scholarly journals Pollutant Removal from Sewage in Tropical Climate by Constructed Wetland System: An Asset for Irrigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 20-43
Author(s):  
Boopathy Usharani ◽  
Namasivayam Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Onsite Treatment

In the global outlook, letting of untreated sewage in existing river bodies deteriorates the water quality. The seepage likely depreciates the quality of ground water too. The quality of groundwater with special reference to India has tremendously gone down in the past twenty years leading to sour taste. On the other hand, agriculture sector is deprived of water in many places of India. A solution can be arrived concurrently by treating sewage and consuming the effluent in agricultural sector. First order kinetics was applied in constructed wetland system at different flow rates and optimised. At optimised HLR, effluent met the standards of discharge that can be utilized for agricultural/ irrigational purpose. The emanating major pollutants can be effectively treated using constructed wetland system under tropical climate. A few clippings at the onsite treatment illustrated the diversity of species thus adjoining sustainable biodiversity and treatment. Thus in tropical countries like India, constructed wetland system might pave solution not only for the treatment of sewage but in deploying the effluent in agricultural sector. A clean ecosystem can be achieved with sustainability.

scholarly journals Sewage Treatment through Constructed Wetland System Tailed by Nanocomposite Clay Filter: A Clean Green Initiative

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 32-54
Author(s):  
Boopathy Usharani ◽  
Namasivayam Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Pathogen Reduction ◽  
And Control

Sewage treatment through constructed wetland is an ecofriendly and sustainable approach proven effective worldwide. Constructed wetland with appropriate species is capable of eliminating all pollutants in sewage, except pathogen removal. An additional polishing treatment is required to eliminate pathogen. Optimization of HLR in CWS was executed by applying first order kinetics. Nanocomposite clay filter with economically viable materials was synthesized and disinfection ability was evaluated. A novel approach integrating constructed wetland system tailed by nanocomposite clay filter was designed. Control was setup with constructed wetland system devoid of plants integrated with clay filter devoid of nanoparticles. The constructed wetland system devoid of plants was used as plants play a vital role in the removal of pollutants. The quality of the influent for (n=20) BOD, COD, TKN, TP, TSS, TDS, SO4, Cl, lead and iron were 248, 345, 26, 4.8, 350, 450, 50, 48, 0.2, 5 mg/L respectively. The quality of effluent in the control was 145, 225, 18, 3.8, 185, 345, 31, 30, 0.6, 2 mg/L for BOD,COD, TKN, TP, TSS, TDS, SO4, Cl, lead and iron respectively. While in the test, 10, 30, 2, 1, 30, 128, 13, 12, BDL, BDL mg/L for BOD, COD, TKN, TP,TSS, TDS, SO4, Cl, lead and iron respectively. The inlet concentration of T.C, F.C and E.coli were 42.1x106-6.3x108, 4.9x105-14.4x106 and 7.8x103-3.8x105 respectively. The pathogen reduction in log removal for test and control units were 5.4 and 1.1 for T.C, 4.4 and 1.2 for F.C and 3 and 1 for E.coli.  Thus it is a clean green initiative combating the limitations of disinfection surpassing the existing barriers.

Water Budget of Constructed Wetland System with Subsurface Vertical Flow in Sub-Humid Tropical Climate

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Édio Damásio da Silva Júnior ◽  
Rogério de Araújo Almeida ◽  
Elisa Rodrigues Siqueira ◽  
Ábio Roduvalho da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Humid Tropical Climate ◽  
Wetland System

scholarly journals Influence of Investment and Labour on Agriculture Sector Economy of South Kalimantan Province

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Yunani ◽  
Nasrudin Nasrudin
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Service Creation ◽  
Systematic Risks ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Potential Area

The purpose of this study was to describe the development of investment and employment in South Kalimantan and to analyze the effect of investment and employment in the agricultural sector to GDP in South Kalimantan. This research is a quantitative study by conducting data collection at the Central Bureau of Statistics South Kalimantan Province pertaininglabour and the economy GDP Data and at Bappeda South Kalimantan and BKPMD (Investment Coordinating Board) South Kalimantan related PMA and PMD data investments as well as data from the Investment Credit Bank Indonesia Banjarmasin.The results showed that the province of South Kalimantan economy during the year 2002-2011grow positively. The condition is mainly supported by a number of industries (which are labour intensive) and the number of people working in agriculture, trade, and mining. However, no significant investment to GDP of Agriculture Sector in South Kalimantan was observed. Labour is still positive but not significant effect on GDP of Agriculture Sector. Taken together investment and employment significantly influence GDP of Agriculture Sector in South Kalimantan, though only 61.5% of the dependent variable explained by the independent variable, while the remaining 38.5% was explained by outside the regression model. It was suggested that the governments of South Kalimantan Province should do efforts to improve the quality of the labour force (i.e., by the local government. The role of the investment must also be adapted to the spirit of regional autonomy and should be encouraged to increase investment conducive situation, mapping the potential area and the establishment of integrated services in the unit for easy service creation and investment business license in order to avoid mistakes in investing and avoid systematic risks.

scholarly journals Konsep dan Arah Kebijakan Pemerintah dalam Pembangunan Pertanian di Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmayandi Mulda
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Price Stability ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Data Field ◽  
The Government

