scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to find the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in infertile euthyroid patients in a hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4398
Author(s):  
Sanjay Badesara ◽  
Kiran Jakhar
Keyword(s):  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Serum Prolactin Level ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Infertility ◽  
Euthyroid Status ◽  
One Year

Background: Infertility whether primary or secondary, has multi-factorial causation, out of which hormonal imbalance is one of the important factors. Current study evaluates the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in infertile euthyroid women.Methods: After Ethics Committee approval and written informed consent, all infertile euthyroid women (n=153) with age group 20-40 years attending outpatient department of general hospital, with marriage duration of at least one year and willing to participate in study were recruited. Male factor infertility, women with diagnosed hyperprolactinemia, thyroid abnormality, tubal factors, any congenital anomaly of urogenital tract or obvious organic lesion or with history of anxiety or other psychological disorders and on treatment for same were excluded. Detailed obstetrics history with relevant laboratory, radiological investigations including serum prolactin level was done.Results: Mean serum prolactin level was 13.89±10.03 ng/ml. Out of 153 participants, 13 had hyperprolactinemia which comprised 8.50% of the sample. The mean of the level of serum prolactin level in primary infertility cases was 13.18±8.485 ng/ml while that in secondary infertility was 17.21±15.1 ng/ml. Primary infertility was approximately half (53.85%) in hyperprolactinemia group and majority (85%) in normoprolactinemia group. Duration of married life, infertility and fasting blood sugar were positively correlated with prolactin levels.Conclusions: Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia was 8.50% with higher serum prolactin level in secondary infertility as compared to primary infertility. So, estimation of serum prolactin levels in infertile patients with euthyroid status can help to a large extent in finding the cause of infertility and may help in further management.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HYPERPROLACTINEMIA IN EUTHYROID INFERTILE FEMALES

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-22
Author(s):  
Puja Verma ◽  
Khushbu Tewary ◽  
Dipti Roy
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Serum Prolactin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Euthyroid Status ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Infertile Patients

Infertility is the inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy over a period of one year despite regular unprotected coitus. It can be due to various causes. This cross sectional study was done to find the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in euthyroid infertile women.A total of 76 infertile women with normal thyroid function attending the outpatient department were included in this study. Maximum cases were seen in the 25-35 year age group with the mean age of 26.35±3.11 years. The prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in eythyroid infertile women was 9.21%. The mean serum prolactin level in primary infertility women was 14.12±5.54 ng/ml while that in secondary infertility was 18.31±6.12 ng/ml. So, the estimation of serum prolactin levels in infertile patients with euthyroid status could be of great benefit in management of infertility.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Evaluation of Female Factor in Bangladeshi Infertile Couple

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Umme Ruman ◽  
TA Chowdhury ◽  
Nusrat Mahmud ◽  
Tanjeem S Chowdhury ◽  
Samira H Habib
Keyword(s):  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Infertile Couple ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Infertility

Background: Infertility prevails in good number in our society, causing social disharmony and distress. Laparoscopy is now a very effective tool for diagnosis and evaluation of female infertility. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in Infertility Unit of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital, from July, 2012 to June 2014. The aim of the study is to identify common pelvic pathologies of female factor infertility by laparoscopy so that early detection and treatment modalities can be instituted. Total 230 sub fertile patients attending OPD were selected for this study. Patients with DM, HTN, known case of hypothyroidism and male factor infertility was excluded from study. Detailed clinical history of every patient was recorded on a pre-set questionnaire and physical examination was performed. Laparoscopy was scheduled in proliferative phase of menstrual cycle. Results: Among the study subjects, 130 (56.5%) had primary infertility while 100 (43.5%) secondary infertility. On laparoscopy, 64.4% patient had normal sized uterus, 31 % had bulky uterus. Two patients had bicornuate uterus in secondary infertility cases. Uterus was restricted in mobility in 41% of patients due to endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or previous pelvic surgery. Fibroid uterus was detected in 30(13%) and 10(4.3%) cases of primary and secondary infertility cases respectively. Bilateral tubal blockage was present in 16(6.9%) and 17 (7.4%) cases of primary and secondary infertility respectively. Forty (17.4%) cases of primary infertility were detected as polycystic ovaries (PCO) which was 30(13%) in cases of secondary infertility. Endometriosis was found in total 9(3.9%) patient in both the groups. Pelvic adhesion was found in 22(9.5%) and 21 (9.1%) cases of primary and secondary infertility respectively. Conclusion: Laparoscopy could diagnose a substantial number of portion pelvic pathology. In a developing country like Bangladesh, earlier and justified intervention with laparoscopy can save time and expense of infertility treatment by diagnosing pelvic factor responsible for infertility. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018; Vol. 33(1) : 29-35

