scholarly journals Analisis CBR Tanah Clayshale Akibat Distabilisasi Semen

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Edi Hartono ◽  
Gilang Permana Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Soft Rock ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Clay Shale ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Soil Weight ◽  
Mix Methods

Clay shale merupakan batuan lunak yang memiliki potensi masalah pada kekuatan dan durabilitas bila tersingkap. Perbaikan tanah diperlukan bila digunakan sebagai lapis dasar jalan.  Salah satu metodenya adalah stabilisasi menggunakan semen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan nilai CBR dan pengembangan clay shale sebelum dan sesudah penambahan semen. Semen yang ditambahkan sebesar 10% dari berat total tanah kering. Semen dicampur dengan metode dry mix dan spray mix. Pengujian CBR menggunakan 3 variasi pemadatan yaitu 10, 25, 56 kali pukulan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa penambahan semen 10% pada 56 pukulan akan meningkatkan nilai CBR 38,40% dan menurunkan pengembangan 0,60%. Nilai CBR dengan metode dry mix lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan metode spray mix.Clay shale is a soft rock that has potential problems in strength and durability when exposed. Soil Improvement Required when used as the subgrade. One of the repair methods is stabilization using cement. This study aims to determine the value of CBR and clay shale swelling after the addition of cement. Cement added by 10% of dry soil weight. The cement is mixed by dry mix and spray mix methods. CBR testing uses three variations of compaction 10, 25, 56 blows. The results showed that adding 10% cement and 56 blows increased the CBR value by 38.40% and decreased the swelling by 0.60%. The CBR value with the dry mix method is higher than the spray mix method.

scholarly journals PERSISTENCE OF ATRAZINE, METRIBUZIN AND SIMAZINE HERBICIDES IN TWO SOILS

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2037-2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
FEDERICO FUSCALDO ◽  
FRANCISCO BEDMAR ◽  
GLORIA MONTERUBBIANESI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Soil Weight

An oat bioassay was conducted in pots under greenhouse conditions to determine the persistence of atrazine, metribuzin and simazine herbicides in soils of the southeast of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Atrazine rates of 0, 0.58, 1.16 and 2.32 mug g-1 of active ingredient (a.i.), metribuzin rates of 0, 0.14, 0.28 and 0.56 mug g-1 of a.i., and simazine rates of 0, 0.72, 1.45 and 2.9 mug g-1 of a.i. dry soil weight were applied to pots containing soils from Balcarce and San Cayetano sites. Organic matter (OM) content and pH of Balcarce soil were 5.5% and 5.8%, while for San Cayetano soil were 2.9% and 6.7%, respectively. Relative dry weight (RDW) of oat shoots was calculated as percentage of control. Considering a 20% RDW reduction of oat shoots, persistences of recommended rates for the region were: atrazine (1.16 mug g-1 of a.i.), 78 and 130 days after treatment (DAT) for Balcarce and San Cayetano soil, respectively; metribuzin (0.28 mug-1 of a.i.), 63 and 77 DAT for Balcarce and San Cayetano soil, respectively; simazine (1.45 mug g-1 of a.i.), 81 and 156 DAT for Balcarce and San Cayetano soil, respectively. Results show that persistence of atrazine, metribuzin and simazine in soil increased with high rates, low OM content and high pH.

scholarly journals Effect of metal nanoparticles on physiological and biochemical parameters of soft Wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
I. A. Gavrish ◽  
S. V. Lebedev ◽  
A. M. Korotkova ◽  
O. V. Kvan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Triticum Vulgare ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Control Samples ◽  
Soil Weight

The study was aimed at studying the complex responses of Wheat plants (Triticum vulgare Vill) in the application of nanoparticles Fe, Mo and SiO2, as well as together Fe and Mo at doses of 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg of dry soil weight. Thus, the morphometric parameters of the prototypes were generally superior to the control samples. In assessing the viability of plant cells, we found that in all experimental samples the viability values were not less than 90% for wheat plants, which allows us to assert that the concentrations of nanoparticles used by us did not have a toxic effect on the viability of the roots. When assessing the enzymatic antioxidant system of plants and the degree of lipid peroxidation, we recorded the absence of oxidative stress, while increasing the protective potential of plants. Thus, our research is the basis for studying the possibility of using nanoparticles in agriculture to intensify plant growth and increase their productivity.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF LATERITE SOIL WITH PORTLAND CEMENT MIXED VARIATIONS AND THE EFFECT ON THE CBR UNSOAKED