Abstract The government's policy on development in Indonesia is considered to be impartial in the agriculture sector, from observations, the portion of the budget each year is mostly channeled to other sectors, such as education, health, security and other routine expenditures such as salaries and operations, agriculture is considered very minimal, whereas more than half of the population in Indonesia works in the agricultural sector. The farmers are still complaining about infrastructure problems such as dams, irrigation, and farm roads. In addition, the quality of human resources working in the agricultural sector is still low, the price stability of production is uncertain so that at any time can harm the farmers, the survival of the survivors are allowed by the government when they have great service in encouraging development. The number of problems that occurred in the agricultural sector became the basis of this paper. This research is based on qualitative research, where researchers collect various data field and conduct a deep analysis of the data and on the problems that occur. The conclusion of this research is that government should direct development in agriculture sector so that people get welfare by making policies or regulations that favor the farmers by improving the quality of human resources in the agricultural sector, the availability of facilities and infrastructure, the guarantee of the price of agricultural products and the guarantee of survival farmers. Keywords: policy, government, development, agriculture Abstrak Kebijakan pemerintah dalam pembangunan di Indonesia dinilai belum memihak pada sektor pertanian, dari hasil pengamatan, porsi anggaran tiap tahunnya lebih banyak tersalurkan pada sektor-sektor yang lain, seperti pendidikan, kesehatan, keamanan maupun belanja rutin lainnya seperti gaji pegawai dan operasional, sedangkan untuk sektor pertanian dinilai sangat minim, padahal lebih dari setengah jumlah penduduk di Indonesia bekerja di sektor pertanian. Para petani masih banyak mengeluhkan masalah infrastruktur seperti bendungan, irigasi, maupun jalan tani, selain itu kualitas sumber daya manusia yang bekerja disektor pertanian masih rendah, stabilitas harga hasil produksi tidak menentu sehingga sewaktu-waktu dapat merugikan para petani, jaminan kelansungan hidup para petani dibiarkan begitu saja oleh pemerintah padahal mereka punya jasa besar dalam mendorong pembangunan. Banyaknya masalah yang terjadi disektor pertanian tersebut menjadi dasar dari tulisan ini. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada penelitian kualitatif, dimana peneliti mengumpulkan berbagai data dilapangan dan melakukan analisis yang mendalam terhadap data-data maupun pada persoalan-persoalan yang terjadi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemerintah seharusnya mengarahkan pembangunan pada sektor pertanian sehingga masyarakat mendapatkan kesejahteraan dengan membuat kebijakan atau regulasi yang memihak kepada petani dengan cara peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia di sektor pertanian, ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana, jaminan harga hasil produksi pertanian dan jaminan kelangsungan hidup para petani. Kata kunci: kebijakan, pemerintah, pembagunan, pertanian

Zero-discharge of nutrients and water in a willow dominated constructed wetland

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gregersen ◽  
H. Brix
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Salix Viminalis ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
Zero Discharge ◽  
Wetland System

A novel constructed wetland system has been developed to treat sewage, evaporate water and recycle nutrients from single households at sites where effluent standards are stringent and soil infiltration is not possible. Main attributes of the willow wastewater cleaning facilities are that the systems have zero discharge, the willows evapotranspire the water, and nutrients can be recycled via the willow biomass produced in the system. The willow wastewater cleaning facilities generally consist of c. 1.5 m deep high-density polyethylene-lined basins filled with soil and planted with clones of willow (Salix viminalis L.). The surface area of the systems depends on the amount and quality of the sewage to be treated and the local annual rainfall. For a single household the area needed typically is between 200-300 m2. Settled sewage is dispersed underground into the bed under pressure. When correctly dimensioned, the willow will - on an annual basis - evapotranspire all water from the sewage and rain falling onto the system, and take up all nutrients and heavy metals from the sewage. The stems of the willows are harvested on a regular basis to remove nutrients and heavy metals and to stimulate the growth of the willows. Initial experiences from full-scale systems in Denmark show promising results.

scholarly journals Performance of the constructed wetland system for the treatment of water from the corumbataí river

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1279-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Kleiber Pessoa Borges ◽  
Sâmia Maria Tauk-Tornisielo ◽  
Roberto Naves Domingos ◽  
Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Total Phosphorous ◽  
Apparent Color ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Alternative Water

The aim of this work was to study the constructed wetland system for the treatment of water from the Corumbataí river simulated on a laboratory scale. The parameters analyzed at different points of the system were ammonia, biochemical demand for oxygen (BDO), chemical demand for oxygen (CDO), chlorides, apparent color, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), silicon (Si), total phosphorous, total coliforms and Escherichia coli, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, and macrophyte biomass. The results demonstrated that this alternative water treatment system was effective in removing the microorganisms (total coliforms and E. coli), among other parameters analyzed, for varying periods of the treatment, promoting notable improvement in the quality of the water treated from the Corumbataí River.

scholarly journals Automated IoT Based Indoor Irrigation

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Parameswaran B ◽  
Abdul Hakkim Rabbani. A. S ◽  
Abdur Rasik. T. K. M ◽  
Karthikeyan. A. K ◽  
Keerthi. J
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
The World

Agriculture is becoming an important growing sector throughout the world due to increasing population. Major challenge in agriculture sector is to improve farm productivity and quality of farming without continuous manual monitoring to meet the rapidly growing demand for food. Apart from increasing population, the climate change is also a big concern in agricultural sector. Thus, rather than performing outdoor irrigation; here a small indoor farming method is performed based on Internet of Things. The smart farming method enables the collection of data and automated farming technique.

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