scholarly journals Thermal Analytical Characteristics by TGA-DTA-DSC Analysis of Carica papaya Leaves from Kachchh

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay R. Ram ◽  
Pravin N. Ram ◽  
Taslimahemad T. Khatri ◽  
Suhas J. Vyas ◽  
Pragnesh N. Dave
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Powder Sample ◽  
Endothermic Peak ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetric ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Thermal Analyzer ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Reaction Atmosphere

An experimental study on Carica papaya leaves was carried out in Thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA), Differential Thermal Analyzer (DTA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) analyzer to investigate the effects of reaction atmosphere on thermal chemical characteristics. Experimental results show that In DSC curve, Endothermic peak at 101 °C is attributed to dehydration/Water loss from surface and pores of the powder sample. Step at 215 °C is associated with second order phase transition such as Glass Transition and it should be further confirmed in second heating (During heat- cool- heat cycle). Endothermic peak at 336 °C is associated protease thermal decomposition /Beta Cyclodextrin breakdown. In the TGA Curve, The initial 4 % weight loss is due to water loss from surface/pores of powder sample. Second weight loss between 200-450 °C is associated to degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose.

Pyrolysis Features of Larch Bark and Xylem

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Shuang Du ◽  
Xiang Yu Li ◽  
Xue Yong Ren ◽  
Yan Xue Han
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Tg And Dtg ◽  
Benzene Extract ◽  
Alcohol Benzene

In this paper, the ultimate, proximate and component analyses of the Daxinganling larch bark and xylem were performed and intercompared respectively. The pyrolysis features of the bark and xylem were analyzed by using the differential thermal thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TG). The influences of heating rate on pyrolysis features were discussed. The results show: (i) the content of H is a little more in the xylem than the bark and the content of ash in the bark is two times of the xylem and the content of fixed carbon in the xylem is two times of the bark. The content of alcohol-benzene extract is significantly more in the bark than the xylem and the glarson lignin in the bark is two times of the xylem but the hemicellulose in the xylem is three times of the bark; (ii) the process of the bark pyrolysis has two pyrolysis areas, but the xylem has a only pyrolysis area, however, the main pyrolysis interval of temperature of the bark and xylem are between 420K to 720K, in which the weight-loss of bark is 87-91% of the full weight-loss and the xylem weight-loss is 91-95% of the full weight-loss. (iii) the DTG peak of the xylem is behind 25 K of bark, and the DTG peak of the bark is-0.47 but the xylem-0.93. (iv) the curves of the TG and DTG move to the side of the higher temperature a bit following the heating rate increased, while the main pyrolysis areas are wider.

scholarly journals Effects of Water Content and Particle Size on Yield and Reactivity of Lignite Chars Derived from Pyrolysis and Gasification

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Huang ◽  
Yonggang Wang ◽  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Yaxuan Gao ◽  
Deliang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Char Structure ◽  
Reaction Atmosphere ◽  
Char Conversion ◽  
Water Contents

Water inside coal particles could potentially enhance the interior char–steam reactions during pyrolysis and gasification. This study aims to examine the effects of water contents on the char conversion during the pyrolysis and gasification of Shengli lignite. The ex-situ reactivities of chars were further analyzed by a thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA). Under the pyrolysis condition, the increase in water contents has monotonically decreased the char yields only when the coal particles were small (<75 µm). In contrast, the water in only large coal particles (0.9–2.0 mm) has clearly favored the increase in char conversion during the gasification condition where 50% steam in argon was used as external reaction atmosphere. The waved reactivity curves for the subsequent char–air reactions were resulted from the nature of heterogeneity of char structure. Compared to the large particles, the less interior char–steam reactions for the small particles have created more differential char structure which showed two different stages when reacting with air at the low temperature in TGA.

Adsorption Characteristics of Modified MiL-101(Cr) for Gas (Mainly CH4) Storage Applications

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
How Wei Benjamin Teo ◽  
Anutosh Chakraborty ◽  
Kim Tiow Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
N2 Adsorption ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Ch4 Uptake

As promising material for gas storage applications, MIL-101(Cr) can further be modified by doping with alkali metal (Li+, Na+, K+) ions. However, the doping concentration should be optimized below 10% to improve the methane adsorption. This article presents (i) the synthesis of MIL-101 (Cr) Metal Organic Frameworks, (ii) the characterization of the proposed doped adsorbent materials by X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, N2 Adsorption, Thermo-Gravimetric Analyzer, and (iii) the measurements of methane uptakes for the temperatures ranging from 125 K to 303 K and pressures up to 10 bar. It is found that the Na+ doped MIL-101(Cr) exhibits CH4 uptake capacity of (i) 295 cm3/cm3 at 10 bar and 160 K and (ii) 95 cm3/cm3 at 10 bar at 298 K. This information is important to design adsorbed natural gas (ANG) storage tank under ANG-LNG (liquefied natural gas) coupling conditions.

