scholarly journals Some mechanical properties of aggregates of top soils from the IJsselmeer polders. 1. Undisturbed soil aggregates.

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
A.R. Dexter ◽  
B. Kroesbergen ◽  
H. Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Undisturbed Soil

Aggregates were collected from the arable layer at eight sites in the IJsselmeer polders. The compositions of the soils were determined, and measurements were made of porosities, tensile strengths and water stabilities of undisturbed aggregates. Porosity was negatively correlated with the age of the soils since reclamation. Tensile strength of dry aggregates and water stability were both positively correlated with the clay content. The soils had extremely high values of friability. Tensile strength was negatively correlated with porosity. Porosity had no clear influence on water stability. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Processing of Clay/Epoxy Nanocomposites with A Three-Roll Mill Machine

2002 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Yasmin ◽  
Jandro L. Abot ◽  
Isaac M. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Epoxy Nanocomposites ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Mixing Techniques ◽  
Xrd And Tem

ABSTRACTIn the present study, a three-roll mill machine was used to disperse/exfoliate the nanoclay particles in an epoxy matrix. The compounding process was carried out with varying mixing time and concentrations of clay particles (1 to 10 wt.%). It was found that the longer the mixing time, the higher the degree of intercalation. Mechanical properties, XRD and TEM were used to characterize the nanocomposites. Elastic modulus was found to increase with increasing clay content, however, the tensile strength was not found to vary accordingly. Compared to conventional direct and solution mixing techniques, the compounding of clay/epoxy nanocomposites by a three-roll mill was found to be highly efficient in achieving higher levels of intercalation/exfoliation in a short period of time and also environmentally friendly.

Freezing cycle effects on water stability of soil aggregates

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl F. Dagesse
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Structural Stability ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Freezing Cycle

Dagesse, D. F. 2013. Freezing cycle effects on water stability of soil aggregates. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 473–483. The freezing process is commonly implicated as a key factor in defining the state of soil structural stability following the winter months. Controversy exists, however, regarding the efficacy, and even the net effect, of this process. The objective of the study was to establish the separate effects of the freezing, freeze–thaw and freeze-drying processes in defining soil structural stability following the over-winter period. Aggregates from soils of varying clay content (0.11, 0.33, 0.44 kg kg−1) and initial water content (0.10, 0.20 or 0.30 kg kg−1) were subjected to freeze-only (F), freeze–thaw (FT) and freeze-dry (FD) treatments. Post-treatment aggregate stability determination was via wet aggregate stability (WAS) and dispersible clay (DC). Freezing alone and freeze-dry treatments generally resulted in greater aggregate stability, while the freeze–thaw generally resulted in lower aggregate stability as compared with a control, not frozen treatment (T). These data suggest the freezing-induced desiccation process improves aggregate stability, while the addition of a thaw component following freezing, with the attendant liquid water, is responsible for degradation of aggregate stability. Clay content and initial water content are important factors governing the magnitude of this process.

Structure and Mechanical Properties of Carboxylated Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (XSBR)/Pristine Clay Nanocomposites

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Abdollahi ◽  
Ali Rahmatpour ◽  
Homayon Hossein Khanli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Carboxylated Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

AbstractCarboxylated styrene- butadiene rubber (XSBR)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by mixing the XSBR latex with aqueous clay dispersion and cocoagulating the mixture. TEM and XRD were applied to characterize the structure of nanocomposites. Fully exfoliated structure was observed for the nanocomposites containing equal to or less than 10 phr (weight parts per hundred) clay. With increasing the clay content to 20 phr, both non-exfoliated (stacked layers) and exfoliated structures can be observed simultaneously in the nanocomposites. The results of mechanical tests on the vulcanized clay-free XSBR and XSBR/clay nanocomposites showed that the nanocomposites present better mechanical properties than clay-free XSBR vulcanizate. Furthermore, modulus, tensile strength, tensile strain at break and hardness (shore A) increased with increasing the clay content, indicating the nanoreinforcement effect of clay on the mechanical properties of XSBR/ clay nanocomposites.

