USING OF LARGE WAX MOTH LARVAE PRODUCTS EXCRETED IN CLONAL MICROREPRODUCTION OF GARDEN STRAWBERRY

1970 ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
М. G. Markova ◽  
Е. N. Somova
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Wax Moth

Work on the clonal micropropagation of strawberries comes down to the search for new growth regulators, which include a biologically active substance - the waste product of the wax moth Galleria mellonella L. The effect of the waste product of the wax moth on the efficiency of clonal micropropagation of strawberries (Fragaria х ananassa duch) in vitro and in vivo conditions in 2018-2020 is shown. The object of research is micro-cuttings, rooted micro-cuttings and adapted micro-plants of garden strawberries of the Korona variety and of the remontant strawberries of the Brighton variety. It was revealed that at the proliferation stage, the propagation coefficient of the Korona variety increased significantly with the introduction of the waste product of the wax moth in doses of 4.0 mg/L and 6.0 mg/L and amounted to 4.2 and 3.8 pcs./explant, respectively; for Brighton variety, the coefficient increased significantly when the dose of the waste product of the wax moth 2.0 mg/L and amounted to 4.6 pcs./explant. The introduction of the waste product of the wax moth in doses of 4.0 mg/L and 6.0 mg/L into the nutrient medium had a significant effect on the yield of Brighton micro-cuttings suitable for rooting: the yield was 95.5 and 94.1%, respectively 87.7% in the control. For the Korona variety, no significant positive effect of the waste product of the wax moth on this indicator was noted. The rooting of micro-cuttings of strawberries of both varieties significantly increased with the introduction of the waste product of the wax moth into the nutrient medium in all studied doses and amounted to 86.4-100% in the Korona variety, and 88.9-100% in the Brighton variety.  The survival rate of adaptable micro-cuttings of Corona variety strawberries when sprayed with an aqueous solution of the waste product of the wax moth at a dose of 4.0 mg/L was 100%; the maximum survival rate of micro-cuttings Brighton variety is 99.8% in the variant with spraying with an aqueous solution of the waste product of the wax moth at a dose of 6.0 mg/L.

scholarly journals Clonal Micropropagation of Cranberry (Oxycoccus palustris Pers.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Sergey Makarov ◽  
Irina Kuznetsova ◽  
Mikhail Upadyshev ◽  
Sergey Rodin ◽  
Anton Chudetsky
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Total Growth

Introduction. The last decade saw a considerable increase in the demand for European cranberry planting material (Oxyccocus palustris Pers.) among consumers of non-timber forest products. Cranberry possesses high nutritional and medicinal value. Cultivars and hybrids of European cranberry prove extremely productive for plantation growth using the method of clonal micropropagation with revitalized planting material. Study objects and methods. The research featured European cranberry plants of the Dar Kostromy cultivar and its hybrid form 1-15-635. The study focused on the effect of various medications and growth regulators on the biometric profile of European cranberry and its adaptation to non-sterile conditions at all stages of in vivo clonal micropropagation. Results and discussion. During the introduction stage, the highest viability belonged to the explants treated with AgNO3 (95–96%) and Lizoformin 3000 (5%) as the main sterilizing solutions at a 10-min exposure and a 5% solution of Ecosterilizer (1:1) at a 20-min exposure (90–95%). During the micropropagation proper, the number, average length, and total growth of shoots increased as the concentration of cytokinin 2ip in the WPM 1/4 nutrient medium rose from 1.0 to 5.0 mg/L. At the stage of in vitro rooting, the maximal number, average length, and total growth of roots in regenerated plants for both cultivars were observed when Kornerost 5.0 mg/L was added to the WPM 1/4 nutrient medium. At the stage of adaptation to in vivo conditions, Micogel 0.2 mg/L contributed to the highest survival rate (94–100%). Conclusion. During clonal micropropagation in vitro, the biometric profile of European cranberry (Oxyccocus palustris Pers.) and its survival rate under non-sterile conditions in vivo proved to depend on various growth-regulating substances and their concentrations.

scholarly journals Chromatographic Analyses, In Vitro Biological Activities, and Cytotoxicity of Cannabis sativa L. Essential Oil: A Multidisciplinary Study

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Luigi Menghini ◽  
Antonella Di Sotto ◽  
Romina Mancinelli ◽  
Francesca Sisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Volatile Component ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds

Due to renewed interest in the cultivation and production of Italian Cannabis sativa L., we proposed a multi-methodological approach to explore chemically and biologically both the essential oil and the aromatic water of this plant. We reported the chemical composition in terms of cannabinoid content, volatile component, phenolic and flavonoid pattern, and color characteristics. Then, we demonstrated the ethnopharmacological relevance of this plant cultivated in Italy as a source of antioxidant compounds toward a large panel of enzymes (pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and cholinesterases) and selected clinically relevant, multidrug-sensible, and multidrug-resistant microbial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Helicobacter pylori, Candida, and Malassezia spp.), evaluating the cytotoxic effects against normal and malignant cell lines. Preliminary in vivo cytotoxicity was also performed on Galleria mellonella larvae. The results corroborate the use of this natural product as a rich source of important biologically active molecules with particular emphasis on the role exerted by naringenin, one of the most important secondary metabolites.