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ravi ◽  
Hurul 'Ain ◽  
Betti Ses Eka Polonia ◽  
M. Hanif Faisal
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
Construction Loads ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Test Result

Ketapang and Kayong Utara Regency have road construction that often suffers damage before the planned life age caused by the behavior of expansive clay. The subgrade is a fundamental structure in building road construction because the subgrade will support traffic loads or construction loads. The strength and durability of the pavement structure road will depend on the properties and bearing capacity of the subgrade. Practically soil stabilization is a reinforcement engineering against foundation or subgrade by using mixed materials. Therefore, different soil improvement variations are needed. Based on the test result, the CBR value of Sukadana initially gets a 2.95% point. The CBR value for the 6% and 10 % mixture, respectively, gets 17.14% and 25.02%. The CBR value of Sungai Melayu Rayak originally get 4.65% point. Then, for the 6% and 10% mixture, the CBR values increased by 13.78% and 18%. The value of the bearing capacity of the highway soil construction can be know from the results of CBR testing on each variation. The CBR also can measure the strength of the soil. The addition of cement to the earth tends to increase the bearing capacity of the ground. It is because cement can function as a binder between soil particles with chemical compounds contained in cement.

scholarly journals The Effect of Clay Shale Drying on the Reduction of Compressive Strength and Durability in Bawen Sub-District, Semarang Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1359-1369
Author(s):  
Bambang Pardoyo ◽  
Wikan Sadono Kresno ◽  
Dhimas Andra Fahreza ◽  
Tubagus Awan Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Clay Shale ◽  
Strength And Durability

scholarly journals Research on Static Triaxial Mechanical Properties of New CementSoil Reinforced with Polypropylene Fiber

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
Qun Cheng ◽  
Xiankun Wang ◽  
Fang-ling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Gypsum Content ◽  
Amplitude Increase ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Soil Weight

Through the laboratory test, the mechanical properties of cementsoil with adding desulfurization gypsum, fly ash, and polypropylene fiber were studied. Three different percentages (0%, 0.5%, and 1.0%) of polypropylene fiber were mixed into new cementsoil for which the cement content is 15% of the dry soil weight, the desulfurization gypsum content is 2% of the dry soil weight, and the fly ash content is 1.0% of the dry soil weight. The new cementsoil strength reinforced with polypropylene fiber was studied by triaxial test under different polypropylene fiber mixing ratio, different age, and different confining pressure. The experimental results show that, compared with ordinary soil, the deviatoric stress and the peak shear strength reinforced with polypropylene fiber have different amplitude increase. At the same time, the internal friction angle of new cementsoil with polypropylene fiber increases slightly with the growth of the age. The stress-strain curve of the polypropylene fiber cementsoil has the typical work hardening characteristic and has the characteristics of bulge fracture.

scholarly journals Persistence of the biocide activity of atrazine in soils of the southeast of Buenos Aires Province

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Delmonte ◽  
F. Bedmar ◽  
J.D. Mantecón ◽  
H. Echeverría ◽  
C.A. Barassi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Soil Weight

Atrazine persistence in soils of the southeast of Buenos Aires Province, was studied by an oat bioassay. Atrazine doses of 0.58, 1.16, and 2.32 mg.g-1 dry soil weight (DSW) were applied to pots containing soils from Balcaree, A. Gonzáles Chaves and San Cayetano sites, whose organic matter (OM) content of soils were 5.70, 5.15, and 3,84%, respectively. Avena sativa cv. Millauquén plants were grownth in the pots under greenhouse conditions at different times after atrazine application. Shoots were evenly cut above the soil and dry weight determined as a measure of plant growth. Plants grown in non-sprayed soil were used as controls. Relative dry weight (RDW) of shoots was calculated as percentage of control. Atrazine phytotoxicity was expressed in terms of 50 % plant growth reduction (GR50) in the soils under study. Herbicide persistence was expressed in terms of days after treatment (DAT) needed for the plant to achieve 80% of RDW. Atrazine GR50 values of 0.30, 0.64, and 0.90 mg.g-1 DSW in soils from San Cayetano, Balcare and A.G. Chaves, were respectively obtained at 42 DAT. Herbicide persistences at the recommended dose (1.16 mg.g-1) were 100, 143, and 221 DAT for A.G. Chaves, Balcarce and San Cayetano soils, respectively. San Cayetano soil had both the lowest OM content and cation exchange capacity (CEC), as well as the highest pH, of all the soil studied here. These results were consistent with both the lowest GR50 and the highest persistence abtained for atrazine in this soil.

