scholarly journals Study of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate as an extended postpartum contraceptive at SCB medical college and hospital, Cuttack

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1484
Author(s):  
Sagarika Samal ◽  
Lucy Das
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Socioeconomic Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancies ◽  
One Year ◽  
Long Acting

Background: Increase in contraceptive use during the postpartum period substantially reduces the rate of maternal and infant mortality by preventing unplanned and unwanted pregnancies. Injectable Medroxy Progesterone acetate (DMPA) is one long acting reversible safe and effective method for postpartm contraception. Aims and Objectives to study the acceptance, efficacy, side effects and compliance of DMPA as an extended postpartum contraceptive at SCB Medical College, Cuttack.Methods: The study includes 76 women between 6weeks to 1year postpartum who had chosen DMPA as contraceptive after counseling regarding the basket of choices. DMPA injection was given within 7 days of menstruation if it has returned or at any time after being confirmed that woman is not pregnant with a back up for first 7days. Subsequent injections were given at three monthly intervals and followed up for one year after the first injection for pregnancy rate, side-effects, discontinuation and patient satisfaction.Results: Maximum females were from the combined age groups 25-29 (39.47%) and 20-24 years (35.52%). 46.1% women belong to lower middle socioeconomic group. The most common menstrual problem was amenorrhea in 47.36% followed by scanty bleeding in 22.36%. 25% discontinued after 1st dose of injection, which is the maximum. The commonest reason for discontinuation observed was menstrual problems (37.93%) followed by use of other methods of contraception (17.24%). Out of 76, 23 women were not satisfied (30.26%), main reason of dissatisfaction being menstrual problems. Failure rate was nil.Conclusions: The study concludes that DMPA is a very effective, safe, and long acting contraceptive with no effect on lactation. Proper counseling can improve the acceptance and compliance.

Reasons to choose a long acting antipsychotic and tolerability

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s822-s822
Author(s):  
I. Martínez Molina ◽  
N. Gómez-Coronado Suárez de Venegas ◽  
P. Blanco Ramón
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Hypertensive Crisis ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
One Year ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

IntroductionAripiprazole depot is an atypical antipshycotic used to treat positive and negative symptoms of psychosis or acute mania.AimDescribe the reason why psychiatrists switch the current antipsychotic treatment on to aripiprazol depot, its tolerability and the reasons to stop aripiprazol depot treatment.MethodsDescriptive analysis based on a sample of 37 patients, aged 18–65 years, treated during one year with antipsychotics at two community mental health units.ResultsSwitching on to aripiprazole depot principal reasons: promote adherence (25%), persistence of symptoms (25%) and high levels of prolactin or sexual dysfunction (16.66%):– side effects of aripiprazole depot: insomnia (11.11%), inquietude (8.33%), sexual dysfunction (2.77%) and hypertensive crisis during administration (2.77%);– 83.33% of the patients are still taking it after one year. The most common reasons to stop or change it were the presence of secondaries (11.11%) and clinical exacerbation (5.55%).ConclusionsAripiprazole depot is well tolerated (even better than other antipsychotics). Common side effects are not severe and appear in a small percent of patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The Management of a Case of Treatment-Resistant Paraphilia with a Long-Acting LHRH Agonist*

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 567-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Dickey
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Cyproterone Acetate ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Lhrh Agonist ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Sex Drive ◽  
Long Acting

A patient with multiple paraphilias who had been treated for several years with sex drive reducing agents (cyproterone acetate and medroxyprogesterone acetate) with little effect on sexual activity or fantasy was offered treatment with long-acting leuprolide acetate, an LHRH agonist. This produced a marked decrease in all reported sexual thoughts and activities with no significant side-effects.

scholarly journals Size Matters: Contemporary use of the IUD

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot M Levine ◽  
Carlos M Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Intrauterine Contraceptive ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive ◽  
Selection Of

Long-acting reversible contraceptive choices are becoming more popular among young women, and providers may need to keep in mind those methods that are likely to be most successful.  The dimensions of the uterine cavity vary according to the parity of a user, with the nulliparous woman having a smaller uterine space.  With the known intrauterine contraceptive device side effects being possible, and with smaller such devices being clinically available for patients, selection of those smaller devices for contraceptive use may be more ideal for those younger nulliparous women.  In this way, complications with this method may possibly be avoided.    

scholarly journals Use of long-acting reversible contraception among adolescents and young women in Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241506
Author(s):  
Wambui Kungu ◽  
Anne Khasakhala ◽  
Alfred Agwanda
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancies ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Living Children

The Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS 2014) revealed changing patterns in the contraceptive use of young women aged 15–24, shifting from injectable methods to implants. Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is user friendly, long-term, and more effective than other modern methods. It could be a game-changer in dealing with unintended pregnancies and herald a new chapter in the reproductive health and rights of young women. This study determined the factors associated with LARC use among adolescent girls and young women to expand the evidence of its potential as the most effective method of reducing unwanted pregnancies among the cohort. This study analysed secondary data from KDHS 2014 using binary logistic regression. The findings showed a rise in LARC use (18%), with identified predictors of reduced odds being aged 15–19 [OR = 0.735, 95% CI = 0.549–0.984], residence (rural) [OR = 0.674, CI = 0.525–0.865], religion (Protestant/other Christian) [OR = 0.377, CI = 0.168–0.842], married, [OR = 0.746, CI = 0.592–0.940], and region (high contraception) [OR = 0.773, CI = 0.626–0.955], while the number of living children showed increased odds for 1–2 children [OR = 17.624, CI = 9.482–32.756] and 3+ children [OR = 23.531, CI = 11.751–47.119]. This study established the rising popularity of LARC and identified factors that can be addressed to promote it. Its increased uptake could help Kenya achieve the International Conference on Population and Development 25’s first and second commitments on teenage pregnancies and maternal and new-born health, thus promoting the health, wellbeing, educational goals, and rights of this critical cohort. This study can guide the accelerated efforts needed in Kenya’s march towards the five zeros of unmet need for contraception, teenage pregnancies, unsafe abortions, preventable maternal deaths, and preventable neonatal/infant deaths.

Barriers to adolescent contraception use and adherence

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Clare ◽  
Mary-Beatrice Squire ◽  
Karem Alvarez ◽  
Julia Meisler ◽  
Candice Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Contingency Coefficient ◽  
Metropolitan Hospital ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Patient Barriers

Abstract Objective: The United States has the highest rate of adolescent pregnancy of the industrialized nations. Previously reported patient barriers to the use of contraception included an ambivalence about pregnancy; method side effects; difficulty using methods; lack of satisfaction with methods; concerns about safety; expense; and a lack of knowledge about long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). This survey aims to determine if there are additional barriers to contraception use and adherence among an ethnically diverse urban population. Methods: A 16-item survey with good interrater reliability was utilized in a pilot study to assess patient demographics, and contraceptive methods was distributed to female patients aged 13–21 years at Metropolitan Hospital Center from January to October of 2014. Data analysis was performed using the χ2-square analysis, ϕ-coefficient, Contingency Coefficient, Cramer’s V, and Satterthwaite methods of analyses. Results: Concerns about contraceptive method side effects, more specifically, weight gain, irregular bleeding and long-term health risks, and worries about parents discovering their contraceptive habits were the major barriers to contraceptive use. Conclusion: The identification of these barriers is critical in order to reduce the high rates of pregnancy in adolescents. Educating parents and their teenagers regarding the most effective methods may increase compliance and adherence. This study offers further support for the use of LARC to overcome perceived patient barriers.

scholarly journals Hormonal contraceptive use in Norway, 2006-2020, by contraceptive type, age and county: A nationwide register-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Furu ◽  
Ellen Barth Aares ◽  
Vidar Hjellvik ◽  
Øystein Karlstad
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Prescription Database ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptives

Aim: Our aim was to study hormonal contraceptive use among women in Norway during 2006-2020 according to age groups and geography, including choice of contraceptive method, type of prescriber for long-acting reversible contraceptives, and prescriber’s adherence to the national health authority recommendations.Material and methods: We conducted a nationwide drug utilization study including all women aged 16-49 years in Norway during 2006-2020. The Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD) includes detailed information about all dispensed prescription medications from Norwegian pharmacies to individuals in ambulatory care, including year of dispensing, patient’s year of birth and county of residence, and the prescriber’s profession.Results: This study shows a slight increase in overall use of hormonal contraceptives among 16-49-year-olds during 2006-2018, increasing from 36% of the population to 40%. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) was the most commonly used hormonal contraceptive method in all age groups. The use of COCs decreased during the period and the decline was greatest in those below 25 years. From 2016 80% of all new users of COCs received the recommended COC containing levonorgestrel. Use of estrogen-free contraceptives, long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) and gestagen pills, has increased. After 2014 the use of LARCs, especially subdermal implant, increased steeply among younger women. Oslo had the lowest proportion of users of hormonal contraceptives among teenagers and young adults during the whole period, while among 30-49-yearolds Oslo was more in line with the other counties.Conclusion: Combined oral contraceptives (COC) was the most used hormonal contraceptive method in all age groups. However, the use of COCs decreased during the period, especially in those < 25 years, where a corresponding increase in the use of LARC has taken place, mainly from 2014 onwards. Four out of five women who initiated COC received the recommended COC type and the steep increase in use of estrogen-free LARCs in recent years implies that Norwegian prescribers have high compliance with the recommendations from the health authorities.

