scholarly journals Assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraception: a cross- sectional study among patients in a semi-urban tertiary hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Mukta Agarwal ◽  
Sutapan Samanta ◽  
Divendu Bhusan ◽  
Monika Anant
Keyword(s):  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Study Population

Background: Unregulated fertility not only disrupts the health of women and child but also disrupts the economy of society and nation. To gain the knowledge about awareness and contraceptive practices in women living in semi-urban area, a cross-sectional study was conducted over one year to evaluate the awareness, acceptance and prevalence of contraceptive methods and various factors affecting the contraceptive usage.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in outpatient department of obstetrics and gynaecology, in a tertiary medical college hospital. The study constituted 300 subjects. It was an interview based study. Data were collected on age, parity, literacy level, residence, knowledge about various contraception, women practicing contraception and reasons for non-use of contraceptives.Results: A total of 300 women in the age group between 18-45 years were studied. It was observed that most of the women belong to the age group of 25 to 34 years (45.33%). 70% belong to rural population. only 20% were para 2 or less.35.33% of the study population were illiterate and 21.67% had education above secondary level. 290 (96.67%) women were aware of one or multiple methods of contraception however, 126 (42%) women accepted the contraceptive practices. Of 300 women, 94 (31.33%) followed permanent methods of contraception. 66% of the study population had experienced unwanted pregnancy and among them 44% pregnancies were aborted. Number of women practicing contraception was very low, i.e. 42% and the main reason of nonpractice of contraception was family pressure mainly in laws, husband gender bias, physical abuse, etc.Conclusions: It was noted that though knowledge of at least one method of contraception was wide among the women but still actual practice was very low. More programs are required to combat the influence of various factors on contraception usage, and emphasizing on the positive effects of the use of contraception.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on knowledge, attitude, practice regarding emergency contraception

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2869
Author(s):  
Jahnavi Putchakayala ◽  
Manjula Rao ◽  
Prashanthy Edwards ◽  
Mini Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population

Background: Emergency contraception (EC) is the contraception administered to a woman after unprotected intercourse. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice of emergency contraception among patients of 15-45 years attending Obstetrics and Gynaecology outpatient department.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital, Hyderabad during June 2014 to June 2016. This study included 300 women. A pre structured questionnaire was employed after obtaining informed written valid consent from the patient and institutional ethical committee clearance. Data on age, socio economic status, education, religion, marital status, their knowledge, attitude, practice regarding emergency contraception was obtained, tabulated and analysed using chi-square test.Results: Out of 300 women, 52% belong to 15-25 years, 31% belong to 26-35 years, 17% belong to 36-45 years. 21.6% of the study population heard of EC. Among these 51% heard from media, 24% from friends, 25% from medical personnel. 18.6% of the study population knew the correct time frame of use, knew that is not an abortion pill, effective in preventing pregnancy, could not prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. 85% of the study population have positive attitude. 14.6% of the population practiced EC. Out of them 88% have used emergency contraceptive pills, 12% have used Intra uterine contraceptive device. 77% got EC over the counter, 23% got through prescription.Conclusions: The study highlights the need to motivate women for effective and appropriate use of emergency contraception when required and arrest the trend towards unwanted pregnancy.

Self-Medication Practices with Antibiotics and Antimalarials Among Sudanese Undergraduate University Students

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1249-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmoneim I Awad ◽  
Idris B Eltayeb
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Private University ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Study Population

Background: In many developing countries, up to 60–80% of health problems are self-medicated. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics and/or antimalarials and identify factors promoting such use among university students in Sudan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed, using a pretested questionnaire on a sample of 1300 students selected from 5 universities in Khartoum State, Sudan. Results: Eight hundred ninety-one (79.5%; 95% CI 77.0 to 81.8) students from the study population had used antibiotics or antimalarials without a prescription within 1–2 months prior to the study. Four hundred ninety (55%; 95% CI 51.7 to 58.3) of the respondents stated that they had used antibiotics, 39 (4.4%; 95% CI 3.2 to 6.0) had used antimalarials, and 362 (40.6%; 95% CI 37.4 to 43.9) had used both. Overall, self-medication with antibiotics or antimalarials was significantly more common among students 21 years of age or older compared with those 20 years of age or younger (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.09; p = 0.004) and among students attending private universities compared with those attending public universities (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.95; p = 0.028). Self-medication with antibiotics followed a simitar pattern, which was significantly more common among students 21 years of age or older (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.81; p = 0.03) and private university respondents (OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.02; p = 0.003). Self-medication with antimalarials was found to be significantly less common among females (OR 0.76; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.97; p = 0.028) and higher among the 21 years or older age group (OR 1.84; 95% CI 1.42 to 2.40; p < 0.001), The most common reason indicated for self-medication was the respondents’ previous experiences with similar ailments. The main source of drugs was community pharmacies. Conclusions: The prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics/antimalarials among undergraduate university students in Khartoum State is high. Our findings highlight the need for planning interventions to promote the judicious use of antibiotics/antimicrobials.

