scholarly journals Use of long-acting reversible contraception among adolescents and young women in Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241506
Author(s):  
Wambui Kungu ◽  
Anne Khasakhala ◽  
Alfred Agwanda
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancies ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Living Children

The Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS 2014) revealed changing patterns in the contraceptive use of young women aged 15–24, shifting from injectable methods to implants. Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is user friendly, long-term, and more effective than other modern methods. It could be a game-changer in dealing with unintended pregnancies and herald a new chapter in the reproductive health and rights of young women. This study determined the factors associated with LARC use among adolescent girls and young women to expand the evidence of its potential as the most effective method of reducing unwanted pregnancies among the cohort. This study analysed secondary data from KDHS 2014 using binary logistic regression. The findings showed a rise in LARC use (18%), with identified predictors of reduced odds being aged 15–19 [OR = 0.735, 95% CI = 0.549–0.984], residence (rural) [OR = 0.674, CI = 0.525–0.865], religion (Protestant/other Christian) [OR = 0.377, CI = 0.168–0.842], married, [OR = 0.746, CI = 0.592–0.940], and region (high contraception) [OR = 0.773, CI = 0.626–0.955], while the number of living children showed increased odds for 1–2 children [OR = 17.624, CI = 9.482–32.756] and 3+ children [OR = 23.531, CI = 11.751–47.119]. This study established the rising popularity of LARC and identified factors that can be addressed to promote it. Its increased uptake could help Kenya achieve the International Conference on Population and Development 25’s first and second commitments on teenage pregnancies and maternal and new-born health, thus promoting the health, wellbeing, educational goals, and rights of this critical cohort. This study can guide the accelerated efforts needed in Kenya’s march towards the five zeros of unmet need for contraception, teenage pregnancies, unsafe abortions, preventable maternal deaths, and preventable neonatal/infant deaths.

scholarly journals Use of Contraceptive Methods among Young Married Women in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamala Devi Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Fertility Preference ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Living Children

Nepal has a fairly high adolescent fertility rate and low use of contraception. Lack of contraceptive use is a major contributor to the high rates of unintended pregnancies amongst youth. There is also lack of specific studies dealing with contraceptive behavior among young married women. This study examines the use and determinants of contraceptive methods over the time period of 15 years (2001-2016) among young women in Nepal. Trend and bi-vatiate analysis of this study is based on the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 data. The multivariate analysis is based on NDHS 2016 data of 2059 currently married non-pregnant young women aged 15-24 years. Logistic regression is used to assess the net effect of independent variables on dependent variable. The study shows that the contraceptive prevalence rate of young women is only 34 percent. Number of living children, spousal separation, husband education, women, occupation, wealth status, caste/ethnic affiliation, fertility preference, decision making status, ideal number of children they prefer and media exposure, are statistically associated to the use of contraception among young women in Nepal. There is a need to strengthen income generating activities so as to improve young women's socio-economic status which will translate into female economic and social empowerment hence ability to discuss sexuality related issues. Family planning programmes should be designed so as to address the contraceptive need of young women especially the low parity and Muslim adolescents.

scholarly journals Unmet Need for Family Planning among Currently Married Young Women in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Kamala Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data File ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living Children ◽  
High Level

A high level of unmet need for contraception persists among currently married young women in Nepal. Evidences about unmet need for family planning and associated factors are not fully analyzed in the Nepalese context. Therefore, this study investigates the prevalence and determinants of unmet need for family planning among currently married young women in Nepal. This is an analytical cross-sectional study through secondary data analysis of the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey women data-file. The analysis is based on 2,552 currently married young women aged 15-24 years. Logistic regression is used to assess the net effect of independent variables on dependent variable. Women’s current age, number of living children, education level, occupation, women empowerment, caste/ethnic affiliation, and residence are independent predictors of unmet need. The odds of unmet need are significantly higher among the adolescents, rural, not empowered and not working young women. There is a need to strengthen income generating activities so as to improve their socio-economic status which will translate into female economic and social empowerment which enable them to discuss on sexual issues. Family planning programmes should be designed so as to address the unmet need of young women especially the rural adolescents.

scholarly journals Trends and factors associated with long-acting reversible contraception in Kenya

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 382
Author(s):  
Wambui Kungu ◽  
Anne Khasakhala ◽  
Alfred Agwanda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Many ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Living Children