IMMUNE RESPONSES OF SOME INSECTS TO SOME BACTERIAL ANTIGENS

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
June M. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Bacterial Antigen ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Wax Moth

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula antigen remained in the blood of larvae of the wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.), during the resistant period of the insect. Bacterial antigen present in the immune blood produces agglutinating titers in rabbits about 10 times as great as those produced by an approximately equal volume of standard P. aeruginosa vaccine. Attempts to demonstrate the mechanism that enhances the antigen showed that the active portion was contained in the serum, that the action occurred within several hours in vivo and only reached the same level after 3 days in vitro mixture, and that the action was probably not caused by lysis of the bacterial cells and the consequent liberation of more antigen in the blood. Electrophoretic studies on the blood mixture indicated that the altered or enhanced antigen may be bound to a blood fraction, the exact nature of which was not determined. The larvae were actively or passively immunized against lethal doses of P. aeruginosa within 20 to 24 hours. Concentration of vaccine had little effect upon the degree of immunity conferred upon the larvae. The immunity lasted about three days and was more specific than nonspecific. The larvae were not actively protected against P. aeruginosa by introduction of albuminous foreign material into the body cavity. True antibodies were not detectable in the immune blood though the bactericidal action of immune blood was at least twice as great as that of normal blood. Preliminary investigations on immune responses of other lepidopterous insects to P. aeruginosa antigen and of the wax moth to antigens of some other Gram-negative bacteria indicated similar results.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF CLONAL MICROPROPAGATION OF BERRY CROPS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Marina Markova ◽  
Elena Somova
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Led Lighting ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
Reproduction Factor ◽  
Led Irradiation ◽  
Wax Moth

The aim of the study is to optimize the conditions for in vitro cultivation of blue honeysuckle, raspberry and strawberry. The work was carried out in 2012-2020. The Murasige-Skuga medium (1/2 MS) was the control for all cultures for the initiation of explants. Additionally, we used a modified nutrient medium 1/2 MS with a reduced NH4 content by 15 % compared to the base MS; and Woodi Plant Medium (1/2 WPM) for honeysuckle; for raspberries - Quoirin-Lepoivre (1/2 QL) and 1/2 Anderson; for strawberries - 1/2 MS. For micropropagation and rooting, the following media were used: honeysuckle - modified MS and WPM; raspberries - QL and Anderson; strawberries - MS modified by Siliplant and Boksyu; control for all - MS. The following growth regulators were added to the optimal each culture a nutrient medium: 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP), gibberellic acid (GA), waste products of the large wax moth larvae, indolyl-3-butyric acid (IBA), Siliplant, EcoFus, HB-101. The effect of LED-phytoirradiators with a combination of red, blue and white light in the spectrum 2: 1: 1, 1: 1: 1, 2: 1, respectively, and LED-irradiators with a changing spectrum and flashing were studied at the stages of micropropagation and rooting in all cultures. The survival rate of honeysuckle explants on 1/2 WPM medium was 62.2 % (control 27.9 %). The highest reproduction factor of 5.1 (control 2.6) was achieved when using LED 2 red : 1 blue : 1 white on MS modified + 6-BAP 1.0 mg/L + kinetin 0.5 mg/L, and high rooting rate of honeysuckle 89.0 % (76.0 % k) was achieved on MS modified + IBA 0.5 mg/L. Cultivation of red raspberries on QL + 6-BAP 1.0 mg/L + GA 0.5 mg/L and LED irradiation 2 red : 1 blue : 1 white provided a reproduction factor of 5.3 (control 2.7), addition of IBA 0.5 mg/L + HB-101 100 μL/L in QL and LED irradiation 1 red : 1 blue : 1 white contributed to 100 % rooting. The addition of 6-BAP 1.0 mg/L + IBA 0.2 mg/L + GA 0.5 mg/L in QL and LED lighting 1 red : 1 blue : 1 white increased the reproduction factor of remontant raspberries by 1.6 times (from 2, 6 to 4.1), and the use of QL + IBA 0.5 mg/L + HB-101 50 μL/L and LED 2 red : 1 blue : 1 white increased its rooting ability to 96 % (control 67 %). LED irradiation with a changing spectrum during cultivation of garden strawberries on MS + Siliplant + EcoFus at 0.5 ml/L provided a reproduction factor of 5.9 (control 3.8), and the reproduction factor of remontant strawberries on MS + HB-101 100 μl/L was 7.4 (control 5.6). The addition of IBA 0.5 mg/L + HB-101 100 μL/L to the MS promoted the rooting of garden strawberries of 100 % when using a LED irradiator with a changing spectrum, and remontant strawberries – with a blinking LED irradiator