Co-infection with gonorrhoea and chlamydia: how much is there and what does it mean?

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Creighton ◽  
Melinda Tenant-Flowers ◽  
Christopher B Taylor ◽  
Rob Miller ◽  
Nicola Low
Keyword(s):  
Dual Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
King's College ◽  
And Gender

A cross-sectional study of new clients with either gonorrhoea or chlamydia attending King's College Hospital in 1998. One thousand two hundred and thirty-nine women and 1141 men had gonorrhoea, chlamydia or both. Overall, 24.2% (124/512) of heterosexual men and 38.5% (136/353) of women with gonorrhoea also had chlamydia ( P<0.001). Of heterosexual males 18.8% (124/660) and 13% (136/1022) of females with chlamydia also had gonorrhoea ( P=0.002). Ethnicity had no effect on the proportion of co-infection after controlling for age and gender. Clients with dual infection were younger than those with either infection alone ( P=0.0001). Over half of women and a quarter of men aged 15 to 19 years were dually infected so testing for both gonorrhoea and chlamydia may be appropriate in this age group in settings outside genitourinary clinics. The high proportion of cases of gonorrhoea that also have chlamydia justifies the policy of epidemiological treatment for chlamydia.

Somatotype Characteristics of Sunni Muslim Population: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Chonsing Shimrah ◽  
Sukhmani Kaur ◽  
Gurjinder Kaur ◽  
Shivani Chandel
Keyword(s):  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Males And Females

The aim of this study was to understand the distribution of various somatotype components and determine the age- and sex-related variations of the somatotype among Sunni Muslim population of Uttar Pradesh, India. The study population consisted of 214 individuals (100 males and 114 females), belonging to the age group of 18–73 years. All somatometric measurements were taken according to the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK). Anthropometric somatotyping was done using Heath and Carter method. Somatotype dispersion distances (SDD), mean somatotype dispersion (SDM), and standard deviation of somatotype dispersion distance (DSD) were calculated. Somatochart was also plotted for the body physique of the studied population. The results showed that mean somatotype of males is balanced endomorph (4.2–3.2–3.1), while that of females is mesomorphic endomorph (6.6–3.7–1.2). Endomorphy and mesomorphy increased with age up to 55 years and then decreased thereafter; however, ectomorphy showed the opposite trend in both the sexes. The findings of the study indicate that males and females of Sunni Muslim population are predominantly endomorphic.

scholarly journals Socio Demographic Status of Victims in Vitriolage Cases- A Medico Legal Study

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 553-556
Author(s):  
Farial Naima Rahman ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
Md Zubaidur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rehabilitation Centre ◽  
Human Right ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
One Stop

Vitriolage or acid violence is a burning human right violation problem of our country. Over the last few years, acid throwing in Bangladesh was a regular phenomenon where most of the victims were female. This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out from July 2011 to June 2012 among the victims of vitriolage who underwent treatment at One stop Crisis centre (OCC) and burn unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital and also at the rehabilitation and treatment clinics of acid Survivors Foundation (ASF). Among the victims 92% were female and 25% belonged to 21-30 years age group. Most of the victims were from low socio economic background. Failure in marriage (22%), refusal of indecent proposal for sexual relationship (17%), failure in love affairs (13%) were the main causes behind acid violence. Fifty four percent (54%) had injuries in hand, 51 % (51) had injuries in neck and throat, 43 % (43) in back of body and 41 % (41) in face. The victims of vitriolage suffer in the form of physical, social, mental and economical ways. Rehabilitation centre for the victims, prevention of indiscriminate sale of acids, prompt trial of the accused, creation of acid crime tribunal in each district etc can improve the situation.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-1, Jul 2015, Page 553-556

