scholarly journals Plantlet formation from internode bases of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) in vivo - useful to mutation breeding or not?

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
J.B.M. Custers
Keyword(s):  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Main Axis ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Plantlet Formation ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation

After decapitation of the main shoot and subsequently the axillary shoots of carnation plants, annular zones extending between axils of opposite leaves produced numerous buds. Low temperatures (10-14 deg C) were essential for this bud formation, which was restricted to young internodes. The season affected the time till bud formation, and determined whether the buds were formed from the main axis or the laterals. Indications were found that these buds were adventitious. The possibility of using these buds in mutation breeding, and the possible risks if they are formed during clonal micropropagation in vitro, are discussed. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Clonal Micropropagation of Cranberry (Oxycoccus palustris Pers.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Sergey Makarov ◽  
Irina Kuznetsova ◽  
Mikhail Upadyshev ◽  
Sergey Rodin ◽  
Anton Chudetsky
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Total Growth

Introduction. The last decade saw a considerable increase in the demand for European cranberry planting material (Oxyccocus palustris Pers.) among consumers of non-timber forest products. Cranberry possesses high nutritional and medicinal value. Cultivars and hybrids of European cranberry prove extremely productive for plantation growth using the method of clonal micropropagation with revitalized planting material. Study objects and methods. The research featured European cranberry plants of the Dar Kostromy cultivar and its hybrid form 1-15-635. The study focused on the effect of various medications and growth regulators on the biometric profile of European cranberry and its adaptation to non-sterile conditions at all stages of in vivo clonal micropropagation. Results and discussion. During the introduction stage, the highest viability belonged to the explants treated with AgNO3 (95–96%) and Lizoformin 3000 (5%) as the main sterilizing solutions at a 10-min exposure and a 5% solution of Ecosterilizer (1:1) at a 20-min exposure (90–95%). During the micropropagation proper, the number, average length, and total growth of shoots increased as the concentration of cytokinin 2ip in the WPM 1/4 nutrient medium rose from 1.0 to 5.0 mg/L. At the stage of in vitro rooting, the maximal number, average length, and total growth of roots in regenerated plants for both cultivars were observed when Kornerost 5.0 mg/L was added to the WPM 1/4 nutrient medium. At the stage of adaptation to in vivo conditions, Micogel 0.2 mg/L contributed to the highest survival rate (94–100%). Conclusion. During clonal micropropagation in vitro, the biometric profile of European cranberry (Oxyccocus palustris Pers.) and its survival rate under non-sterile conditions in vivo proved to depend on various growth-regulating substances and their concentrations.

USING OF LARGE WAX MOTH LARVAE PRODUCTS EXCRETED IN CLONAL MICROREPRODUCTION OF GARDEN STRAWBERRY

1970 ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
М. G. Markova ◽  
Е. N. Somova
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Wax Moth

Work on the clonal micropropagation of strawberries comes down to the search for new growth regulators, which include a biologically active substance - the waste product of the wax moth Galleria mellonella L. The effect of the waste product of the wax moth on the efficiency of clonal micropropagation of strawberries (Fragaria х ananassa duch) in vitro and in vivo conditions in 2018-2020 is shown. The object of research is micro-cuttings, rooted micro-cuttings and adapted micro-plants of garden strawberries of the Korona variety and of the remontant strawberries of the Brighton variety. It was revealed that at the proliferation stage, the propagation coefficient of the Korona variety increased significantly with the introduction of the waste product of the wax moth in doses of 4.0 mg/L and 6.0 mg/L and amounted to 4.2 and 3.8 pcs./explant, respectively; for Brighton variety, the coefficient increased significantly when the dose of the waste product of the wax moth 2.0 mg/L and amounted to 4.6 pcs./explant. The introduction of the waste product of the wax moth in doses of 4.0 mg/L and 6.0 mg/L into the nutrient medium had a significant effect on the yield of Brighton micro-cuttings suitable for rooting: the yield was 95.5 and 94.1%, respectively 87.7% in the control. For the Korona variety, no significant positive effect of the waste product of the wax moth on this indicator was noted. The rooting of micro-cuttings of strawberries of both varieties significantly increased with the introduction of the waste product of the wax moth into the nutrient medium in all studied doses and amounted to 86.4-100% in the Korona variety, and 88.9-100% in the Brighton variety.  The survival rate of adaptable micro-cuttings of Corona variety strawberries when sprayed with an aqueous solution of the waste product of the wax moth at a dose of 4.0 mg/L was 100%; the maximum survival rate of micro-cuttings Brighton variety is 99.8% in the variant with spraying with an aqueous solution of the waste product of the wax moth at a dose of 6.0 mg/L.

scholarly journals Increased CO2 and Light Promote in Vitro Shoot Growth and Development of Theobroma cacao

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Figueira ◽  
Anna Whipkey ◽  
Jules Janick
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes

