scholarly journals Developing the Social Empathy Index: An Exploratory Factor Analysis

10.18060/2042 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Segal ◽  
M. Alex Wagaman ◽  
Karen E. Gerdes

Social empathy, the ability to understand people from different socioeconomic classes and racial/ethnic backgrounds, with insight into the context of institutionalized inequalities and disparities, can inspire positive societal change and promote social well-being. The value of teaching social empathy and creating interventions that promote social empathy is enhanced by the ability to measure and assess it. This article provides a validation of the Social Empathy Index, a tool that practitioners can easily use to assess individuals’ levels of interpersonal and social empathy. An exploratory factor analysis was used to validate the instrument and confirm the conceptual model for social empathy.

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Solberg ◽  
Lauren B. Solberg ◽  
Emily N. Peterson

Stress in caregivers may affect the healthcare recipients receive. We examined the impact of stress experienced by 45 adult caregivers of their elderly demented parents. The participants completed a 32-item questionnaire about the impact of experienced stress. The questionnaire also asked about interventions that might help to reduce the impact of stress. After exploratory factor analysis, we reduced the 32-item questionnaire to 13 items. Results indicated that caregivers experienced stress, anxiety, and sadness. Also, emotional, but not financial or professional, well-being was significantly impacted. There was no significant difference between the impact of caregiver stress on members from the sandwich generation and those from the nonsandwich generation. Meeting with a social worker for resource availability was identified most frequently as a potentially helpful intervention for coping with the impact of stress.


2020 ◽  
pp. 019394592095668
Author(s):  
Carol M. Musil ◽  
McKenzie K. Wallace ◽  
Alexandra B. Jeanblanc ◽  
Valerie B. Toly ◽  
Jaclene A. Zauszniewski ◽  
...  

Mindfulness, resilience, and resourcefulness are theoretically distinct but related constructs critical for improving psychosocial well-being outcomes for informal caregivers and others. Our aims were to evaluate the theoretical and operational distinctions among these constructs. Measures of mindfulness (Decentering Scale), resilience (Connor-Davidson Scale) and resourcefulness (Resourcefulness Scale) were collected from a national sample of 348 grandmother caregivers. We conducted exploratory factor analysis and examined correlation patterns. Inter-correlations ranged from r= .26 (resourcefulness and resilience) to r= .73 (resilience and mindfulness). Factor analyses and scree plots indicated unidimensional factors for resilience and for mindfulness, and two factors for resourcefulness (personal and social). When items from all measures were analyzed together, the four factors remained. Distinct relationships were found between mindfulness, resilience, and resourcefulness with relevant external variables. Our results support the conceptual distinctions among the constructs, providing support for interventions targeting these constructs to improve psychosocial outcomes in caregivers.


2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1148-1154
Author(s):  
Lakeshia Cousin ◽  
Laura Redwine ◽  
Christina Bricker ◽  
Kevin Kip ◽  
Harleah Buck

Psychometrics of the Gratitude Questionnaire-6, which measures dispositional gratitude, was originally estimated in healthy college students. The purpose of this study was to examine the scales’ factor structure, convergent/divergent validity, and reliability among 298 AA adults at risk for CVD in the community. Analyses were performed using bivariate correlations, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. The scale demonstrated acceptable estimates for internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.729). Our exploratory factor analysis results yielded a one-factor structure consistent with the original instrument, and the confirmatory factor analysis model was a good fit. Convergent/divergent validity was supported by the association with positive affect (coefficient = 0.482, 95% CI = [0.379, 0.573], spiritual well-being (coefficient = 0.608, 95% CI = [0.519, 0.685], and depressive symptoms (coefficient = −0.378, 95% CI = [−0.475, −0.277]. Findings supported the scale’s reliability and convergent/divergent validity among AAs at risk for CVD.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Well Elias Gonçalves ◽  
Mauro Caetano

Purpose: This study proposes a conceptual model of level of service evaluation to a small-sized airport with a focus on departing passengers.Design/Methodology: The variables selected to compose the model were chosen according to their adequacy to departing passengers and the airport’s characteristics. A survey was conducted, and, posteriorly, exploratory factor analysis was used in order to verify the adequacy of the conceptual model proposed and also to improve it according to the results obtained.Findings: The results show that the level of service of the airport is composed of three dimensions: airport characteristics, passenger processing, and prices. The relative importance of the dimensions according to their contribution to the composition of the airport’s overall level of service was also determined.Originality/value: The paper combines theoretical and practical findings in a model for level of service evaluation to a small-sized airport from an air transportation management perspective.