A STUDY ON “PREVALENCE OF COPD OVERLAP IN ASTHMA PATIENTS–HOSPITAL BASED CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY”

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
S. Hema Akilandeswari ◽  
B. Kavitha ◽  
J. Sudhakaran ◽  
K. Rajkanth
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overlap Syndrome ◽  
Independent Factor ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Study Population

BACKGROUND:Asthma- COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS) is a recently dened terminology characterized by persistent limitation in airow, which shares features of both Asthma and COPD. ACOS is associated with worse outcomes than either condition alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study conducted in Government Thanjavur Medical College Hospital in the department of Internal Medicine between October 2017 and July 2018. The patients attending the asthma clinic and the medicine op for medications were enrolled into the study. Atotal of 80 patients were included. The statistical analyses were performed using Graph pad Prism version 5 software. RESULTS: In this study it was found that 25 % of the study population had a COPD overlap features. Duration of asthma was found to be a single independent factor associated with the development of COPD overlap in asthmatics in the study population. This study views smoking to have an additive effect in the disease pathology. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ACOS in previously diagnosed Asthma or COPD is more alarmingly increasing. Asthma- COPD overlap is characterised by more frequent exacerbations and complications. There is a critical need to better dene the management and treatment of this syndrome.

PATTERNS OR PREDICTION? USE OF CALCORRUGOSCOPY AS AN INDICATOR OF PERIODONTAL HEALTH.

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Archisman Mukherjee ◽  
Kaustabh Mondal ◽  
Soumya Roy Chaudhuri ◽  
Abhijit Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Macroscopic Analysis

Background: Calcorrugoscopy is the macroscopic analysis of the rugae patterns present on patients' casts made of dental stone. Aim: The present cross-sectional study was undertaken to nd the correlation between rugae pattern and periodontitis for prediction of individuals prone to periodontitis. Materials And Methods: The study population consisted of 200 Subjects who were selected in the age group of 35-44years and grouped as 100 with healthy periodontium and 100 with chronic periodontitis. Rugae patterns were photographed and impression casts were fabricated. The casts were subjected to calcorrugoscopy and were statistically analysed. Results: The number of rugae were found to be more in normal healthy individuals as compared to those having chronic periodontitis. Conclusion: The differences in the number and shape of rugae patterns in normal healthy individuals and those with periodontitis may be attributed to the disease progression.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis Among Young People on Rise in Sri-Lanka (An Analysis of Trend and Associated Factors)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Saman Kapilawanse ◽  
R. P. Bichha ◽  
Sudath Samaraweera ◽  
Nirupa Pallewatte ◽  
Harshni Vitharana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Age Category

