scholarly journals Del Lazarillo a la tercera parte de Guzmán de Alfarache de Félix Machado de Silva y Castro: desarrollo y final del género picaresco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Brañanova González
Keyword(s):  
Social Criticism ◽  
Mateo Aleman ◽  
Guzman De Alfarache ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wear And Tear

Since the anonymous author of Lazarillo laid the foundations of a long tradition and the mischievous Guzmán de Alfarache gave it its greatest moments of splendour, between the 16th and 17th centuries, the genre we know as picaresque, with its conditions and specificities, begins a long process of wear and tear in which, step by step, novel by novel, will accuse more of the lack of elements that had defined it from the germ: The social criticism and the stark realism that characterised the first works were gradually replaced by an increasingly ostensible instructive intention that implacably showed how the new Tridentine morality was also dissolved in our prose. With the very special exception of Estebanillo González - the last great upturn in tone and style not at all in tune with his contemporary works - we could draw a chronological line from 1554 (the year of the first preserved edition of Lazarillo) to 1650 (the year of composition of this third part) to mark the birth and death of all our picaresque prose. It is the continuation of Machado de Silva, the latest model of a tradition that, conserving only part of its resources and form, manages to separate itself completely from its own picaresque intention in order, on the contrary, to offer Guzmán the path of purge and sanctity that Mateo Alemán and the rules of the genre would have always denied him.

Guzmán de Alfarache’s “Otro yo”1

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-175
Author(s):  
Donald Gilbert-Santamaría
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Early Modern Europe ◽  
Mateo Aleman ◽  
Unsuccessful Attempt ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Guzman De Alfarache ◽  
The Social ◽  
Almost All

A version of this chapter has appeared previously in print (“Guzmán de Alfarache’s ‘Other Self’: The Limits of Friendship in Spanish Picaresque Fiction” in Discourses and Representations of Friendship in Early Modern Europe, 1500-1700). In a brief episode from the longer fictional autobiographical narrative of Guzmán de Alfarache, Mateo Alemán explores the isolation of his picaresque protagonist through the device of friendship. Echoing concerns that go back as far as Cicero’s De amicitia, Guzmán’s formulation of the problem of finding friends highlights the social isolation of urban picaresque existence, that is, of life in a world in which deception and misrepresentation serve as the currency for almost all human interactions. After several chapters in which Guzmán only partially succeeds in finding friendship, the episode ends with the suicide of the protagonist’s only friend. Despite its ultimately unsuccessful attempt to recalibrate the expectations of Aristotelian perfect friendship to the demands of the picaresque world, the novel nevertheless anticipates aspects of Cervantes’s more ambitious literary experiment with the representation of friendship in Don Quixote.

Trying to be Dead Playwrights

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Ben Payne
Keyword(s):  
Social Criticism ◽  
The Social

WHEN perestroika legitimized the social criticism for which the Russian theatre had been the only forum during the ‘years of stagnation’, playwrights such as Gelman, Galin and Petrushevskaya came to prominence. The breaking of the wave of so-called ‘black’ plays, however, also coincided with the beginning of the disintegration of the society which they scourged.

scholarly journals KRITIK SOSIAL BERMUATAN LOKAL BALI DALAM KUMPULAN CERITA NGUNTUL TANAH NUNULÉNGÉK LANGIT KARYA I MADE SUARSA/LOCAL BALINESE SOCIAL CRITICISTS IN THE STORIES COLLECTION OF NGUNTUL TANAH NULÉNGÉK LANGIT BY I MADE SUARSA

Aksara ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-234
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Tanjung Turaeni ◽  
Puji Retno Hardiningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Formal Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Classi Cation

Abstrak Kritik sosial sebagai sebuah ide atau berbagai bentuk gagasan yang bertolak belakang dengan kenyataan yang tidak sesuai dengan tujuan dan harapan dari tatanan dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas aspek sosial yang meliputi struktur cerita, masalah sosial dan kritik sosial bermuatan lokal Bali yang tercermin dalam kumpulan cerita pendek berbahasa Bali Nguntul Tanah Nulengék Langit karya I Made Suarsa. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan teknik interpretatif. Dalam pengolahan data dilakukan tahapan klasifikasi, pendeskripsian, penerjemahan, dan penganalisisan data. Untuk mengetahui masalah sosial dan kritik sosial dalam cerpen tersebut, digunakan teori sosiologi sastra dan teori struktural untuk mengetahui struktur formal yang membangun cerita tersebut. Hasil dan pembahasan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kritik sosial yang dapat terhimpun dalam cerita tersebut adalah kritik sosial terhadap kemiskinan, kritik sosial disorganisasi keluarga dan kritik terhadap adat dan tradisi serta serta kehidupan sosial masyarakat Bali. Dengan demikian, lahirnya cerpen karya I Made Suarsa ini memperlihatkan kemegahan pariwisata, masih terdapat ketimpangan sosial dalam masyarakat Bali. Kata kunci: cerpen, kritik sosial, masalah sosial, muatan lokal Bali Abstract Social criticism as an idea or various forms of ideas that are contrary to reality is not in accordance with the goals and expectations of the order in society. This study aims to discuss the social aspects which include story structure, social issues and social criticism with local Balinese content as re ected in a collection of short stories in Balinese language “Nguntul Tanah Nulengék Langit” by I Made Suarsa. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and note taking techniques. In data processing, the stages of classi cation, description, translation and data analysis are carried out. To nd out the social problems and social criticism in the short story, the sociology approach of Sapardi Djoko Damono’s view is used and is assisted by a structural approach to determine the formal structure that builds the story. The results of the study show that the social criticisms that can be collected in the story are social criticism of poverty, social criticism of family disorganization and criticism of customs and traditions as well as the social life of Balinese people who seem famous by tourism, but in fact there are still social inequalities in Balinese society. Keywords: social problems, social criticism, short stories 

