, lack of provision of information to schools and inadequate information regarding medication and adverse effects.LimitationsThe number and quality of clinical trials is low and this downgrades the strength of the evidence and conclusions.ConclusionsAntipsychotics, noradrenergic agents and HRT/CBIT are effective in reducing tics in children and young people with TS. The balance of benefits and harms favours the most commonly used medications: risperidone (Risperdal®, Janssen), clonidine and aripiprazole (Abilify®, Otsuka). Larger and better-conducted trials addressing important clinical uncertainties are required. Further research is needed into widening access to behavioural interventions through use of technology including mobile applications (‘apps’) and video consultation.Study registrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42012002059.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.

scholarly journals Youth in View of the Issue of School Violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Dubis ◽  
Jolanta Karbowniczek
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
School Violence ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Educational Values ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Mutual Help ◽  
Almost All

Violence and aggression has become common phenomena in modern world, they include almost all fields of social life. The reflection of problems the society copes with, is visible in the way of perceiving the educational values by pupils and their behaviour at school. The nature of the educational process organised by school is mainly the interactions among teachers and pupils and pupils themselves. They are not always the best. The anxiety among guidance counsellors and psychologists raises the fact that the cooperation rule and mutual help are replaced by the rule of dominance, extortion and force. The cases of ignoring the teacher's orders are more and more common, lack of respect towards the teaching staff, humiliating adults and vandalism. Pupils battle against teachers and peers too. The school hall is a kind of arena of undesirable behaviours. Therefore, the school as an institution in which children and young people spend 1/3 of their time during the day, should not only deal with teaching but take an active part in the implementation of activities in the field of broadly understood prevention and upbringing. Therefore there are challenges in front of the school aiming at stopping, limiting or even eliminating negative behaviours from children's and teenagers' lives.

scholarly journals The role of television in the constitution of contemporary readers

Comunicar ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Luiza Oswald
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
The World ◽  
Nestor Garcia Canclini ◽  
Latin American Cultural Studies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Estudios Culturales

This paper intends to show, based on the contributions of Latin American Cultural Studies, that the difficulty children and young people have with the organization of written texts, such as that found in books, is determined by the impact that the technology of images exercises over the ways in which they learn to read the world. An analysis of the first interviews with young people, conducted as part of an institutional project in progress, point to the role played by the language of television cartoons in their development as readers. El presente trabajo trae el análisis de las primeras entrevistas realizadas en el ámbito de una investigación institucional en curso interesada en investigar los sentidos/lecturas que niños y jóvenes realizan acerca de los productos de la cultura pop japonesa –mangás (historias en cuadritos), animes (dibujos animados) e videojuegos– basada en la orientación de los Estudios Culturales latinoamericanos (Jesús Martín-Barbero, Néstor García Canclini, Guillermo Orozco Gomes, entre otros autores). Ellos proponen que la recepción de los productos mediáticos sea analizada a partir de un desplazamiento teórico-metodológico que, reorientando el foco de los medios/mensaje para las mediaciones, permite identificar los receptores no como «dóciles audiencias», sino como productores activos de sentidos. Se pretende, con eso, intentar contribuir para la superación de la tensión entre la escuela y las culturas infantil y juvenil, tensión que tiene como uno de sus pilares el conflicto entre la cultura letrada y la cultura de la imagen. El estudio, que supone la opción por un abordaje cualitativo de carácter etnográfico, viene siendo realizado a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas individuales con consumidores del trípode de la poderosa industria de entretenimiento nipónica, que se viene constituyendo como fenómeno mundial de comunicación de masa. Los discursos de los primeros entrevistados –cuatro jóvenes fanáticos de animes y mangas, cuya edad oscila entre 17 y 22 años– destacaron la influencia que el lenguaje de la TV ejerce sobre el extrañamiento que mantiene con el texto impreso tal como él se organiza en el libro. No obstante, la presencia en lo cotidiano de esos sujetos de un cúmulo de estímulos sonoros y visuales, no es raro depararnos con la existencia de una crisis de lectura que afecta niños y jóvenes, influenciando su desempeño en la escuela. Delante de los relatos, el grupo de investigación se formula algunas cuestiones: ¿la alusión a la crisis no sería, en el fondo, una incapacidad de las generaciones que fueron educadas y escolarizadas en los moldes de la cultura letrada?; entender que «el pretencioso gesto universal del libro» (W. Benjamin) ya no resuena entre las nuevas generaciones que ya nacieron bajo el impacto que la tecnología del sonido y de la imagen ejercen sobre la escritura? No sería, entonces, posible suponer que, si hay una crisis de la lectura, ¿es por las generaciones pasadas que está sendo vivenciada? Frente a esto, ¿no sería más adecuado, en vez de quedarnos repitiendo que existe una crisis de lectura que afecta la escolarización de niños y jóvenes y de permanecer buscando soluciones milagrosas para ese conflicto, asumir que estamos delante no de una crisis, sino de un contexto histórico del cual precisamos aproximarnos para no perder el tren de la historia? Esas fueron algunas de las preguntas que el examen de las cuatro primeras entrevistas con los jóvenes permitió sacar a luz de los fundamentos de los Estudios Culturales latinoamericanos, y es sobre ellas que ese texto se vuelca, no con la intención de responderlas, sino con el objetivo de constituirlas como un mapa que puede revelarnos caminos «para pasar de las respuestas que fracasaron a las preguntas que renuevan las ciencias sociales y las políticas libertadoras» (Néstor Canclini).