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Residues-Treated Urea on Growth and N-Uptake of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Israa A.Y. Al-Malaky ◽  
Mohammed A. Abdulkareem
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Corn Root ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Soil Weight

A pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of the  urea fertilizer treated with  corn or conocarpus residues on growth and N uptake  of wheat plant. Three kilograms of dry soil (Silt clay loam) were placed in a plastic pots and four levels of nitrogen (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha -1) were added as urea. Urea was treated with  one of the following  methods : mix with the conocarpus leaves powder  at rate of 4% of dry soil weight, mix with the conocarpus roots powder  at rate of 4%  of dry soil weight dissolved in, aqueous extract of the corn root  at rate of  1/4 of the field capacity  ,or coated with dried aqueos extract of corn root at ratio of 10% of urea weight. Treatment included urea treated with the standard chemical inhibitor (PMA) was used. shoot dry  weight, N conc., N-uptake and N recovery were obtained. The results showed that treatment of urea fertilizer with water extract or coated  with corn root extract resulted in improved growth parameters as compared with a PMA and control treatments .However ,treating urea with leaves or root powders decreased plant growth parameters .Urea  coated with 10 % dried extract of corn roots gave the highest dry matter of 3.06 g pot-1 and nitrogen uptake of 69.90 mg pot-1 resulting  in saving of 60 kg N ha-1 to give the same results for control and PMA treatments.

Microbulldozing and Microchiseling

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
J.N. Ramsey ◽  
D.P. Cameron ◽  
F.W. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Foreign Matter ◽  
Specific Location ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Knoop Indenter ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Microhardness Tester

As computer components become smaller the analytical methods used to examine them and the material handling techniques must become more sensitive, and more sophisticated. We have used microbulldozing and microchiseling in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy, replica electron microscopy, and microprobe analysis for studying actual and potential problems with developmental and pilot line devices. Foreign matter, corrosion, etc, in specific locations are mechanically loosened from their substrates and removed by “extraction replication,” and examined in the appropriate instrument. The mechanical loosening is done in a controlled manner by using a microhardness tester—we use the attachment designed for our Reichert metallograph. The working tool is a pyramid shaped diamond (a Knoop indenter) which can be pushed into the specimen with a controlled pressure and in a specific location.

Microstructure of an extruded rapidly solidified Al-8Fe-2Mo alloy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
W. T. Donlon ◽  
J. E. Allison ◽  
S. Shinozaki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Rapidly Solidified ◽  
Whitney Aircraft

Light weight materials which possess high strength and durability are being utilized by the automotive industry to increase fuel economy. Rapidly solidified (RS) Al alloys are currently being extensively studied for this purpose. In this investigation the microstructure of an extruded Al-8Fe-2Mo alloy, produced by Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, Goverment Products Div. was examined in a JE0L 2000FX AEM. Both electropolished thin sections, and extraction replicas were examined to characterize this material. The consolidation procedure for producing this material included a 9:1 extrusion at 340°C followed by a 16:1 extrusion at 400°C, utilizing RS powders which have also been characterized utilizing electron microscopy.

Use of backscattered electron image intensity signals to calculate the water/cement ratio of concrete

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-357
Author(s):  
R. J. Lee ◽  
A. J. Schwoeble ◽  
Yuan Jie
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Production Period ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Automated Procedures ◽  
Standard Density

Water/Cement (W/C) ratio is a very important parameter affecting the strength and durability of concrete. At the present time, there are no ASTM methods for determining W/C ratio of concrete structures after the production period. Existing techniques involving thin section standard density comparative associations using light optical microscopy and rely on visual comparisons using standards and require highly trained personnel to produce reliable data. This has led to the exploration of other methods utilizing automated procedures which can offer a precise and rapid measurement of W/C ratio. This paper discusses methods of determining W/C ratio using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) backscattered electron image (BEI) intensity signal and x-ray computer tomography.

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