Immobilization of K7PW11O39 on ZrO2 Nanofiber: Ultra-deep Desulfurization Based in Extraction Catalytic Oxidation Desulfurization System

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Guowei Zeng ◽  
Guihong Wu ◽  
Zhihui Wang ◽  
Xiaonan Li ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Mechanism ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Deep Desulfurization ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Model Oil

In this work, K7PW11O39 (abbreviated as PW11) was immobilized on ZrO2 nanofibers and used as an efficient recyclable catalyst in extraction catalytic oxidation desulfurization system (ECODS).The 500 ppm DBT model oil(5mL) can desulphurize completely within 20 min with the catalytic conditions of 50��, 0.010 g 50 wt%- CTAB�C PW11�CZrO2 nanofibers and O/S molar ratio H2O2/DBT molar ratio�� was 2:1. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA). The results indicated the PW11�CZrO2 nanofibers were synthesized successfully and the possible catalytic mechanism is also revealed.

EFFECT OF PRE-FREEZING HAMS ON QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF DRY-CURED PRODUCT

1972 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. Graham ◽  
T. N. Blumer
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Internal Tissue ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Aging Period ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Fresh State

Hams were frozen, stored, and thawed before dry-curing to study the profiles of quality as related to environmental conditions. Quality appraisals and sampling were done after thawing, after curing, and after 30 days aging in an atmosphere where temperature and relative humidity were controlled at about 34.5 C and 62.5%, respectively. The pH, water, NaCl, and fat contents were determined. Surface pH of hams increased from the thawed fresh state to the unstored cured state, but decreased generally after the aging period (stored cured ham). The pH was higher on the surface than that of corresponding internal areas. The pH of the internal tissue was lower for thawed product than cured or aged product. The average percent water decreased during curing and aging periods. Water loss after curing and after aging in the prefrozen hams was greater than that reported for unfrozen hams. The quantity of water, NaCl, and fat varied among the several muscle areas and reasons for variation are discussed. All hams were of acceptable quality at each appraisal period. Decreasing moisture levels of hams were reflected by decreases in conformation scores throughout the processing periods. Increased firmness was accompanied by weight loss, moisture loss, and increased NaCl percentage.

The Effect of Residence Time on Biomass Pyrolysis of Several in Different Temperature Nodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 280-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Cai ◽  
Qing Cheng Wang ◽  
Quan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Interval Length ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Typical Temperature

The effect of residence time on biomass pyrolysis is discussed in the paper. Firstly, several typical temperature nodes (573, 873, 1073, and 1273K) are selected as the experimental subjects. Then, the residence time is changed in these temperature nodes. Finally, thermo gravimetric analyzer is used to study the pyrolysis and kinetics characteristics of biomass in different experimental conditions. The results show that extension of residence time is not conducive to biomass mass loss and heat release at 523, 873, 1073, and 1273K. In the several temperature condition that the faster heating rate and the shorter residence time, the more weightlessness is and the phenomenon is more obvious in low temperature. With the increase of the residence time, area and value of the second endothermic peak decreases and the value moves to high temperature zone. When the residence time is not the same value, the biomass pyrolysis can still be fitted for two first-order kinetic equations. At the same time, temperature interval length of fitting curve decreases and further leads to E and A increase.

Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Low Rank Coal

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 493-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Hui Song ◽  
Jian Mei She ◽  
Xin Zhe Lan ◽  
Jun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Coal Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetic

The pyrolysis characteristics of Jianfanggou(JFG) coal was studied using a thermo-gravimetric analyzer and the pyrolysis kinetic parameters were calculated at the different heating rate. The results showed the DTG curves under different heating rate had three peaks and the corresponding temperature were 100°C, 470°C and 750°C, the pyrolysis process can be divided into three stages conclusively. The maximum weight loss rate at 470°C indicated the major weight loss occurred in the second stage. The Tb, Tf and T∞ obtained under experiment situation. The results of the JFG coal pyrolysis kinetic showed the Tb, Tf and T∞ increased gradually with the accretion of the heating rate. In the meantime, the variation of frequency factor was consistent with the trend of activation energy.

The Pyrogenation-Characters of Different Layers of the Castor Stalk

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 2105-2109
Author(s):  
Xiao Ping Li ◽  
Ding Guo Zhou ◽  
Si Qun Wang ◽  
Hai Yan Mao
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
The Relationship

Castor is one kind of excellent woody materials and can be used to make wood based panel instead of the wood materials. To use the castor stalk better, it studies the chemical composition including cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and the standard of PRC respectively, the pyrogenation-characters by thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and the relationship between chemical composition and the pyrogenation-characters by SAS. The results showed that the chemical composition and pyrogenation-characters are different in different layers of the castor stalk, besides the castor stalk is mainly pyrolysis in second stage (between 170-330°C).

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