scholarly journals Intermittent auscultation in obstetric practice in tertiary health facilities in Nigeria. Are we doing it correctly?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Green Kinikanwo ◽  
Mkpe Abbey ◽  
George M. Ela
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Antenatal Period ◽  
Foetal Monitoring ◽  
Early Labour ◽  
Pulse Palpation ◽  
Practice Methods ◽  
Rivers State

Background: Intermittent auscultation (IA) was the main method of foetal monitoring in Nigeria, with the pinard stethoscope more in use than the hand-held Doppler. Aim of the study to produce a guideline on IA, conduct an audit on its use and to give a recommendation for future practice. Methods: A mixed-method design-observational-descriptive, review and an audit carried out in tertiary centres in Rivers State, Nigeria. The WHO 2018, FIGO 2015 and other guidelines on IA were reviewed. Good practice points were extracted from the literatures and used to produce a guideline. 17 review criteria for the audit were chosen from the guideline and used to test 150 doctors, midwives and nurses. Data were analysed with Epi. info 2020. Results: A guideline on IA was created. Out of the 150 participants, correct answers to the questions were given as follows: foetal movements over the preceding 24 hours before IA,  determination of  foetal lie, assessment of presentation and position before IA and identification of point of application of foetal stethoscope on maternal abdomen by 121 (80.67%), 17 (11.33%) and 34 (22.67%) respectively; frequency of IA in the antenatal period, duration of IA and maternal pulse palpation during IA for 13-98 (8.67-65.33%), 121 (80%) and 0 (0%) respectively; in labour, questions on timing of IA, ruling out hypoxia in early labour,  determination of the baseline FHR  and recording of the findings on IA for 61-130 (40.67-86.67%); interval and duration of IA and management of abnormal findings in the antenatal period and in labour, interval and duration of IA at 2-18 (1.33-12%).Conclusions: The performance of IA by obstetric practitioners was poor; that may account for some of the wrong management plan in the antenatal and intra-partum periods. A quarterly or yearly drills on IA were therefore recommended. 

scholarly journals STUDY AND MAPPING OF DEGRADATION OF THE ARALKUM DESERT

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (330) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
G.Y. Saduova ◽  
G.T. Issanova ◽  
Y.Kh. Kakimzhanov ◽  
J. Abuduwaili
Keyword(s):  
Salt Lake ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Western World ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Environmental Disasters ◽  
New Man ◽  
Practice Methods

Desertification is a land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas as a result of various factors, including climate change and human activities. The Aral Sea is called the once large, and now almost dry, salt lake, which today looks like a large salt desert. Its drying is considered one of the greatest environmental disasters of our time, because only 50 years ago it was one of the four largest lakes on our planet. In the 1990s, the western world learned about the environmental disaster of what used to be the fourth largest lake in the world - The Aral Sea. The abrupt drying of the Aral Sea led to the intensive development of desertification processes in the region and the formation of the new man-made Aralkum desert. The main method for determining the soil degradation of the Aralkum desert is the calculation of indices. The selected methods are widely known and repeatedly applied in world practice methods for processing satellite images. So, all of the listed spectral indices are universal. The uniqueness of this technique lies in the determination of the exact ranges of values for each of the spectral indices in the identification of various indicators of desertification.

scholarly journals Understanding Uncertainty and Risk in Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-35
Author(s):  
Piotr Jedynak ◽  
Sylwia Bąk
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Organization Management ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Modern Management ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this text is to identify approaches to defining and subsequently reviewing the definitions of uncertainty and risk as interdisciplinary terms which are of key importance in modern management.Methodology: The work is theoretical. The main method used in the research process was the analysis of scientific literature. A one-dimensional logical classification method was also used, in order to categorize approaches to defining uncertainty and risk, satisfying the exhaustive and mutually exclusive criteria in the selection of categories of approaches.Findings: The main results of the work are: 1) identification of approaches to defining uncertainty and risk, 2) interdisciplinary review of definitions of uncertainty and risk indicating the criteria to distinguish between the two, and 3) determination of the meaning of the terms uncertainty and risk in modern management.Value Added: Considering the approaches to defining uncertainty and risk taken from many fields and disciplines of science, this text is a compendium of theoretical knowledge for the proper understanding and meaning of these concepts in management.Recommendations: The research findings can have implications for both management theory as well as the practice of organization management.

scholarly journals Effect of a Misidentified Centre of a Type ASG Material Measure on the Determined Topographic Spatial Resolution of an Optical Point Sensor

Metrology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Janik Schaude ◽  
Andreas Christian Gröschl ◽  
Tino Hausotte
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Practice Guide ◽  
Measurement And Evaluation ◽  
Period Limit ◽  
Material Measure ◽  
Iso 25178

