scholarly journals Study of thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemia in chronic kidney diseases

Author(s):  
S. K. Tripathy ◽  
N. Dhal ◽  
M. Kanungo ◽  
S. Das ◽  
S. K. Mishra ◽  
...  

Background: Though there are many studies on thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemia in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), no study is conclusive. Aim of this study was to correlate abnormalities in thyroid function and lipid profile with the severity of renal failure and also to observe the difference of these abnormalities between patients on conservative management verses hemodialysis.Methods: Hundred consecutive CKD cases admitted to Medicine Department were taken up for the study. They were divided into two groups as Group-A [on conservative management] and Group-B [on regular Hemodialysis (HD)]. Hundred healthy persons were taken as control in Group-C. After evaluation of thyroid function and lipid profile statistical analysis was done by students t-test, chi-square and regression analysis.Results: Hundred CKD cases with 74% male (n=74) and 26% female (n=26) in a M: F ratio of 2.9:1 were found to be in different stages CKD (0, 2, 20, 28 and 50 in stage-1 to stage-5 respectively). In 50 cases of stage-5 CKD, 30 were on HD and 20 on conservative management. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (40%) was the commonest etiology of CKD followed by Hypertension (HTN), obstructive uropathy, chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Thyromegaly was not found in a single case. In all CKD cases (Group-A+B) TT3 (TT3) was significantly low (P =0.0011) when compared with control (Group-C) and no difference was found between Group-A and Group-B. Fall in TT3 worsened with increasing severity of CKD. Lipid profile study revealed Decreased High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDLc) and increased Triglyceride (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDLc), TC/HDLc and LDLc/HDLc in Group-A than Group-B but only TG and TC increase was statistically significant. The levels of TG and TC and TC/HDLc increased as the stage of CKD progressed and was statistically significant (P= 0.035).Conclusions: There occurs a state of biochemical hypothyroidism without overt clinical hypothyroid state in CKD, the extent of which correlates with the severity of CKD. Increased cardiovascular complications occur due to accelerated atherosclerosis in CKD. This study confirmed that atherogenic lipid profile and thyroid dysfunction worsen with the progression of disease. Difference between patients on conservative management and HD was not found.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 2980-2987
Author(s):  
Navjot Kaur Layal ◽  
Tejinder Sikri ◽  
Jaskiran Kaur ◽  
Jasmine Kaur ◽  
Hardeep Singh Deep

BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) includes a spectrum of different pathophysiology processes associated with abnormal kidney function, and a progressive decline in GFR. Progression of CKD is associated with having a number of complications, including thyroid dysfunction, dyslipidaemia, and cardiovascular diseases. METHODS The present study was conducted among 60 CKD patients (cases) and 60 healthy controls to compare their thyroid and lipid profile, who attended the Department of Medicine in SGRDIMSR, Sri Amritsar from January 2019 to December 2020.These 60 CKD patients were grouped as group A. Group A was further divided into various stages as per KIDGO staging according to GFR. 60 healthy individuals were taken as controls and were kept as Group B. Demographic features (age and sex) and medical history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension were noted and blood samples (5mL) were analysed for blood urea, serum creatinine, free triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglycerides. RESULTS Thyroid dysfunction was observed in patients of CKD, the most common being overt hypothyroidism (56.6 %) followed by subclinical hypothyroidism (16.6 %), low T3 (15 %), and hyperthyroidism (1.6 %). Hypercholesterolemia, low HDL, elevated LDL, VLDL and triglyceride levels were observed in 74.9 %, 85.0 %, 38.3 %, 41.6 % and 76.6 % patients, respectively. Patients with CKD with 5 had significantly higher risk of having thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidaemia as compared to patients with stage 3 and 4. CONCLUSIONS Thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidaemia were common in patients with CKD. Prevalence of hypothyroidism, dyslipidaemia increases with progression of CKD. Hence early detection of thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidaemia is imperative to improve mortality and morbidity of CKD patients. KEYWORDS Chronic Kidney Disease, Dyslipidaemia, Thyroid Dysfunction


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Most Sumona Akter ◽  
Md Abu Yousuf ◽  
Md Yousuf Ali ◽  
Most Mahfuja Khatun ◽  
Sukumar Saha ◽  
...  