Axillary shoots of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), induced in vitro with cytokinins (BA or TDZ), elongated and produced leaves only in the presence of cotyledons and/or roots. Detached axillary shoots, which do not grow in `vitro under conventional tissue culture protocols, rooted with auxin and developed normally in vivo. Detached axillary shoots from cotyledonary nodes and single-node cuttings from mature plants were induced to elongate and produce normal leaves in the presence of 20,000 ppm CO2 and a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 150 to 200 μmol·s-1·m-2. Subculture nodal cuttings continued to elongate and produce leaves under elevated CO2 and light levels, and some formed roots. Subculture of microcuttings under CO2 enrichment could be the basis for a rapid system of micropropagation for cacao. Chemical names used: N -(phenylmethyl) -1 H -purin-6-amine (BA); 1 H -indole-3-butyric `acid (IBA); α -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); thidiazuron (TDZ).

scholarly journals The influence of clonal micropropagation on productivity and differentiation of Mentha pіperіta plant tissues

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Talankova-Sereda ◽  
J. V. Kolomiets ◽  
A. V. Holubenko ◽  
N. V. Nuzhyna
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Statistical Analysis Method ◽  
Productivity Indices

Peppermint grass, as a raw medicinal plant material, has great importance for the pharmaceutical industry. The influence of clonal micropropagation and chemotherapy has been established in vitro on six breeds of Ukrainian selection peppermint plants, in particular on the sprouts’ conductive system structure and tissue development, general biomass accumulation, and in vivo productivity of breeds. The influence of clonal micropropagation and chemotherapy on important productivity indices of the plants has been established in vitro in six breeds of Ukrainian selection peppermint plants as pharmacopeial plants. The linear meter method, the microscopic method, the standard histochemical methods, and the statistical analysis method were used in the studies. A clear tendency to increase in the leaf cover, air-dry leafage and rhizome was observed in breeds of Ukrainian selection peppermint to which propagation and in vitro improvement technology was applied. The air-dry leafage yield significantly increased after in vitro culture from 7.6% in the Lidiia breed to 51.4% in the Chornolysta breed recognized as a state mint standard in Ukraine. The leaf cover increased from 8% to 21% in peppermint plants improved in іn vitro culture. This method promoted essential oil quantity increase from 9.8 to 28.6 kg per hectare. The rhizome yield increased by 6.3–40.4% in all peppermint plants breeds after improvement in in vitro culture on average within one vegetation year. The Lebedyna Pisnіa and Mama breeds were characterised by the most intensive development of all investigated anatomic and morphological indices after in vitro culture: rhizomes yield increased by 40.4% and 40.1%, air-dry leafage by 37.1% and 26.6%, leaf cover by 21.0% and 13.0%, and essential oil quantity per hectare increased by 38.1% and 28.5% accordingly. Anatomical and histochemical studies of sprouts of Ukrainian selection peppermint plants breeds confirmed increase in xylogenesis intensity in the majority of the studied breeds (except Lidiia and Ukrains’ka Pertseva) after in vitro culture improvement. The xylogenesis process was most expressed in the Mama and Chornolysta breeds. Air-dry leafage, rhizome yield, and leaf cover increased in all peppermint plants breeds after in vitro improvement, which could be critical for the pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies on Cellular Behaviour of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllusLinn. cv. Grenadin) GrownIn VivoandIn Vitrofor Early Detection of Somaclonal Variation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob ◽  
Rosna Mat Taha ◽  
Arash Khorasani Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Culture Period ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
The Mean

The present study deals with the cytological investigations on the meristematic root cells of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllusLinn.) grownin vivoandin vitro. Cellular parameters including the mitotic index (MI), chromosome count, ploidy level (nuclear DNA content), mean cell and nuclear areas, and cell doubling time (Cdt) were determined from the 2 mm root tip segments of this species. The MI value decreased when cells were transferred fromin vivotoin vitroconditions, perhaps due to early adaptations of the cells to thein vitroenvironment. The mean chromosome number was generally stable (2n=2x=30) throughout the 6-month culture period, indicating no occurrence of early somaclonal variation. Following the transfer to thein vitroenvironment, a significant increase was recorded for mean cell and nuclear areas, from 26.59 ± 0.09 μm2to 35.66 ± 0.10 μm2and 142.90 ± 0.59 μm2to 165.05 ± 0.58 μm2, respectively. However, the mean cell and nuclear areas ofin vitrogrownD. caryophylluswere unstable and fluctuated throughout the tissue culture period, possibly due to organogenesis or rhizogenesis. Ploidy level analysis revealed thatD. caryophyllusroot cells contained high percentage of polyploid cells when grownin vivoand maintained high throughout the 6-month culture period.

scholarly journals Cultivation of mycelium and the study of the phytopathogenicity of certain xylotrophic basidiomycetes under in vitro conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
E. Maramokhin ◽  
M. Sirotina ◽  
D. Zontikov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activities ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Xylotrophic Basidiomycetes ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Synthetic Media