The article presents the determination of the topographic spatial resolution of an optical point sensor. It is quantified by the lateral period limit DLIM measured on a type ASG material measure, also called (topographic) Siemens star, with a confocal sensor following both a radial measurement and evaluation, as proposed by ISO 25178-70, and the measurement and subsequent evaluation of two line scans, proposed by the NPL Good Practice Guide. As will be shown, for the latter, an only slightly misidentified target centre of the Siemens star leads to quite significant errors of the determined DLIM. Remarkably, a misidentified target centre does not necessarily result in an overestimation of DLIM, but lower values might also be obtained. Therefore, a modified Good Practice Guide is proposed to determine DLIM more accurately, as it includes a thorough determination of the centre of the Siemens star as well. While the measurement and evaluation effort is increased slightly compared to the NPL Good Practice Guide, it is still much faster than a complete radial measurement and evaluation.

scholarly journals The intrinsic roles of regulatory instruments in mining operations

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Kola Odeku
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Regulatory Instruments ◽  
Intrinsic Roles ◽  
Practice Approach ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
And Control

Prospecting and exploiting natural mineral resources for economic growth and development could be beneficial if done in sustainable ways and manners. However, if the operation is done in such a way that cause harm to the environment and people, this will amount to unsustainable mining activity and anti-sustainable development. Therefore, there is need to ensure that appropriate and adequate plans and programmes are put in place in order to mitigate, minimise and avoid negative environmental impacts. Against the backdrop of these concerns and the need to ensure that the environment is not degraded and destroyed, South Africa, as part of the countries that promotes sustainable prospecting and mining has put in place and currently implementing tools known as environmental management plan and programme to regulate and control all prospecting and mining activities. These tools contain a bundle of remedial actions in the forms of compensation, rehabilitation and restoration of any harm done to the environment during the course of mining activities. They also contain information on mitigation, ingredients for good practice approach on how to conduct sustainable prospecting and mining. This article looks at the intrinsic roles of these tools and accentuates the importance and operations of their use in the decision making processes.

A quantitative approach to the detection of nuclear activity after differential damage to nucleus and cytoplasm in early development

Development ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
A. A. Neyfakh ◽  
N. N. Rott
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Nuclear Activity ◽  
Complete Inactivation ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Nuclear Damage ◽  
Development Proceeds

For studying nucleo-cytoplasmic relations during development various selective influences on the nucleus and cytoplasm are widely used as the main method of experimental analysis. However, the application of such techniques presents difficulties both in obtaining evidence that shows the specificity of a nuclear or cytoplasmic effect by a chosen agent and in the quantitative evaluation of the extent of damage. In this paper a method is described for differentiating between nuclear and cytoplasmic sites of action of a given agent as well as for evaluating quantitatively the extent of nuclear damage. The method is based on the determination of the morphogenetic activity of nuclei at different stages of embryonic development. As has been previously shown, after complete inactivation of nuclei (for instance, by heavy doses of radiation) development proceeds up to the stages programmed for by the genetic cell apparatus (Neyfakh, 1959, 1964).

Influence of Leaning Materials on the Quality of Building Ceramics

2021 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Ruta Švinka ◽  
Visvaldis Švinka ◽  
Maris Rundans ◽  
Inta Timma ◽  
Laila Petersone
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
Formation Of Cracks

Clay of the deposit Liepa is used for the production of ceramic building and finishing bricks in the factory “Lode” in Latvia. In the present work different types of these clays were investigated and “quartz effect” was determined using quartz sand as a leaning material. The substitution of quartz sand with milled E-glass fibre from Valmiera Glass was investigated and the changes in the magnitude of the quartz inversion effect were analysed. Thermal expansion was the main method for the determination of possible formation of cracks during technological process. Powder of milled glass fibre in amount of 5–10 % affects such properties as water uptake, porosity and apparent density and provides the required material properties at a lower firing temperature.

European Network on the Determination of Site End Points for Radiologically Contaminated Land

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Booth ◽  
Chris Lennon
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
State Agency ◽  
European Network ◽  
End Points ◽  
Contaminated Land ◽  
End Point ◽  
Land Site ◽  
High Level

Nexia Solutions are currently running a small European network entitled “European Network on the Determination of Site End Points for Radiologically Contaminated Land (ENDSEP)”. Other network members include NRG (Netherlands), UKAEA (UK), CEA (France), SOGIN (Italy), Wismut (Germany), Saxon State Agency of Environment and Geology (Germany). The network is focused on the technical and socio-economical issues associated with the determination of end points for sites potentially, or actually, impacted by radiological contamination. Such issues will cover: • Those associated with the run up to establishing a site end point; • Those associated with verifying that the end points have been met; and • Those associated with post closure. The network’s current high level objectives can be summarized as follows: • Share experience and best practice in the key issues running up to determining site end points; • Gain a better understanding of the potential effects of recent and forthcoming EU legislation; • Assess consistency between approaches; • Highlight potential gaps within the remit of site end point determination and management; and • Consider the formulation of research projects with a view to sharing time and expense. The programme of work revolves around the following key tasks: • Share information, experience and existing good practice. • Look to determine sustainable approaches to contaminated land site end point management. • Through site visits, gain first hand experience of determining an appropriate end point strategy, and identifying and resolving end point issues. • Highlight the key data gaps and consider the development of programmes to either close out these gaps or to build confidence in the approaches taken. • Production of position papers on each technical area highlighting how different countries approach/resolve a specific problem.

COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES ON ARBITRARY DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY AND REFUGEE STATUS

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Hélène Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Refugee Convention ◽  
Global Consensus ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
Ordinary Meaning ◽  
The Status

AbstractThe question of whether arbitrary deprivation of nationality constitutes persecution for the purposes of a determination of refugee status has received increased attention in recent jurisprudence. However, no systematic argument has been made to date on the ordinary meaning of words, context, object and purpose of Article 1A(2) of the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees as it applies to stateless refugees. This is an important question because the absence of determination procedures and a protection regime specifically for stateless persons in many jurisdictions makes refugee and/or complementary protection the only options. This article examines existing landmark judicial decisions worldwide, relevant UN documents, and academic writing on whether arbitrary deprivation of nationality, either on its own or when taken with other forms of harm, amounts to persecution within the meaning of Article 1A(2) of the 1951 Refugee Convention, and if so on what grounds. It concludes by suggesting when (arbitrary) deprivation of nationality should lead to a finding of persecution, based on good practice, and points to a global consensus on a new rights perspective concerning nationality.

scholarly journals Granice władztwa planistycznego przy uchwalaniu miejscowego planu zagospodarowania przestrzennego

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-26
Author(s):  
Sławomir Zwolak
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Individual Property ◽  
The Public ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
Potential Abuse ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Planning Authority

The considerations of the article focus on the planning power exercised by a municipality as a unilateral and authoritative determination of the purpose of the land and its development. The municipality in the capacity of a planning au­thority cannot assume an absolute and unlimited power and must act within the limits determined by applicable and binding laws. Hence, in the implementation of its land development tasks, the municipality (or local authorities) are bound by the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and other relevant laws that govern the planning authority granted to municipalities. Exceeding the limits of this planning power will occur when planning solutions prove to be arbitrary and lack substantive justification. Defective legal solutions include not only solutions that violate the law, but also those that result from a potential abuse of the competence of the municipality. Determining the land purpose and the manner of its management must reflect a reasonable and real need for the solution adopted. When the latter is detached from the legal and factual status of the land in question, a violation of planning power arises. When a municipality adopts a local plan which introduces certain restrictions in the use of the property right that is protected in the Constitution, it is obliged to apply legal measures that will be the least onerous for individual entities and which will remain in a rational proportion to the intended purposes. However, certain situations that will lead to the conflict of interests are unavoidable. Settling these conflicts in the process of law-making requires, each time, the weighing off the interests of individual property owners and the public interest of the whole local community. Individual owners may sue the municipal planning authority on the grounds of the abuse of its planning power when adopting a local land management plan and such legal actions may be effective.

scholarly journals Determination of Arsenic Content in Different Brands of Rice Sold in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 437-443
Author(s):  
Waribo, Helen Anthony ◽  
George, Daye Mandy ◽  
Selbut, Selchak Danjuma
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Mean Concentration

Arsenic, a naturally occurring element seen in the environment and cycled by water has been seen to be a pollutant in soil, water and air. The inorganic form of arsenic is associated with major health problems and cancer mainly arising due to its anthropogenic activities. The content of arsenic was assayed in six rice brands sold in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The rice samples were ground to powdered forms and subjected to acid digestion before analysis. The Agilent Micro Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer (MP-AES) was used to analyze the digested samples. Results showed mean arsenic concentration in Vico Rice, the highest as 1.0073. This was followed by Local Rice 0.9420, Marori Benz 0.9140, Golden Stallion Rice 0.861 and the Cap Rice 0.8077 while the least mean concentration of arsenic was recorded in African Princess Rice 0.6417, all in mg/kg. The mean concentration was significantly different in the six brands of rice (P<0.05). The arsenic content in the different rice brand was within the tolerable concentration of 1.4 mg/kg as in cereals and vegetables. This concentration did not exceed the Maximum Permissible Limit of 1 mg/kg hence considered safe for consumption except Vico rice with a higher concentration above 1 mg/kg. This shows that rice brands sold in Port Harcourt pose no health risk for consumers with respect to arsenic content.

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