2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-341
Author(s):  
Klaus E. Cavalhieri ◽  
Kathleen Chwalisz

This article describes the development and initial validation of the Perceived Classism Experiences Scale (PCES), a scale created to measure experiences of classism based on the Social Class Worldview Model. In Study 1, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis on a sample of 309 participants, revealing three distinct factors: Downward Classism, Upward Classism, and Lateral Classism. In Study 2, a confirmatory factor analysis with data from a distinct sample of 341 participants provided further support for the bifactor structure of the PCES. Significant correlations with subjective social status, self-rated health, stress, state and trait anxiety, life satisfaction, and well-being further supported criterion validity of the PCES. The PCES advances on previous scales of classism, as it is theory-driven and it is not restricted to academic environments. We discuss research and practical implications of the PCES.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1295-1309
Author(s):  
Amauche Ehido ◽  
Zainudin Awang ◽  
Bahyah Abdul Halim ◽  
Chukwuebuka Ibeabuchi

Purpose of the study: Quality of work life (QWL) is vital for all establishments to continue to hire and retain high-performance workers. However, from the review of previous literature on QWL, little is known about the dimensions that constitute high QWL among academics. Therefore, this study aimed at contributing to the literature by conducting a detailed validation of seven dimensions of QWL through the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure. Methodology: This study employed a cross-sectional research design to establish reliable measures for the QWL construct. The items were adapted and modified to suit this study. Study data was obtained using a structured questionnaire from 100 randomly selected academics from the five Malaysian research universities. The study further conducted the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure using IBM-SPSS version 21.0. Main Findings: A total of 51 items were initially developed to measure QWL construct, however, from the EFA procedure, the study found that 8 items with factor loading below the cut-off point of .60 were deleted and 48 items with a factor loading above the cut-off point of .60 were retained and deemed suitable to measure the QWL construct. Applications of this study: This study validated the dimensions that lead to improved QWL. Therefore, this study is particularly useful to the Malaysian universities' management who aim to obtain benefits from super motivated and high-performance academics by making sure that the workers' overall well-being is protected in the workplace. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study established a validated and reliable instrument for measuring the QWL construct among academics in the Malaysian research universities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gökmen Arslan ◽  
Paul T P Wong

Responsibility was regarded as essential for wellbeing, and measuring this construct is warranted to develop strategies that promote people’s mental health and well-being. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the initial development and validation of the Responsibility Scale (RS) to measure the sense of responsibility of individuals. Participants included two independent samples, comprising of 284 adults, ranging in age between 18 and 84 years. Sample 1 was used to conducted the exploratory factor analysis and comprised of 152 adults (65% female), ranging in age from 18 to 82 years (M = 43.18, SD = 14.68). Sample 2 was used to conduct the confirmatory factor analysis. The sample consisted of 132 adults (56% female), ranging in age from 18 to 84 years (M = 29.08, SD = 12.45). Findings from exploratory factor analysis revealed the RS provided a two–factor solution comprising of 8 items that accounted for 46% of the variance, with equal items targeting characteristics of both personal and social responsibility. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the two–factor latent structure, providing good data-model fit statistics. Further results also showed that the internal reliability of the scale and its subscales were strong.  Finally, the latent path model revealed that the first– and high–order measurement model had positive and significant predictive effects on life satisfaction and negative predictive effects on psychological distress, accounting for the approximately large variance in the variables. Overall, the results suggest that the RS could be used to assess personal and social responsibility among adults.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Eliana María Carrera Garcés ◽  
Helder Marcel Barrera Erreyes