USE OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES IN BLACK CURRANT REPRODUCTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Т. М. Khromova ◽  
L. V. Tashmatova ◽  
О. V. Matsneva ◽  
V. V. Shakhov
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Selection Of

Currently, methods for the culture of isolated tissues and organs have been widely used to solve theoretical and applied problems of biotechnology. The article discusses the theoretical aspects of the use of biotechnological techniques in the reproduction of black currants (Ribes nigrum L.). The need for the use of biotechnological methods in the rapid reproduction of various forms and varieties of black currants due to the difficulty of reproduction of a number of genotypes by traditional methods, especially forms obtained using interspecific hybridization. Among the emerging issues are the following: find donors of valuable traits with the aim of increasing ecological plasticity of cultivated plants; a study of the influence of qualitative and quantitative composition of nutrient media for the cultivated plants, optimization of the timing of the introduction of plants and selection of optimal modifications of culture media with the varietal characteristics at different stages of cultivation; the study of the influence of hormonal and other biologically active substances on development of plants in conditions of culture in vitro. In the article literary sources, which describe those additional issues relating to process optimization clonal micropropagation of black currant. All stages of cultivation of the given culture in conditions in vitro from initiation to adaptation in non-sterile conditions are considered. The factors that determine the success of reproduction are described: terms of introduction into the culture and types of explants, selection of sterilizing agent, optimization of the nutrient medium depending on the passage, the influence of different components of the medium on regenerative plants. The methods of microclonal reproduction, developed by scientists of leading research organizations, data on ways to combat phenolic oxidation of the nutrient medium.

Antisense inhibition of lpxB gene expression in Acinetobacter baumannii by peptide–PNA conjugates and synergy with colistin

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Martínez-Guitián ◽  
Juan Carlos Vázquez-Ucha ◽  
Laura Álvarez-Fraga ◽  
Kelly Conde-Pérez ◽  
Germán Bou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Time Kill

Abstract Background LpxB is an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis pathway of lipid A, a component of LPS. Objectives To evaluate the lpxB gene in Acinetobacter baumannii as a potential therapeutic target and to propose antisense agents such as peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) as a tool to combat bacterial infection, either alone or in combination with known antimicrobial therapies. Methods RNA-seq analysis of the A. baumannii ATCC 17978 strain in a murine pneumonia model was performed to study the in vivo expression of lpxB. Protein expression was studied in the presence or absence of anti-lpxB (KFF)3K-PNA (pPNA). Time–kill curve analyses and protection assays of infected A549 cells were performed. The chequerboard technique was used to test for synergy between pPNA and colistin. A Galleria mellonella infection model was used to test the in vivo efficacy of pPNA. Results The lpxB gene was overexpressed during pneumonia. Treatment with a specific pPNA inhibited LpxB expression in vitro, decreased survival of the ATCC 17978 strain and increased the survival rate of infected A549 cells. Synergy was observed between pPNA and colistin in colistin-susceptible strains. In vivo assays confirmed that a combination treatment of anti-lpxB pPNA and colistin was more effective than colistin in monotherapy. Conclusions The lpxB gene is essential for A. baumannii survival. Anti-lpxB pPNA inhibits LpxB expression, causing bacterial death. This pPNA showed synergy with colistin and increased the survival rate in G. mellonella. The data suggest that antisense pPNA molecules blocking the lpxB gene could be used as antibacterial agents.

Metabolomics of Healthy Berry Fruits

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (37) ◽  
pp. 4888-4902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilda D'Urso ◽  
Sonia Piacente ◽  
Cosimo Pizza ◽  
Paola Montoro
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Berry Fruits

The consumption of berry-type fruits has become very popular in recent years because of their positive effects on human health. Berries are in fact widely known for their health-promoting benefits, including prevention of chronic disease, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Berries are a rich source of bioactive metabolites, such as vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds, mainly anthocyanins. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies recognized the health effects of berries and their function as bioactive modulators of various cell functions associated with oxidative stress. Plants have one of the largest metabolome databases, with over 1200 papers on plant metabolomics published only in the last decade. Mass spectrometry (MS) and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) are the most important analytical technologies on which the emerging ''omics'' approaches are based. They may provide detection and quantization of thousands of biologically active metabolites from a tissue, working in a ''global'' or ''targeted'' manner, down to ultra-trace levels. In the present review, we highlighted the use of MS and NMR-based strategies and Multivariate Data Analysis for the valorization of berries known for their biological activities, important as food and often used in the preparation of nutraceutical formulations.