Introduction: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in 5 randomly selected districts i.e Gampaha, Kandy, Badulla, Nuwara Eliya and Ratnapura during the period of March to September 2014. The general objective of the study was to describe the trend of TB among young population over past 6 years in Sri Lanka and to determine contributory factors associated with TB among young population.Methodology: The study was carried out in two stages. The first stage was analysis of the trend of TB over the 6 year period of 2008-2014. The analysis of the trend was carried out using the existing secondary data at the Medical Records Division of the National Programme for Tuberculosis Control and Chest Diseases (NPTCCD). Trend was analyzed for new cases of TB patients of 15--34 years of age and separately for 15-24 and 25-34 age groups and for each type of new TB cases. The second stage was a descriptive cross sectional study which was carried out to determine the associated factors. All the patients (new/ retreatment)in age group of 15-34 years and registered at the selected district chest clinics with confi rmed TB were selected as the study subjects. Operational Definitions were used to identify confi rmed TB cases ie, Sputum smear positive TB, smear negative pulmonary TB and Extra pulmonary TB. The data were collected using a pre tested interviewer administered questionnaire by the District Tuberculosis Control Officers attached to the relevant District Chest Clinics.Result: The main findings of the study were, The two peaks of TB incidence were observed in the trend across age groups and first one was in the age group of 25-34 years second peak in the age group of 45-54.Overall trend of TB in the country is more towards the older age groups (over 45 years), but shift to younger age groups were observed in 15 out of 16 districts in the country. A total of 223 patients were included in the descriptive study. The highest proportion (34%) of study population was from the district of Gampaha while least proportion (10%) of it was from Nuwara Eliya. Nearly 53% of the study population was above 25 years of age with the sex ratio of 1:1. A majority (68%) of the study population was Sinhalese while nearly 70% of the study population has passed the O/L, A/L, Diploma or a degree. About one third of the study population was unemployed. Nearly half (50.4%) of the study population was having monthly income of about Rs. 20,000.00 or above. 31% of the study population were current or past alcohol consumers and 29% were smokers and 7% of the study population were current or past cannabis consumers. Majority (77%) of the study population were under-nourished while 14% of them were less than 15 kg/m2. Nearly three fourth (72%) of the study population have been diagnosed by a consultant. Statistically signifi cant associations were found between the age category and more than 3 family members (χ2=5.063, df=1, p<0.017), ethnicity (χ2=4.229, df=1, p<0.04), employment category (χ2=13.859, df=3, p<0.003). Statistically significant associations were not found between the age category and residing district (χ2=5.962, df=4, p<0.202) and type of house (χ2=1.875, df=1, p<0.110),Conclusion: The study recommends more detailed assessment regarding the dietary habits of the patients, Emphasis on community awareness regarding nutritional aspects. Improving the nutritional status among adolescents and young adults. Modification of risky life style factors, Improvement of socio economic status through enhancement of financial stability, minimizing overcrowding and improvement of housing conditions and involving of non NTP health care providers and health professionals for TB diagnosis and management through capacity building and awareness. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2017, Page: 18-30

scholarly journals Problems associated with menstruation among medical students: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
A. Shantha ◽  
Roselin V. ◽  
Srisanthanakrishnan V.
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sickness Absenteeism

Background: Medical students are at high risk for developing menstrual irregularities due to their lifestyle, food pattern and exercise habits. Also, majority of the menstrual disorders are preventable by changing better lifestyle, early diagnosis and treatment. Hence this study was conducted with the objective of addressing the menstrual disorders and associated problems among the medical students.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted by the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, at Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, among the first, second- and third-year female students who are doing their MBBS course in the same institute, during the month of December 2019. A total of hundred students were included in the study. Data was collected using a proforma and analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.Results: Menstrual cycle periodicity was irregular among 17% of participants. Dysmenorrhoea, mid cycle pain, heavy menstrual bleeding was noted among 27%, 19% and 11% respectively. Also 10% of students reported sickness absenteeism due to menstrual disorders.Conclusions: Adolescent students should be educated on the importance of physical and mental health in terms of healthy food habits and regular physical exercise to overcome the menstrual disorders and to enjoy healthy reproductive period.

scholarly journals Knowledge about Anemia among Pregnant Women in Tertiary Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmida Sultana ◽  
Gulshan Ara ◽  
Tania Akbar ◽  
Rayhana Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Medicine Today

Introduction: To evaluate knowledge about anemia among pregnant women visiting in OPD for antenatal care. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in tertiary hospital Dhaka, from outdoor patient department of gynecology and obstetrics, to assess the knowledge about anemia among pregnant women and also to find out the percentage and type of anemia. A total 396 pregnant women were interviewed and information were collected by pre designed data collection sheet using various parameters. Interviews conducted by direct questionnaire, blood samples were collected at same setting. Results: The mean age was 25.92±5.05, highest number 39.65% were age group 21-25 years, 28.79% were age group -30 years, 15.91% were age group 31-35 years, 11.36% were found age group <20 years. Regarding antenatal visit during pregnancy, 25.8% pregnant women visited in 1st trimester, 46.7% pregnant women visited in second trimester, and 27.5% in 3rd trimester. Also 11.11% patients had anemia in first trimester, 39.39% anemic in 2nd trimester, 14.39% pregnant women anemic in third trimester and 35.10% had normal findings. And 67% pregnant woman’s had knowledge about ANC 32% had no knowledge. Conclusion: In this cross sectional study it was found that poor knowledge about anemia and less iron intake is the main cause for anemia during pregnancy. Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(2): 105-110

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document