scholarly journals Pesan-Pesan Dakwah dalam Film 3 Idiots

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-304
Author(s):  
Ropingi El Ishaq
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Ferdinand De Saussure ◽  
The Social

The 3 Idiots is a movie of India. This movie has launched at 2009th and as a favorite movies in Bollywood. The 3 Idiots get appreciate of international movies. It’s movies adopt from best seller of novel by Chetan Bhagat, “Five Point Someone”. The 3 Idiots bring the social criticism about social and cultural, like about social value. By that argue, this study aims to explore the sign and message of Islamic value in the movies. Qualitative approach used in this study. Specially, semiotic analysis of Ferdinand De Saussure use in this study. Both point of Ferdinand De Saussure semiotic are; signifier and Signified, Langue and Parole, so Syntagmatic and Associative. For message analysis of da’wa will be doing to explore an message of da’wa in the movies. It’s movies share an five message of da’wa; first, theologies as such represented how to motivate about awareness to God. Second, about the education, as such the criticism for education system. Thirt, the solidarity. In solidarity does explore how to help to brother or friends. Fourd, a harmony of religiousity. Five, amar ma’ruf nahi munkar or the motivated to do the possitive value and then be counter to negative value. The messages did constructed as beautifully. Signifier and signified or symbol had used to represent of meaning. The langue and parole has constructed with syntagmatic and association for to present the grand message, as such ‘idiots attitude’. All signs constructed systematically and beautifully. So, the audience can to get the meaning.

Using of PPP mechanisms in rural social sphere: domestic and foreign experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Elena Ivanovna Semenova ◽  
Vladimir Gennadievich Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Guaranteed Minimum Income

The article shows the importance of using the public-private partnership mechanism for the development of the social sphere of the village. Review of PPP implementation by countries G20 showed different legal approaches in PPP implementation, parallel use and concessions, and agreements, application of guaranteed minimum income and risk sharing among participants, use of different PPP support measures. The presented results of the questionnaire indicate the largest use of PPPs in housing and communal services — 272 projects (81.68 %), which is due to the high degree of wear and tear in water and heat supply, in education — 22 projects (6.61 %), mainly the construction of preschool institutions, school repairs, in the field of sports and tourism 14 projects (4.2 %) — the construction of sports grounds and stadiums, sports centers, 10 projects (3 %). Public-private partnership projects in the social sphere of rural areas are less marginal, their financing is associated with significant difficulties due to the heterogeneity of demand, the difficulty of forecasting consumer demand and assessing social effect. The development of public-private partnerships is constrained by the lack of necessary budget funds to ensure the minimum guaranteed income of a private partner, the duration and complexity of maintaining procedures.

Basic mechanisms of, and treatment targets for, stress-related disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 829-839
Author(s):  
Bruce S. McEwen
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Social And Physical Environment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

The response to the social and physical environment involves two-way communication between the brain and the body and epigenetic adaptation (‘allostasis’) via mediators of the cardiovascular, immune, metabolic, neuroendocrine, and neural mechanisms. Chronic stress causes wear and tear on the brain and body (‘allostatic load and overload’), reflecting also the impact of health-damaging behaviours and lasting effects of early life experiences interacting with genetic predispositions. Hormonal and other mediators of allostasis promote adaptation in the short run but cause allostatic load/overload when they are overused or dysregulated. The brain is key because it determines what is threatening and the physiological and behavioural responses, while showing structural remodelling that affects its function. Besides pharmaceuticals, there are ‘top–down’ interventions, like physical activity, that engage ‘the wisdom of the body’ to change itself, as well as the impact of policies of government and business that encourage individuals to manage their own lives and promote increased ‘healthspan’.

Richard Wright and the Americanism of Lawd Today!

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAY GARCIA
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Richard Wright ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Ernesto Laclau ◽  
Cultural Renewal ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Van Wyck Brooks

This essay examines Lawd Today!, Richard Wright's posthumously published novel, written in the 1930s but only made available to readers in 1963. Concentrating on the epigraphs that punctuate the novel, the essay demonstrates the significance of the social criticism of the 1910s and 1920s to Wright's formation as literary artist. In particular, Wright was drawn to the writings of the Young American critics, including Van Wyck Brooks and Waldo Frank, whose criticisms of national ideologies furthered a commitment to “Americanism” as a horizon of social and cultural renewal. Wright's intellectual immersion in early twentieth-century US social criticism gave Lawd Today! a Young American critical imprint. Drawing upon the work of Ernesto Laclau on “populism,” the essay reads Wright's novel as invested in an “Americanism” that seeks to describe common features of early twentieth-century black migrant experience in the urban North in terms of larger national and modern dynamics.

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