Background: Kenya has 12 million female adolescents and youths aged 10-34 years whose reproductive behavior will determine the growth and size of its population for the next decade. The anticipated momentum of births can be slowed by the use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) methods as they are more effective, need no user adherence, and hence have no risk of incorrect or inconsistent use. However, in spite of the many health and social benefits, LARC is underutilized because of myths and misconceptions. Kenya is in the ultimate decade towards Vision 2030 and investing in LARC can save costs of health care and accelerate the achievement of the development goal. The objective of this study was to establish factors associated with LARC use, with a view of establishing the potential for increasing demand. Methods: The study was national and used secondary data from the three waves of the Kenya Demographic Health Survey from 2003, 2008/09 and 2014 in a sample of all women of reproductive age who reported currently using modern contraceptive methods at the time of interview. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis was employed to profile and examine LARC users. Results: LARC use was low but picking up rapidly, especially among contraceptive users of higher social economic status in a major shift between 2008/09 and 2014. Consistent factors that influenced its use were age, wealth, and number of living children, while education and residence were of influence some of the time. Conclusions: There is huge unexploited potential for more LARC uptake based on the identified predictors of its use. Scaling up of LARC uptake is critical to deal with issues of poor user adherence, incorrect and inconsistent use, and method failure that characterize short-acting contraception, resulting in increased unintended pregnancies, incidences of unsafe abortions and maternal and infant mortality.

scholarly journals Estimation of Fertility due to Contraception in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Bijaya Mani Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Total Fertility Rate ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Background Characteristics ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

  Fertility has an important role for demographic transition and total fertility rate (TFR) which is one component measurements of fertility. Absences of complete and reliable data, a large number of indirect techniques have been developed to estimate demographic parameters. Some of these techniques are based on stable population theory and others are regression equations between the dependent variables, the TFR and the independent variables, the socio economic as well as demographic variables. The unwanted or unintended pregnancies can be avoided through the use of contraceptives; it becomes very important to estimate the births averted or pregnancies stopped by use of contraception. Though there is increase in the use of contraception, still many couples do not use contraception in spite of the fact that they require to use contraception. To satisfy this unmet need of contraception is one of the policy targets of national population policy for population stabilization. In this study, 12862 married females between 15-49 years of age, whose marital duration is more than 5 years, have been taken to study the distribution on different background characteristics and their behavior. Firstly, a regression study was done to know the impact on contraceptive use and further multivariate study has been carried out to know the effect of background characteristics and behavior on absence of birth five years jointly at different sub division. This method is based on the relationship between the Total fertility rate (TFR) and contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR).By using this modified estimate of TFR, birth averted for different area. The variables are CPR that about 71.4 percent variation in TFR can be explained by the first regression approach. The second is based on the relationship between total fertility rate (TFR) and Additive combination of CPR and proportion of currently married females having open birth interval (NPV) explained about 82percent of the variation in TFR. The findings revealed that the TFR calculated by the present method are quite close to the observed values of the TFR. Estimates of births averted and the percent change in births in the absence of contraception, based on the two methods are fairly consistent.

DESIRE FOR MORE CHILDREN, CONTRACEPTIVE USE AND UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING IN A REMOTE AREA OF BALI, INDONESIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
MELLISSA WITHERS ◽  
MEGUMI KANO ◽  
GDE NGURAH INDRAGUNA PINATIH
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Living Children

SummaryExploring fertility preferences in relation to contraceptive use can increase the understanding of future reproductive behaviour and unmet family planning needs. This knowledge can help assist women in meeting their reproductive goals. The influences on the desire for more children and current contraceptive use were examined among 1528 married women of reproductive age in an isolated community in Bali, Indonesia, using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Women who were younger, had fewer living children, had given birth in the past year and had regular access to health services were more likely to desire children. Being older, having fewer living children, not having regular access to health services, having given birth in the past year and having the desire for more children were associated with a lower likelihood of using contraception. Women with regular access to health care are more likely to desire more children, probably because they are confident in their ability to have successful birth outcomes. However, specialized clinics or family planning outreach workers may be required to reduce barriers to service utilization among some groups. The findings of this study identify key target populations for family planning, including older women and postpartum women – groups that may not perceive themselves to be at risk for unintended pregnancy. Meeting unmet need for family planning among these groups could help women meet their fertility goals, as well as reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Predictors of modern contraceptive use among women and men in Uganda: a population-level analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e034675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Namasivayam ◽  
Sarah Lovell ◽  
Sarah Namutamba ◽  
Philip J Schluter
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use