scholarly journals Exercise to Promote Pupil Securitability

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Jānis Buliņš ◽  
Rasma Jansone ◽  
Inese Bautre ◽  
Inta Bula-Biteniece
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
National Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
After School ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Healthy Environment

<p><em>Health and safety is based on the choices that people make during lifetime. Each of us chooses to act safely or unsafely, healthy or unhealthy. Specific risk group is children and youngsters. Children and young people often have a desire to test their independence, build a personal identity and expand the social life, so young people often experiment also with different types of behavior. In the situations not favorable to health and safety children and young people behavior often do not comply with their knowledge of how to act. Human (human securitability is an internationally-known concept that characterizes human adaptability skills in a rapidly changing environment. Are distinguished 7 human securitability aspects: health, economic, personal (physical), ecological securitability, nutritional, community and political securitability. In the National development plan (NDP) 2020 strategy one of the priorities is human securitability provision. In our study, we analyzed the personal (physical) securitability of educational institutions. A person with a low sense of securitability feels threatened, does not want to use the opportunities of personal growth, trust others and cooperate with them at workplace and in collectives, does not want to participate in the state national development process, and therefore does not contribute to national growth. The pupils are able to learn successfully at school, develop their ability to form a personality only in an environment with a sustainable securitability. The pupil parents can successfully work and act only in the case they are absolutely certain about their children securitability at school, where they spend most of the working day: at schools, in after-school hobby groups, in sports trainings. Creating a safe environment at schools and being educated, growing and developing in this environment, the pupils form understanding of the necessity for a safe and healthy environment and its importance, and develop motivation to keep it for the needs of family, society and the public. </em></p><p><em>In strengthening securitability equally important is knowledge and skills to act in different situations. Researching education policy documents, the authors draw the conclusion that it is necessary on a state level to strengthen the securitability of each Latvian resident and the issues related to state securitability in educational institutions and society as a whole. Sports teacher can contribute to the promotion of pupil securitability, using the subject content as the means. Human securitability can be promoted by knowledge acquisition and skills development in securitability-oriented sports lesson.</em></p>

scholarly journals The nature of music itself, and the knowledge versus skills debate in music education

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN FAUTLEY ◽  
REGINA MURPHY
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Music And The Arts

Back in 2013, in the BJME editorial for issue 30(2), we considered the place of knowledge in the curriculum (Fautley & Murphy, 2013). Things have not stood still since that date, certainly in England, and other parts of the world too. What we have now is a situation where the idea of knowledge as assuming supremacy over skills is on the increase. For those of us concerned with music education, many aspects of this increasingly fractious debate are to be viewed with concern. Allied to this, we have neoliberal-leaning governments in many parts of the world, Britain included, who seem to find it difficult to understand the important role that music education has – or should have – in the education of our children and young people. Indeed, in the UK, the education secretary is on record as making this observation: Education secretary Nicky Morgan has warned young people that choosing to study arts subjects at school could ‘hold them back for the rest of their lives’ (The Stage, 2014) This attitude, and Britain is certainly not alone in this, is clearly going to be problematic for those of us involved in music and the arts.

Music and violence: Working with youth to prevent violence

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wölfl
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Emotional Level ◽  
Different Levels

The prevention of youth violence is one of the major challenges of our time. Based on important key concepts on youth violence from the report of the World Health Organization, opportunities are presented for music therapy with youth to prevent violence. As music in its various forms reaches a very large number of young people all around the world on an emotional level, it is important to note its special ability to promote aggressive emotions as well as to regulate these same emotions. Integrated with more mainstream approaches, music therapy can have preventive potential at different levels: in individual settings, group programmes, and community approaches. Different music therapy approaches for the challenges of violence prevention are presented and developmental tasks for the future are discussed.

Raising People With Special Needs

2022 ◽  
pp. 310-342
Author(s):  
Ruža Tomić
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The World ◽  
Attitudes Towards Inclusion

People with disabilities, who represent a significant part of the population of today's world, are still on the margins of social goods and values because of the attitudes of people who are not. Although, in earlier social eras, they were observed mainly from the point of view of social possibilities of existence, the appearance of significant world documents, and affirmations on the labour market, these attitudes changed somewhat. Nevertheless, in many countries of the world, the upbringing and education of children and young people with disabilities is burdened with numerous difficulties and problems. This chapter will help students, professionals, and others interested in these problems to get to know them and thus enrich their cognitive, emotional, social, and work competencies that may be needed to work with them. It will help them in practical application at all levels of their education, which will contribute to strengthening positive attitudes towards inclusion.

scholarly journals ‘The world is full of magic things, patiently waiting for our senses to grow sharper’ (WB Yeats): enhancing resilience among deaf young people in South Africa through photography and filmmaking

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alys Young ◽  
Lorenzo Ferrarini ◽  
Andrew Irving ◽  
Claudine Storbeck ◽  
Robyn Swannack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
South African ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
The World ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research Project

This article concerns deaf children and young people living in South Africa who are South African Sign Language users and who participated in an interdisciplinary research project using the medium of teaching film and photography with the goal of enhancing resilience. Specifically, this paper explores three questions that emerged from the deaf young people’s experience and involvement with the project: (i) What is disclosed about deaf young people’s worldmaking through the filmic and photographic modality? (ii) What specific impacts do deaf young people’s ontologically visual habitations of the world have on the production of their film/photographic works? (iii) How does deaf young people’s visual, embodied praxis through film and photography enable resilience? The presentation of findings and related theoretical discussion is organised around three key themes: (i) ‘writing’ into reality through photographic practice, (ii) filmmaking as embodied emotional praxis and (iii) enhancing resilience through visual methodologies. The discussion is interspersed with examples of the young people’s own work.

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