Thermal stability, mechanical and adsorption resistant properties of HDPE/PEG/Clay nanocomposites on exposure to electron beam

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mohaddespour ◽  
Seyed Javad Ahmadi ◽  
Hossein Abolghasemi ◽  
Shahryar Jafarinejad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Poly Ethylene

AbstractThe Influence of electron beam on behaviors of high density polyethylene/poly(ethylene glycol)/organoclay nanocomposites has been studied. Nanocomposite compounds were prepared by melt intercalation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transition electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the combination of nanocomposite morphology. Thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposites were studied by using Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Young's modulus, tensile strength and hardness tests. The results show that at 500 KGy dose of irradiation the Young’s modulus and tensile strength values have been enhanced in comparison with pure blend by cross-linking and the surface hardness of samples raises by increasing the clay content The samples with the clay content of 5 wt% in the matrix with 500KGy dose of irradiation have shown satisfactory thermal resistance.The irradiation at high levels has degraded the nanocomposites and an optimum dose must be employed to enhance their properties. The presence of poly(ethylene glycol) as a compatibilizer has improved the dispersion of clay layers into the matrix and has enhanced the mechanical properties and thermal resistance of nanocomposites. The presence of the clay in the matrix has increased the adsorption amount of xylene and toluene into the bulk of nanocomposites and the irradiation has decreased this capacity by the dose level.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature and Asphalt Binder Type on the Properties of Foamed Asphalt Mix

2018 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Martin Bitolog ◽  
Mouhamed Bayane Bouraima ◽  
Xiao-hua Zhang ◽  
Christian Magloire Ndjegwes ◽  
Yanjun Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Indirect Tensile Strength ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Foaming Properties ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Splitting Test ◽  
Indirect Tensile

In this study, an effect of temperature on both indirect tensile strength (ITS) test and Marshall Stability Test of foam asphalt mixture using Shell #70 A asphalt is firstly investigated. A detailed investigation of the mechanical properties of foam asphalt mixture was then carried out using two different asphalt binders. The experimental work compares the mechanical properties of foam asphalt mixes including water stability test, indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, and freeze-thaw splitting test. The test results indicate that the foam asphalt mixture is temperature dependent and also temperature sensitive material. The foaming properties of asphalt have an important effect on the properties of the foam asphalt mixture for the strength and water stability of the foam asphalt mixture.

Effects of Surfactant Content and Clay Content on Properties of NR Nanocomposites

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalermpan Keawkumay ◽  
Kasama Jarukumjorn ◽  
Nitinat Suppakarn
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cure Characteristics ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Cure Time

Montmorillonite (MMT) was modified by octadecylamine (ODA) surfactant. The surfactant contents were varied, i.e. 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 times the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the MMT. XRD and FTIR spectra of the organoclay revealed that ODA molecules intercalated into MMT layers. The MMT-ODA was melt-mixed with natural rubber (NR) using a two roll mill. Effects of surfactant content and organoclay content on cure characteristics, mechanical properties, and morphologies of NR nanocomposites were investigated. Morphologies of the NR nanocomposites, with increasing surfactant content, revealed the exfoliated structure and the good dispersion of the organoclay in the NR matrix. These caused the enhancement of mechanical properties of the NR nanocomposites. With increasing the MMT-ODA2 content up to 5 phr, scorch time and cure time of the NR nanocomposites decreased while their tensile strength increased.

scholarly journals Some mechanical properties of aggregates of top soils from the IJsselmeer polders. 2. Remoulded soil aggregates and the effects of wetting and drying cycles.

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Dexter ◽  
B. Kroesbergen ◽  
H. Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Wetting And Drying Cycles ◽  
Remoulded Soil ◽  
Soil Clay ◽  
Soil Clay Content

The mechanical properties of remoulded samples of eight soils from the IJsselmeer polders were investigated. The Atterberg (Plastic and Liquid) Limits were positively correlated with the soil clay content, but were not significantly correlated with the organic matter content. Artificial aggregates of the remoulded soil age-hardened when moist. The tensile strength of artificial aggregates was positively correlated with the soil clay content and negatively correlated with the porosity. Friability of the dried, remoulded soil was much lower than that of natural, undisturbed soil. Factors affecting the rates of wetting and drying of aggregates in the laboratory were examined in detail. Wetting resulted in mellowing (or softening) of artificial aggregates. Mellowing was investigated as a function of the potential of the source of water causing the wetting. Multiple wetting and drying cycles may result in increased mellowing or in no mellowing depending on the water potential. New terminology is introduced to facilitate discussion of these phenomena. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Phase Transformations in Ti-7w/oMo-3w/oMe Alloy