The paper discusses the cultivation of the mycelium of some economically significant xylotrophic basidiomycetes using methods of clonal micropropagation. For cultivation, Chapek, Murashige-Skoog synthetic media are used, a comparative analysis of mycelium growth in these media is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the study of the phytopathogenic properties of mycelium obtained in vitro. Two variants of phytopathogenicity are being studied: the cultural one, which is associated with the nature and intensity of mycelium growth on a nutrient medium, and phytopathogenicity for anatomical structures during the joint cultivation of xylotrophic basidiomycetes mycelium with parts of shoots from B. pendula and P. tremula. Significant variability was shown both in the expansivity of mycelial growth and in the manifestation of the degree of phytopathogenicity in different types of xylotrophs. Microscopy of the in vitro mycelium obtained was also carried out in order to more accurately identify the organism under study and to study the anatomical and morphological features. In general, this study will make it possible to better understand the ecology of these organisms in vivo, to model the interaction of the host para-site, and to more quickly and accurately conduct a specific determination of the phytopathogen, which can be used when conducting sanitary-protective and other economic activities in the forest industry.

scholarly journals Improvement of the grapes propagation technology in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 (9) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Lekonceva ◽  
Aleksandr Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Sterile Culture ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. The aim of research is improvement of the production technology in vitro of the grapes Pamyati Dombkovskoy. Methods. Methods generally accepted in the practice of clonal micropropagation of plants were applied. There are sterilization of the starting material, introduction into culture, clonal micropropagation, and in vitro rooting, followed by adaptation to in vivo conditions. The study object was micro cuttings grapes of the cultural variety Pamyati Dombkovskoy. The experiments were set up in three replicates, one replication was at least 10 test tubes. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out by the dispersion method according to B. A. Dospekhov. The following parameters were taken into account: micro-shoots and microplants heights, leaves number, proliferation coefficient. Root development was assessed in points. The success of adaptation was considered as the percentage of adapted microplants to the total number planted in the substrate. At the stage of adaptation, we applied supplemented and developed by us technique during clonal micropropagation of the Angelica rose. Research result. Success of estanlishment explants was 40 % on Murashige and Skoog growing medium with a reduced content of macronutrients, when introduced into a sterile culture in vitro. The optimal concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) was determined at the proliferation stage – 1 mg/l. There are decrease in the proliferation coefficient from 4.4 pcs/cutting to 3.3 and 2.9 pcs/cutting respectively with an increase in the concentration of cytokinin 6-BAP to 2.0 and 3.0 mg / l (LSD05 = 1.0). It was revealed that the best growing medium for rooting micrograpes is the environment according to Zlenko and others, when the best microplants development is achieved according to such morphometric parameters as microshoots height, leaves number and root system. On the medium Zlenko and others, microplants height was higher by 4.3 mm than the control with LSD05 = 2.7, the number of leaves was more by 0.5 with LSD05 = 0.3, and the root system of microplants is better developed by 0.4 points (LSD05 = 0.2). Scientific novelty. Positive results were received when rooted grapes cuttings were adapted after 14 days of cultivation on rooting medium, which allows to reduce the duration of micro grapes in a test tube in 2–4 times compared with the conventional method. The use of the biological product “Trichoderma Veride” for watering the soil substrate with the subsequent spraying of adaptable microplants with the organosilicone fertilizer “Siliplant” is recommended.

Improved in ovulo embryo culture for stenospermocarpic grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Liu ◽  
S. R. Sykes ◽  
P. R. Clingeleffer
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Plantlet Formation ◽  
Seedless Grape

In ovulo embryo rescue techniques have been used to recover new hybrids from seedless × seedless grape crosses. This study was conducted to increase efficiency by investigating effects of genotype, medium, and ovule removal age on ovule elongation, embryo recovery, growth, and plantlet formation. Ovules from self-pollinated berries of seedless varieties Sunmuscat, Merbein Seedless, and Marroo Seedless were cultured at 30, 43, 60, and 70 days after flowering (DAF) in a range of media, some of which were supplemented with gibberellic acid (GA3) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The effect of activated charcoal (AC) in media on rescued embryos was also investigated. Ovules exhibited continuous growth in vivo and in vitro. The most vigorous growth was observed for ovules cultured at 30 and 43 DAF, but more embryos were recovered from ovules cultured at 60 and 70 DAF. Ovule growth and embryo production in vitro were improved in Bouquet and Davis (BD) and Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) media. Supplementation with GA3 increased embryo recovery rates. Highest embryo recovery rates were 18.1%, 9.6%, and 12.2% for Sunmuscat, Merbein Seedless, and Marroo Seedless, respectively, when ovules were excised and cultured at 60 or 70 DAF in either BD or NN media. In vitro embryo survival and plantlet formation were higher for torpedo-shaped embryos, and improved greatly in 6-benzyladenine (BA)-supplemented woody plant (WP) medium containing 0.3% AC. Embryo recovery was improved by excising and culturing ovules at 60 DAF in BD or NN media and then by transferring embryos to WP medium supplemented with BA and AC.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document