scholarly journals Study of Infertile Couples Attending a Teaching Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (203) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanti Subedi ◽  
Sabina Lamichhane ◽  
Manisha Chhetry
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Work Abroad

Introduction: Infertility is a global health issue and a socially destabilizing condition for couples with several stigmas including medical, social, psychological burdens and a marital disharmony. The aim was to study the incidence of infertility in couples attending outdoor of Nobel Medical College and to know the contributing factors among the infertile couples.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the outpatient department of a teaching hospital July 2015-June 2016, where the incidence of infertility and the contributing factors for the same were evaluated.Results: The incidence of infertility in this study was 5.45% and it was dominated by secondary infertility. The most important cause was male factor in 37.39%. Majority of male factor abnormality was due to exposure to heat as these male work abroad in Arabian Countries.Conclusions: The study shows a dominance of secondary infertility and male factor being a major contributor. The most common semen abnormality was oligospermia. Keywords: infertility; incidence; oligospermia; semen. | PubMed

scholarly journals Assessment of serum prolactin level in hepatic encephalopathy patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Richa Giri ◽  
Saksham Pandey ◽  
J. S. Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Prolactin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cirrhosis Of Liver

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder that arises in both acute and chronic liver disease. It is typified by the disturbance in consciousness and behavior, personality changes fluctuating neurological signs, asterisks or flapping tremors and distinctive EEG changes. This study was established to assess and evaluate the serum prolactin level in hepatic encephalopathy (HE) patient.Methods: The present cross-sectional study consisted a total 70 patients, out of those 35 were having HE and the rest 35 had no clinical evidence of HE. Those patients without clinical evidence of HE but having cirrhosis of liver, acute viral hepatitis and normal healthy controls.Results: Serum prolactin levels of patients of cirrhosis of liver with hepatic encephalopathy ranged from 37.6-210.7 ng/ml with a mean of 73.63±43.85 ng/ml. In patients, Prolactin levels were found significantly high in cirrhosis of liver patients with HE then cirrhosis of liver without HE patients (p<0.001). Level of serum prolactin in patients with hepatic encephalopathy with Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) ranged from 30.6-119.7 ng/ml with a mean of 71.24±26.87 ng/ml. The values obtained from these are significantly higher as compared to those in normal healthy controls and those in acute viral hepatitis (p<0.001). Level of serum prolactin in patients of liver cirrhosis without hepatic encephalopathy ranged from 18.6-26.4 ng/ml with a mean of 21.48±2.43 ng/ml. These values are significantly higher than those found in normal healthy controls and those found in acute viral hepatitis (p<0.001). Mortality rate was 70% in patients of cirrhosis of liver with HE.Conclusions: Serum prolactin levels (SPL) are significantly higher in patients with complications such as hepatic encephalopathy and higher the levels, greater the severity. Hence, we conclude that level of serum prolactin can be used as a useful prognostic marker in patients with cirrhosis of the liver as well as an early indicator of its complications.