Ground nut is one of the commonly used decorative nutritious relish seed around the world. Ground nut have hypocholesterolamic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-atherosclerotic, immune-modulatory and bacterial counting effects. In Bangladesh, limited research has so far been performed on the action of ground nut in biological system and its comparative efficacy with commercialized drugs that reduce blood cholesterol. The aim of this study was carried on the effects of PUFA on blood total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) and against artificial inoculation (I/N) Staphylococcus aureus infection of experimental rat by feeding of ground nut. A total of fifteen long Evans rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used for this study. The rats were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=5) and numbered as A, B and C. Group A (control), Group B (50gm ground nut/ day/group), group C (100 gm ground nut/day/group). All groups were supplied with standard broiler pellet and fresh drinking water throughout the experimental period (January to June /2012). The blood samples were collected directly from the heart at the 1st and 60th day for biochemical test (TC, LDL, HDL and TG) and test was performed as per Memorial Diagnostic Centre, Charpara, Mymensingh. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in nutrient broth and 100 µl of their culture was inoculated into the rats through intranasal route. Among all the treated groups, the rats of group C exhibited the lowest TC value, TG and LDL and reduced blood cholesterol significantly than (control group A) followed by group B. In bacteriological examinations, it was found that the number of bacterial colony lowest in group C in comparison with the group of A and B. From the present experiment, it can be assumed that PUFA has significant effect on blood lipid profile and against bacterial infection.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 235-243


1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kagan ◽  
Eti Elimalech ◽  
Zvi Lerner ◽  
Aaron Fink ◽  
Yaacov Bar-Khayim

Objective To determine whether lipoprotein abnormalities associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) are influenced by residual renal function (RRF). Design Open, non randomized prospective and com -parative study. Setting Single university teaching hospital dialysis unit and outpatient clinic. Patients Twenty adult patients on standard CAPD (1 -38 months) were divided into two groups: group A (RRF ≤ 0.8 mL/min, n = 10) and group B (RRF ≥ 1.1 mL/ min, n = 10). Patients in the two groups were matched for age, time on dialysis, body weight, body mass index, serum urea and albumin levels, peritoneal and urinary albumin losses, and peritoneal transport characteristics such as overnight 8hour peritoneal creatinine and β2-microglobulin clearances and overnight 8-hour effluent glucose concentrations. Results The degree of uremia in patients with preserved RRF (group B) was obviously lower than in patients with negligible RRF (group A), that is, patients in group B had significantly lower serum creatinine and β2-microglobulin levels and significantly higher weekly KTN than group A patients. Despite the prevalence of allele 4 of apolipoprotein E genotype in group A patients, their levels of serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) were significantly lower than those of patients with preserved RRF (group B). The two groups did not differ significantly in the serum levels of triglyceride or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Serum concentrations of Lp(a) and ApoA1, as well as ratios of ApoA1 to ApoB, were correlated significantly with RRF (r = 0.63, r = 0.51, and r = 0.61, respectively). Conclusions The findings suggest that RRF affects the lipid profile of CAPD patients, especially serum levels of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins.


Author(s):  
Sheena Chopra ◽  
Sangeeta Pahwa

Background: Preeclampsia is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome and is a major cause of the fetomaternal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed at finding the role of lipid profile and uterine artery Doppler as a reliable predictor of risk of preeclampsia in early second trimester.Methods: This study is conducted in the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital, Amritsar. Lipid profile and Uterine artery doppler is estimated in 100 antenatal women from 14-20 weeks of period of gestation who met the inclusion criteria and are followed up till delivery or till preeclampsia sets in.Results: Out of 100 subjects 74 remained normotensive (Group A) and 26 developed preeclampsia (Group B). The mean serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) was significantly higher in Group B as compared to group A women. The Preeclamptic women showed significant fall in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) level as compared to normal pregnant women. The mean S/D ratio, PI and RI values of uterine artery Doppler were higher for group B and were statistically significant.Conclusions: The combined predictive value of lipid profile and uterine artery Doppler for estimating risk of preeclampsia was more reliable than of any of the test individually.