Objective(s)Despite substantial and rapid improvements in contraceptive uptake in Uganda, many women continue to have unmet need for contraception. As factors affecting contraceptive use are dynamic and complex, this study seeks to identify current predictors and provide effect size estimates of contraceptive use among women and men in Uganda.Study designA nationally representative cross-sectional population survey, using secondary data from Uganda’s 2016 Demographic and Health Survey. Stratified by sex, weighted bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were derived from a suite of potential predictor variables. Predictive abilities were assessed via 10-fold cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs).SettingUganda.ParticipantsAll women aged 15–49 years who were permanent residents of the selected households or stayed in the household the night before the survey were eligible to participate. In one-third of the sampled households, all men aged 15–54 years who met the same residence criteria were also eligible.Primary outcome measuresModern contraceptive use.ResultsOverall, 4914 (26.6%) women and 1897 (35.6%) men reported using a modern contraceptive method. For women and men, both demographic and proximate variables were significantly associated with contraceptive use, although notable differences in effect sizes existed between sexes—especially for age, level of education and parity. Predictively, the multivariable model was acceptable for women with AUC=0.714 (95% CI 0.704 to 0.720) but less so for men with AUC=0.654 (95% CI 0.636 to 0.666).Conclusion(s)Contemporary significant predictors of contraceptive use among women and men were reported, thereby enabling key Ugandan subpopulations who would benefit from more targeted family planning initiatives to be identified. However, the acceptable AUC for women and modest AUC for men suggest that other important unmeasured predictors may exist. Nonetheless, these evidence-based findings remain important for informing future programmatic and policy directions for family planning in Uganda.

scholarly journals Modern contraceptive use among adolescent girls and young women in Benin: a mixed-methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e054188
Author(s):  
Noudéhouénou Crédo Adelphe Ahissou ◽  
Lenka Benova ◽  
Thérèse Delvaux ◽  
Charlotte Gryseels ◽  
Jean-Paul Dossou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Qualitative Part

ObjectivesThe study aimed to assess the determinants of modern contraceptive method use among young women in Benin.DesignA mixed-methods design.Setting and participantsWe used the Benin 2017–2018 Demographic and Health Survey datasets for quantitative analysis. Data collection was conducted using multiple-cluster sampling method and through household survey. Qualitative part was conducted in the city of Allada, one of the Fon cultural capitals in Benin. The participants were purposively selected.OutcomesContraceptive prevalence rate, unmet need for modern method and percentage of demand satisfied by a modern method for currently married and sexually active unmarried women were measured in the quantitative part. Access barriers and utilisation of modern methods were assessed in the qualitative part.ResultsOverall, 8.5% (95% CI 7.7% to 9.5%) among young women ages 15–24 were using modern contraceptives and 13% (12.1% to 14.0%) among women ages 25 or more. Women 15–24 had a higher unmet need, and a lower demand satisfied by modern contraceptive methods compared with women ages 25 or more. 60.8% (56.9% to 64.7%) of all unmarried young women had unmet need for modern contraceptives. Young women were more likely to use male condoms which they obtain mainly from for-profit outlets, pharmacies and relatives. The factors associated with demand satisfied by a modern method were literacy, being unmarried, knowing a greater number of modern contraceptive methods and experiencing barriers in access to health services. On the other hand, the qualitative study found that barriers to using modern methods include community norms about pre-marital sexual intercourse, perceptions about young women’s fertility, spousal consent and the use of non-modern contraceptives.ConclusionContraceptive use is low among young women in Benin. The use of modern contraceptives is influenced by sociodemographic factors and social norms. Appropriate interventions might promote comprehensive sexuality education, increase community engagement, provide youth-friendly services and address gender inequalities.

scholarly journals Knowledge and factors influencing long acting reversible contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa ◽  
Olalekan Seun Olagunju
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive

Background: Over a month when contraception is used, approximately 48% of unintended pregnancies occur as a result of human error, which is largely due to incorrect use, poor adherence and/or technology failure. Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods have been developed to bridge this gap because it’s not dependent on compliance with a pill-taking regimen; remembering to change patch or ring; or fixing an appointment with physicians. The main aim of this study is to examine the characteristics of women associated with use of LARC and also to examine the relationship between knowledge of LARC and its current use. Methods: This study assessed the PMA2020 secondary dataset using female datasets from PMA 2016 (Round 3) exercise. PMA 2016 was a survey carried out in seven states of Nigeria. The target population for this study was women of reproductive age (15-49 years) currently using any method of contraception prior to the survey. The weighted sample size of women meeting inclusion criteria in this study is 1927. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution, chi-square and logistic regression. Results: The results showed that 21.0% of women were using traditional methods. Concerning LARC methods, the table showed that 14.8% of the sampled women were using LARC methods. Findings further revealed that at both levels of analysis there is a significant relationship (P<0.05 and P=0.00 for binary and multivariable logistic regression, respectively) between knowledge of LARCs and uses in this study. This means that the use of LARC is being influenced by its knowledge among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. Conclusions: This study concludes that 14.8% of women using any methods of contraceptive were using LARC. Additionally, after controlling for other confounding factors, level of education, age of women, household wealth and number of living children were significantly associated with using LARC.

scholarly journals Knowledge and factors influencing long acting reversible contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa ◽  
Olalekan Seun Olagunju
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive

Background: Approximately 48% of unintended pregnancies occur as a result of contraceptive failure around the world, which is largely due to incorrect use, poor adherence and/or technology failure. Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods have been developed to close this gap because it’s not dependent on compliance with a pill-taking regimen; remembering to change patch or ring; or fixing an appointment with physicians. The main aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing the women associated with use of LARC and to examine the relationship between knowledge of LARC and its current use. Methods: This study assessed the PMA2020 methodology and secondary dataset using female datasets from PMA 2016 (Round 3) exercise. PMA 2016 was a survey carried out in seven states of Nigeria. The target population for this study was women of reproductive age (15-49 years) currently using contraception prior to the survey. The sample size of women meeting inclusion criteria in this study was 1927. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution, chi-square and logistic regression at 5% level of significant. Results: The results showed that 21.0% of women were using traditional methods. Concerning LARC methods, the table showed that 14.8% of the sampled women were using LARC methods. Findings further showed that at both levels of analyses there is a significant relationship (P<0.05 and P=0.00 for binary and multivariable logistic regression, respectively) between knowledge of LARCs and uses in this study. This means that knowledge of LARC & other socio-demographic variables among women of reproductive age in Nigeria can influence the use of it. Conclusions: From the result of the study we concluded that 14.8% of women using contraception were using LARC. Additionally, level of education, age of women, household wealth and number of living children were significantly associated with using LARC.

scholarly journals Predictors of contraceptive use among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) aged 15 to 24 years in South Africa: results from the 2012 national population-based household survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Makola ◽  
L. Mlangeni ◽  
M. Mabaso ◽  
B. Chibi ◽  
Z. Sokhela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Background Despite a variety of contraceptives being available for women in South Africa, a considerable number of adolescent girls and young women still face challenges in using them. This paper examines socio-demographic and behavioral predictors of using contraceptives among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) aged 15 to 24 years. Methods A secondary data analysis was conducted based on the 2012 population-based nationally representative multi-stage stratified cluster randomised household survey. Multivariate backward stepwise logistic regression model was used to examine socio-demographic and behavioural factors independently associated with contraceptive use amongst AGYW aged 15 to 24 years in South Africa. Results Out of 1460 AGYW, 78% (CI: 73.9–81.7) reported using some form of contraceptives. In the model, contraceptive use was significantly associated with secondary education [OR = 1.8 (1.2–2.7), p = 0.005], having a sexual partner within 5 years of their age [OR = 1.8 (1.2–2.5), p = 0.002], and sexual debut at age 15 years and older [OR = 2.5 (1.3–4.6), p = 0.006]. The likelihood of association decreased with other race groups-White, Coloured, and Indians/Asians [OR = 0.5 (0.3–0.7), p = 0.001], being married [OR = 0.4 (0.2–0.7), p = 0.001], never given birth [OR = 0.7 (0.5–0.9), p = 0.045], coming from rural informal [OR = 0.5 (0.3–0.9), p = 0.010] and rural formal settlements [OR = 0.5 (0.3–0.9), p = 0.020]. Conclusions Evidence suggest that interventions should be tailor-made to meet the needs of AGYW in order to, promote use and access to contraceptives. The results also suggest that family planning interventions should target those who had not given birth in order to reduce unplanned and or unintended pregnancies and associated risk factors. These findings contribute to public health discourse and reproductive health planning for these age groups in the country.

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