Las habilidades sociales que se generan en los adolescentes son de crucial importancia para la comunicación e intercambio de ideas en diversos ambientes sociales con el fin de expresar sus sentimientos, actitudes, deseos, opiniones; respetando las  conductas de sus semejantes y siendo capaces de resolver conflictos de manera inmediata minimizando así la probabilidad de futuros problemas. Los objetivos de la presente investigación son obtener la validez y las dimensiones del constructor de la escala de habilidades sociales, además buscar diferencias significativas entre los adolescentes de bachillerato general unificado que estudian en instituciones fiscales y particulares de la ciudad de Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua en el primer quimestre del año lectivo 2019-2020. Se contó con la colaboración de 506 estudiantes a quienes se aplicó la encuesta, de los cuales 258 pertenecen a instituciones fiscales y  248 a particulares, en total 264 hombres y 242 mujeres. La técnica utilizada es multivariante del análisis factorial exploratorio en búsqueda de las dimensiones, y para identificar las diferencias el estadístico t de Student para muestras independientes. Los resultados de la confiabilidad del instrumento fueron de α= 0,795 y con el análisis factorial exploratorio se encontró dos dimensiones, las habilidades de resolución de conflictos y asertividad, y la segunda habilidades comunicativas o relacionales con una varianza total explicada del 50,37%. Adicionalmente, se encontró que los adolescentes que estudian en las unidades educativas particulares tienen mayores habilidades sociales que los adolescentes de las unidades educativas fiscales; y de manera general las mujeres adolescentes tienen mayores habilidades sociales que los hombres sin tomar en cuenta el tipo de unidad educativa. PALABRAS CLAVE: habilidades sociales; adolescencia; unidades educativas. DIFFERENCES OF SOCIAL SKILLS BETWEEN ADOLESCENTS OF THE FISCAL AND PARTICULAR EDUCATIONAL UNITS ABSTRACT The social skills that are generated in adolescents are of crucial importance for the communication and exchange of ideas in various social environments in order to express their feelings, attitudes, desires, opinions; respecting the behavior of their peers and being able to resolve conflicts immediately thus minimizing the probability of future problems. The objectives of the present investigation are to obtain the validity and the dimensions of the social skills scale, in addition to looking for specific differences between the adolescents who study in fiscal and particular educational units of the city of Ambato, province of Tungurahua in the first quarter of the 2019-2020 school year. There was the collaboration of 506 students to whom the survey was applied, of which 258 belong to fiscal educational units and 248 individuals belong to particular educational units, in total 264 men and 242 women. The technique identified is multivariate of the exploratory factor analysis in search of the dimensions, and to identify the differences the Student t statistic for independent samples. The instrument's reliability results were α = 0.795 and with the exploratory factor analysis two dimensions were found, conflict resolution and assertiveness skills, and the second communicative or relational skills with a total explained variance of 50.37%. In addition, it is found that adolescents studying in particular educational units have greater social skills than adolescents of fiscal educational units; and in general, adolescent women have greater social skills than men regardless of the type of educational unit. KEYWORDS: social skills; adolescence; educational units.


2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Maya AL-ABDALA ◽  
Afraa SALLOWM ◽  
Safwan ABOUASSAF

<p class="042abstractstekst">The objective of this research was to classify the determinant factors of irrigated vegetable problems and the amount of variance that is explained by each factor in Swaida Governorate/ Syria by using the Exploratory Factor Analysis. The research is based on the data which were collected through questionnaires that were obtained according to the opinions of farmers. It included questions about some of the social and economic characteristics of farmers, and the concerning problems related to irrigated agriculture by using multiple-choice questions (on a 3-point scale) during the 2019-2020 Based on a sample size of 92 farmers, representing 54.9 % of the studied statistical community, and distributed randomly within the areas of spread of irrigated vegetable cultivation.. The results showed the success of using the exploratory factor analysis technique, using the Principal components methodology and Varimax in classifying six factors with an initial eigenvalues greater than one for each, and these factors are: agricultural technological progress, agricultural employment, sale outlets, natural conditions, prices, production requirements. These factors explained (13.21 %, 12.65 %, 12.55 %, 11.12 %, 10.94 %, and 9.85 %) of the total variance respectively, and together explained 70.33 %.</p>


2021 ◽  
pp. 019027252110376
Author(s):  
Zelma Oyarvide Tuthill

Studies document how identity related processes, including identity centrality, shape mental well being. More research, however, is needed that considers how identity centrality impacts well being for people with more than one marginalized identity. Drawing from data from 1,571 black and Latinx sexual minorities included in the Social Justice Sexuality Project, I apply an intercategorical intersectional approach to examine the association between the intersection of sexual and racial/ethnic identity centrality and mental well being. Ordinary least squares regression models show three key findings. First, I found a significant association between both racial/ethnic and sexual identity centrality and mental well being. Second, my results highlight a significant interaction effect between sexual and racial/ethnic identity centrality, indicating the relationship between centrality and well being varies across different levels of centrality. Finally, my results indicate that after adjusting for identity centrality, other predictors remain significantly associated with well being.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document