Author(s):  
Dr. Vinod Kumar ◽  
Dr. S.L. Mathur ◽  
Dr. Rajat Kumar Tuteja

Background: Thyroid function regulates a wide array of metabolic parameters. Thyroid function significantly affects lipoprotein metabolism as well as some cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, thus influencing overall CDV risk. Methods: A cross sectional study has been conducted to assess the association of subclinical hypothyroidism and overt hypothyroidism with lipid abnormalities. Results: Serum HDL cholesterol in group A was 37.97±7.97 mg/dl, that  in group B was 37.62±6.67 mg/dl, while in group C it was 36.27±5.79 mg/dl. Serum LDL cholesterol in group A was 150.9±29.70 mg/dl, that  in group B was 115.2±22.02 mg/dl, while in group C  it was 93.07±19.88 mg/dl. Serum total cholesterol in group A was 223±32.69 mg/dl, that in group B was 179.67±27.50 mg/dl, while in group C it was 152.4±21.47 mg/dl. Serum VLDL cholesterol in group A was 34.12±11.06 mg/dl, that in group B was 26.85±4.01 mg/dl, while in group C it was 23.05±3.09 mg/dl. Serum VLDL cholesterol in group A was 167.42±47.83 mg/dl, that in group B was 134.37±20.22 mg/dl, while in group C it was 115.17±15.66 mg/dl. Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction can have an important effect on lipid profile. Biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction is critical in all dyslipidemic patients, as well as in all patients with unexpected improvement or worsening of their lipid profile. Keywords: LDL,HDL,Cholesterol.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidozie N. OKOYE ◽  
Samuel O. EKERE ◽  
Onyinyechukwu A. AGINA ◽  
Ikechukwu J. UDEANI ◽  
Chukwunonso K. EZEASOR

The present study evaluated the effect of whole egg consumption on the liver, testes, cauda epididymal sperm reserve and lipid profile of male rats. These evaluations were carried out on adult twenty (20) male albino rats, which were randomly selected into four groups of 5 rats each, designated groups A, B, C and D. Group A was the control group and received only equivalent volume of distilled water, while groups B, C and D received 0.25mg/kg, 0.5mg/kg; and 1.0mg/kg body weight of the quail egg respectively. Standard procedures were carried out in the tissue processing, cauda epididymal sperm reserve and in lipid profile determinations. On days 35 and 49, the mean serum total cholesterol value of group D was significantly lower than that of the control group. On day 35, the mean serum low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL cholesterol) values of all the treatment groups were significantly lower and higher than that of the control group, respectively. However, on days 49 and 63, the mean serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL cholesterol) and triglyceride values of all the treatment groups were significantly higher than that of the control group. A significant increase in cadual epididymal sperm count (CESR) was recorded on day 63 at the mid and high doses. No obvious pathological lesions were observed in the histomorphology of the testes and liver when compared to the control. Therefore, whole quail egg consumption caused an increase in serum triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein concentration, and also improved fertility. In other words, prolonged consumption of quail egg should be done with caution as it may predispose one to cardiovascular disease.


2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Groussard ◽  
Myriam Rouchon-Isnard ◽  
Céline Coutard ◽  
Fanny Romain ◽  
Ludivine Malardé ◽  
...  

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), oxidative stress (OS) plays a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. This pilot program aimed to determine whether an intradialytic aerobic cycling training protocol, by increasing physical fitness, could reduce OS and improve other CKD-related disorders such as altered body composition and lipid profile. Eighteen hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to either an intradialytic training (cycling: 30 min, 55%–60% peak power, 3 days/week) group (EX; n = 8) or a control group (CON; n = 10) for 3 months. Body composition (from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), physical fitness (peak oxygen uptake and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT)), lipid profile (triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)), and pro/antioxidant status (15-F2α-isoprostanes (F2-IsoP) and oxidized LDL in plasma; superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced/oxidized glutathione in erythrocytes) were determined at baseline and 3 months later. The intradialytic training protocol did not modify body composition but had significant effects on physical fitness, lipid profile, and pro/antioxidant status. Indeed, at 3 months: (i) performance on the 6MWT was increased in EX (+23.4%, p < 0.001) but did not change in CON, (ii) plasma TG were reduced in EX (–23%, p < 0.03) but were not modified in CON, and (iii) plasma F2-IsoP concentrations were lower in EX than in CON (–35.7%, p = 0.02). In conclusion, our results show that 30 min of intradialytic training, 3 times per week for 3 months, are enough to exert beneficial effects on the most sensitive and reliable marker of lipid peroxidation (IsoP) while improving CKD-associated disorders (lipid profile and physical fitness). Intradialytic aerobic cycling training represents a useful and easy strategy to reduce CKD-associated disorders. These results need to be confirmed with a larger randomized study.