scholarly journals The association between recent sexual activity and the use of modern contraceptive methods among married/cohabiting women in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Dwi Laksono ◽  
Ratna Dwi Wulandari ◽  
Ratu Matahari
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Status Analysis

Background: Modern contraceptive methods are considered more reliable for preventing and spacing pregnancy than traditional methods in sexual activity. The study aimed to analyze the association between recent sexual activity and the use of modern contraceptive methods among married/cohabiting women in Indonesia. Design: The samples used were married/cohabiting women aged 15-49 years old. The sample size was 34,467 women. The variables analyzed included modern contraceptive use, recent sexual activity, age groups, marital status, education level, and wealth status. Analysis using multinomial logistic regression.Results: It was found that women who were sexually not active last 4 weeks had the likely to use modern contraceptive non-LARC (long-acting reversible contraceptives) 0.416 times compared to women who were sexually active last 4 weeks. Women who were sexually active last 4 weeks were more likely to use modern contraceptive LARC 0.535 times than women who were sexually active last 4 weeks. The results of this analysis inform that women who are sexually active last 4 weeks have a higher possibility to use modern contraceptives, both non-LARC and LARC types.Conclusions: Based on the results of the research analysis it could be concluded that recent sexual activity was associated with modern contraceptive use among married/cohabiting women in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Clinical and etiological profile of heart failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Bansari S. Mistry ◽  
Krupa Pathak ◽  
Smita K. Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Medical College ◽  
One Year

Background: The overall prevalence of heart failure (HF) is thought to be increasing, in part because current therapies for cardiac disorders such as myocardial infarction (MI), valvular heart disease and arrhythmias, are allowing patients to survive longer. Aims of the study were to know the presentation, causes, outcome of HF patients and to know the proportion of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study of heart failure patients for duration of one year, admitted in medicine department of medical college and SSG hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.Results: Males constituted more than half of patients; however, HFpEF was more common in females in all age groups. Majority of patients had HFrEF. Breathlessness was the common presenting symptom. Common aetiologies found were ischaemic heart disease (IHD), hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM) and valvular heart disease. 50-64 year patients constituted the major age group. IHD and DM were more common in this age group. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) was seen commonly in 20-34 year of age group. In-hospital mortality rate though low has not much changed and contributes significantly considering the prevalence.Conclusions: Like developing countries, IHD contributes a major portion of patients with HF with risk factors like DM and HTN. Though, the contribution from RHD still cannot be ignored. There is little decrease in mortality but considering prevalence the burden is still high.

scholarly journals SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE PATIENTS WITH OCULAR TRAUMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Ashay Rameshwar Dangare ◽  
Dr Amit Ashok Surana
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Health Care Unit ◽  
One Year ◽  
Human Eyes ◽  
The Impact

Background: Ocular trauma is an important cause of preventable visual morbidity, particularly among younger age groups as shown by different studies worldwide. The impact of trauma on the human eyes may range from minute corneal abrasions/innocuous subconjunctival haemorrhage to a badly lacerated globe.Aim: To study the Socio-demographical profile of the patients with ocular traumaMethods: An observational study was carried out at the Department Of Ophthalmology, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, a tertiary health care unit of West Bengal. The entire study was conducted after proper consultation and recommendations from the ethical committee. The research was carried out during a period of one year (01/03/2010 to 28/02/2011). A total of 120 patients were taken into consideration for the scope of the study.Results: The patients were aged between 0-50 years were mostly suffered most ocular injuries. The research also showed that the majority of the affected patients were males, i.e. 75%. Furthermore, in the course of the study, the majority of the patients belonged to the rural population, i.e. 71.5%.Conclusion: This study indicates that ocular trauma is a significant cause of monocular and sometimes binocular visual loss in all age groups. Many injuries and their visual outcome may be prevented through education and prompt, appropriate medical care.

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