scholarly journals Galactorrhea among Female Mentally Ill Patients Using Antipsychotics in a Tertiary Institution in South-South Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Omamurhomu E Olose ◽  
Donald C Chukwujekwu ◽  
Cecilia O Busari ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Medication Usage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Typical Antipsychotics

Objective was to determine the prevalence of galactorrhea among respondents, to determine the correlation between the dose of antipsychotic and the presence of galactorrhea, to determine the relationship between the duration of drug use and the prolactin level, to determine the relationship between class of antipsychotic and galactorrhea, and to determine the predictors of galactorrhea among the respondents. This is a cross-sectional study. From 81 consenting patients taking prescribed antipsychotic medications and all of whom have met the inclusion criteria, a sociodemographic interview schedule was administered. Next, the venous blood sample was collected for the estimation of the serum prolactin level. The prevalence of galactorrhea was 50.6%, there was a correlation between galactorrhea and chlorpromazine equivalent dose of antipsychotics (r = 0.356, p = 0.001), there is an association between galactorrhea and the use of typical antipsychotics, there was also an association between the duration of antipsychotic use and galactorrhea, and the greatest predictor of galactorrhea was found to be the duration of antipsychotic medication usage. Galactorrhea can result from the use of atypical or typical antipsychotics, and the duration of antipsychotic use was the greatest predictor of galactorrhea.

scholarly journals Etiologic Factors of Infertility in a Referral Hospital (BSMMU, Bangladesh)

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Begum Rokeya Anwar ◽  
Parveen Fatima ◽  
Nasim Afza ◽  
Tazkia Tarannum ◽  
Nazneen Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Tubal Blockage ◽  
Tubal Factor ◽  
One Year ◽  
Medical University

Background: Infertility is defined as the failure in pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse. Several centers have reported different causes of infertility. The most common causes of infertility include: Female factors such as ovulation dysfunction and tubal factor; male factors like sperm disturbance as well as ; both male and female factors and unexplained infertility. The aim of this study was to find out the etiologic factors of infertility in BSMMU (Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh)Methods: This cross sectional study was done at the Out Patient Department (OPD) of infertility in BSMMU during the period of December 2004 to March 2005. One hundred infertile couples with necessary investigations were reviewed for the study. Results: In this study the frequency of primary and secondary infertility was 56% and 44% respectively. Among 100 couples 57% had female factor, 25% had both male and female factors and in 3% had male factor and in 15% of couple, the causes of infertility were unknown. Among women, different infertility factors included: Tubal factor 33%, Ovarian factor 12% and endometriosis 11%. In this study tubal blockage were detected in 50% cases of female secondary subfertility following Menstruation Regulation (M/R). Result showed 82% of men had normal spermogram 28%, had sperm disturbance including Oligospermia, Asthenospermia, Oligoasthenospermia and teratospermia. Conclusion: Although female factor was the most common cause of infertility in BSMMU, we can not conclude that this factor is the most common causes of infertility in Bangladesh. Since this centre is considered as referral centre especially for female infertility. We suggest performance of similar researches with big sample size in different institution to evaluate most common causes of infertility in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.18460 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 110-113

scholarly journals Clinical Spectrum of Infertile Couple: a Retrospective Study at Teaching Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
Hima Rijal ◽  
Suvana Maskey
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
Infertile Couple ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chewing Tobacco ◽  
One Year ◽  
Unilateral Block