Author(s):  
Hymavathi K. Reddy ◽  
Vineela P. ◽  
Bhargavi M. Chowdary

Background: A comparative study of serum lipid profile and magnesium levels in normal pregnancy versus preeclampsia (PE).Methods: A prospective study done for 2 years (October 2014 to October 2016) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Narayana medical college and hospital, a tertiary care centre, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. A sample size of 200 pregnant women, recruited and divided into group A and B. group A being women with PE and group B is normal pregnant women.A10ml of venous blood was collected in the fasting state and serum collected from clotted blood to measure lipid profile, magnesium, Apo lipoprotein A-I and Apo lipoprotein B 100.Serum Lipid profile  measured by enzymatic method using commercially available kit Human (GmbH Germany) using humastar 600 chemistry analyzer (Human GmbH Germany). Serum magnesium measured by dye binding method using commercially available kit Human (GmbH Germany) using Humastar 600 chemistry analyzer (Human GmbH Germany). Serum ApoA-I and ApoB were measured by immune-turbidometry using commercial kits from Spinreact Spain. Urine albumin done by dipstick method.Results: Serum total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), Apo lipoprotein B 100 (Apo B100) were high and serum Magnesium, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and Apo lipoprotein A1(Apo A1) were low in the study group (group A) compared to controls (group B).Conclusions: Abnormal lipid profile (low HDL and increased TG concentration) and serum hypomagnesaemia may be contributing etiologies of preeclampsia, having good predictive value as a screening procedure for PE in high risk pregnant population.


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921984406
Author(s):  
Tao Zheng ◽  
Qingyun Zhou ◽  
Zhe Chen ◽  
Qinning Wang

The study aimed to study the correlation between expression levels of interleukin-37 (IL-37), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in peripheral blood and the status of atherosclerosis (AS) and plaque stability and to confirm the clinical significance of these inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of AS. A total of 64 AS patients (case group) were selected and divided into unstable plaque group (group A, 28 cases) and stable plaque group (group B, 36 cases) according to the color ultrasonography results of arterial vessels. At the same time, 30 healthy subjects were classified into the control group. General information of the enrolled subjects was collected, including levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), CRP, and homocysteine (Hcy). The expression levels of IL-37 and GM-CSF in the serum of peripheral blood samples collected from these subjects were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was no significant difference between the case group and the control group in the levels of TC, TG, HDL, and LDL ( P > 0.05). However, the expression level of Hcy in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of IL-37, GM-CSF, and CRP in the case group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05). In addition, compared with group B, the expression level of GM-CSF in group A was significantly increased ( P < 0.05), while no significant difference was detected between group A and group B in the expression levels of IL-37 and CRP ( P > 0.05). In conclusion, inflammatory factors IL-37, GM-CSF, CRP, and Hcy were all involved in the pathogenesis of AS, and the increased levels of GM-CSF were closely related to the progress of unstable plaques. These results may aid the early diagnosis/treatment of AS.


Author(s):  
Asia Parveen ◽  
Khan Farooq ◽  
Fatima Arshad ◽  
Modasrah Mazhar ◽  
Nureen Zahra ◽  
...  

Background/ Aim: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) has been a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. It could be responsible for several complications like hemodilution, altered lipid metabolism and deficiencies of different minerals in body. Although the causes of Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) remains indistinct. The aim of our present study was to evaluate the changes in magnesium serum levels and lipid profile in hypertensive and normotensive pregnant women. Materials and Methods: An analytical case control study comprising 60 individuals was designed. From which 30 normotensive pregnant women served as control group (A) and 30 pregnancy induced hypertensive women served as case group (B). Patients with pre-existing hypertension were excluded. Results: The independent t-test was used for comparison of various parameters between group A and B. Triacylglycerol (TAG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly high in PIH (B) as compare to normotensive group (A). Mean serum values of TG were measured as (195.73 ± 70.28 vs 156.27 ± 55.60 mg dL-1) and LDL-C vs control (87.33 ± 37.74 vs 69.45 ± 28.58 mg dL-1) in PIH and normotensive groups respectively. HDL-C in PIH vs Control (47.40±1.12 vs 54.43 ±1.27 mg dL-1) and Mg+2 PIH vs control (1.36±0.07 vs 1.94±0.35 mg dL-1) were measured respectively. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and magnesium Mg+2 levels were significantly reduced in PIH. Conclusion: The lower serum magnesium levels and abnormal lipids profile may indicate their possible role as risk factors in the development of PIH in pregnant women. Hence initial diagnosis of hypomagnesemia in PIH cases may help in minimizing the complications and development of new cure strategies.


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