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 514-515
Author(s):  
S. Fujishiro
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Water Quench ◽  
Alpha Beta

The mechanical properties of three titanium alloys (Ti-7Mo-3Al, Ti-7Mo- 3Cu and Ti-7Mo-3Ta) were evaluated as function of: 1) Solutionizing in the beta field and aging, 2) Thermal Mechanical Processing in the beta field and aging, 3) Solutionizing in the alpha + beta field and aging. The samples were isothermally aged in the temperature range 300° to 700*C for 4 to 24 hours, followed by a water quench. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray method were used to identify the phase formed. All three alloys solutionized at 1050°C (beta field) transformed to martensitic alpha (alpha prime) upon being water quenched. Despite this heavily strained alpha prime, which is characterized by microtwins the tensile strength of the as-quenched alloys is relatively low and the elongation is as high as 30%.

Effect of silver nitrate on some mechanical properties of heat polymerizing acrylic resins

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Assiss. Prof. Dr. Sabiha Mahdi Mahdi ◽  
Dr. Firas Abd K. Abd K.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
The Difference

Aim: The aimed study was to evaluate the influence of silver nitrate on surfacehardness and tensile strength of acrylic resins.Materials and methods: A total of 60 specimens were made from heat polymerizingresins. Two mechanical tests were utilized (surface hardness and tensile strength)and 4 experimental groups according to the concentration of silver nitrate used.The specimens without the use of silver nitrate were considered as control. Fortensile strength, all specimens were subjected to force till fracture. For surfacehardness, the specimens were tested via a durometer hardness tester. Allspecimens data were analyzed via ANOVA and Tukey tests.Results: The addition of silver nitrate to acrylic resins reduced significantly thetensile strength. Statistically, highly significant differences were found among allgroups (P≤0.001). Also, the difference between control and experimental groupswas highly significant (P≤0.001). For surface hardness, the silver nitrate improvedthe surface hardness of acrylics. Highly significant differences were statisticallyobserved between control and 900 ppm group (P≤0.001); and among all groups(P≤0.001)with exception that no significant differences between control and150ppm; and between 150ppm and 900ppm groups(P>0.05).Conclusion: The addition of silver nitrate to acrylics reduced significantly the tensilestrength and improved slightly the surface hardness.

Effect of combined drink cans and steel fibers on the impact resistance and mechanical properties of concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 6734-6742
Author(s):  
A. Syamsir ◽  
S. M. Mubin ◽  
N. M. Nor ◽  
V. Anggraini ◽  
S. Nagappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
The Impact

This study investigated the combine effect of 0.2 % drink cans and steel fibers with volume fractions of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3% to the mechanical properties and impact resistance of concrete. Hooked-end steel fiber with 30 mm and 0.75 mm length and diameter, respectively was selected for this study.  The drinks cans fiber were twisted manually in order to increase friction between fiber and concrete. The results of the experiment showed that the combination of steel fibers and drink cans fibers improved the strength performance of concrete, especially the compressive strength, flexural strength and indirect tensile strength. The results of the experiment showed that the combination of steel fibers and drink cans fibers improved the compressive strength, flexural strength and indirect tensile strength by 2.3, 7, and 2 times as compare to batch 1, respectively. Moreover, the impact resistance of fiber reinforced concrete has increase by 7 times as compared to non-fiber concretes. Moreover, the impact resistance of fiber reinforced concrete consistently gave better results as compared to non-fiber concretes. The fiber reinforced concrete turned more ductile as the dosage of fibers was increased and ductility started to decrease slightly after optimum fiber dosage was reached. It was found that concrete with combination of 2% steel and 0.2% drink cans fibers showed the highest compressive, split tensile, flexural as well as impact strength.    

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