Phytochemical, Analytical and Medicinal Studies of Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch - A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Simranjeet Singh ◽  
Ragini Bhadouria ◽  
Ravindra Singh ◽  
Om Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch (HI) has been used to treat various ailments including obesity, osteoarthritis, arthritis, inflammation, anemia, diabetes etc. To review the major phytochemicals and medicinal properties of HI, exhaustive bibliographic research was designed by means of various scientific search engines and databases. Only 12 phytochemicals have been reported including biologically active compounds like betulin, betulinic acid, epifriedlin, octacosanol, Friedlin, Holoptelin-A and Holoptelin-B. Analytical methods including the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography With Mass Spectral (LC-MS) analysis have been used to analyze the HI. From medicinal potency point of view, these phytochemicals have a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor. In the current review, it has been noticed that the mechanism of action of HI with biomolecules has not been fully explored. Pharmacology and toxicological studies are very few. This seems a huge literature gap to be fulfilled through the detailed in-vivo and in-vitro studies.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria to Control Vibriosis Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mulyati Mulyati ◽  
Suryati Suryati ◽  
Irfani Baga
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Inhibitory Ability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Portunid Crab

The study aims to isolate, characterize, and examine probiotic bacteria's inhibitory ability against Vibrio harveyi bacteria, both in-vitro and in vivo. Methods used in the study consist of 1) An Isolation of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria, 2) An Antagonistic Test of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria in vitro, 3) An Identification of Bacteria, 4) A Pathogenicity Test of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria, 5) An Antagonistic Test of Candidate Probiotic Bacteria against V. harveyi in vivo. According to the isolation of candidate probiotic bacteria, there are 18 isolated candidate probiotic. After being tested for its inhibitory ability in vitro, there are 8 isolates with zone of inhibition as follows: isolate MM 7 from intestine (22 mm), isolate MM 6 from intestine (12 mm), isolate MM 10 from sea water (10 mm), isolate MM 5 from intestine (9 mm), isolate MM 4 from intestine (8 mm), isolate MM 3 from intestine (7 mm), isolate MM 2.2 from intestine (7 mm), isolate MM 2.1 from intestine (7 mm). Eight genera of the candidate probiotic bacteria is derived from Portunid crab, they are Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, bacillus, vibrio, Alcaligenes, Lactobacillus, micrococcus. Before proceeding the V. harveyi bacterial challenge test in vivo, three potential isolates consisting of MM6, MM7 and MM10 as the probiotic bacteria are pathogenicity-tested against V. harveyi. The survival rate of Portunid crab on pathogenicity test using MM6, MM7 and MM10 generates 91.11-100%, while the control generates 100% survival rate. Variance analysis result through post-hoc Tukey's Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test at 95% confidence interval indicates that isolate MM7 and MM10 are significantly able to increase hatchling Portunid crab's survival rate.

scholarly journals A Peptide Found in Human Serum, Derived from the C-Terminus of Albumin, Shows Antifungal Activity In Vitro and In Vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1627
Author(s):  
Tecla Ciociola ◽  
Pier Paolo Zanello ◽  
Tiziana D’Adda ◽  
Serena Galati ◽  
Stefania Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Different Sources

The growing problem of antimicrobial resistance highlights the need for alternative strategies to combat infections. From this perspective, there is a considerable interest in natural molecules obtained from different sources, which are shown to be active against microorganisms, either alone or in association with conventional drugs. In this paper, peptides with the same sequence of fragments, found in human serum, derived from physiological proteins, were evaluated for their antifungal activity. A 13-residue peptide, representing the 597–609 fragment within the albumin C-terminus, was proved to exert a fungicidal activity in vitro against pathogenic yeasts and a therapeutic effect in vivo in the experimental model of candidal infection in Galleria mellonella. Studies by confocal microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the peptide penetrates and accumulates in Candida albicans cells, causing gross morphological alterations in cellular structure. These findings add albumin to the group of proteins, which already includes hemoglobin and antibodies, that could give rise to cryptic antimicrobial fragments, and could suggest their role in anti-infective homeostasis. The study of bioactive fragments from serum proteins could open interesting perspectives for the development of new antimicrobial molecules derived by natural sources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document