Introduction: Infertility has been rising steeply as the prime health issue among women around the world these days. This study aims to investigate the causes, hormonal profi le, and clinical spectrum of infertility.Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted throughout a one year duration in an infertility clinic. The couples meeting the inclusion criteria were included and a pre-formed proforma was used to collect the data regarding history, examination, and investigations.Results: A total of 118 infertile couples were analyzed. The mean age of the females was 28.3±4.5 years. There were 72.1 %cases of primary infertility and 27.9 %of secondary infertility. Regarding obesity status,35.5% were overweight and 15.2 % were obese. Thirty-one (26.2%) males were smokers, 41 (34.7%) used to consume alcohol, and 14 (11.8%) had a habit of chewing tobacco. Among the different fi ndings of semen analysis, 21.1% asthenozoospermia, 9.3% oligoasthenozospermia,7.6% oligospermia, 1.6% azoospermia. Female factor accounted for 45.3%, the malefactor for 28% and in 19.3% the defi nite factor was not determined. The ovulatory disorder was diagnosed in 38.6% of females and hysterosalpingography (HSG) revealed that around 10% had a unilateral block and 1.7% had a bilateral block.Conclusions: Infertility is becoming a global issue affecting a signifi cant number of young couples. About forty-six percent were female aging more than thirty years. The female factor for infertility was more common than the male factor among which ovulatory disorder was the commonest one. Asthenozoospermiawas the commonest abnormal fi nding on semen analysis in a male partner.

SERUM PROLACTINE LEVEL IN PATIENTS OF PSORIASIS VULGARIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DISEASE SEVERITY: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Kumar Saini ◽  
Devendra Yadav ◽  
Rozy Badyal ◽  
Suresh Jain ◽  
Arti Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Prolactin Level ◽  
R Value ◽  
Control Study

Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the skin mediated by T-lymphocytes resulting in production of cytokines which cause hyperproliferation of keratinocytes.  Several factors and hormones like Prolactin have an action similar to these cytokines in promoting the multiplication of keratinocytes and other cells like lymphocytes and epithelial cells may have a role on the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis. Aim:-The aim of study is to compare the serum Prolactin levels in patients of psoriasis with a control group. Setting and study design: This is a case-control study conducted in the department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy GMC, Kota over a period of 1year from July 2017 to June 2018 Material and method: The study included 100 cases of psoriasis (60 males and 40 females) and 100 controls similar for age and sex. Serum Prolactin levels were measured by ECLIA and results were obtained. Statistical analysis: Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each variable. Statistical significance of the results was analyzed using correlation analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient) and independent samples t-test. Statistical significance was assumed at p value<0.05. Result: Serum Prolactin level was significantly higher in cases of psoriasis compared to controls (p-value <0.001). PASI score and serum Prolactin levels were found to have a positive correlation (r value = 0.337; p-value: 0.001). No significant  correlation was found between serum levels of Prolactin and duration of disease r value= -0.034, P value =0.733). Serum Prolactin level was higher in male patients compared to females patients. Conclusion:- High serum Prolactin may be a biological marker of disease severity in psoriasis and may have a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Further studies with large sample size are required to confirm this hypothesis.

Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) Evaluation of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Md Tauhidul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Sadekur Rahman Sarkar ◽  
KM Ahasan Ahmed ◽  
Md Nazmul Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Aneurysm ◽  
Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
One Year ◽  
Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background: In evaluation of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage CT angiography (CTA) has 97-98% sensitivity and near 100% specificity. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the CTA findings of CT positive non traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methodology: This is an observational cross sectional study performed in Neurology department of National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka over one year period (January 2019 to December 2019). Total 87 CT positive subarachnoid hemorrhage cases were purposively included in this study. All CT positive patients underwent CTA of Cerebral vessels for further evaluation. The angiography were evaluated by competent neuro-radiologists blinded about the study. Result: Among 87 patients, 40.2% were male and 59.8% were female. The average age was 53.33±11.1 years. Among the studied patient the source of bleeding was found 78.16% aneurysmal and 21.84% non-aneurysmal. 85.30% patients had single aneurysm and 14.70% had multiple aneurysm. The highest number of patient had Acom aneurysm (41.17%) followed by MCA (22.05%), ICA (13.23%), ACA (7.35%) and vertebral artery (1.14%) in order of frequency. Among the multiple aneurysm group most of the patients had combination of Acom, MCA and ICA aneurysm. Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that CTA can be used as the primary diagnostic tool in evaluation of spontaneous SAH. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 78-81

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