scholarly journals Diagnostic efficacy of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in lung malignancies

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhra Tayal ◽  
Chandrashekhar P. Bhale
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Flexible Fiber ◽  
Bronchial Brushing ◽  
Lung Malignancies ◽  
Atypical Cells ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Lung malignancies are the leading cause of cancer related deaths in men and in women it has surpassed even breast cancer. With the development of flexible fiber-optic bronchoscope, respiratory cytology has newer approach as samples like bronchial washings, bronchial brushings, bronchoalveolar lavage and trans-bronchial needle aspirations could be collected from the respiratory tract, yielding significant amount of cytological material.Methods: A prospective study conducted in department of pathology in MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad during a period from November 2015 to October 2017. 48samples of bronchoalveolar lavage received and patient data collected.Results: About 48 cases included in the study comprised of 23 (47.92%) malignancies, 16 (33.34%) DLDs and 9 (18%) cases of tuberculosis. In our study, 23 cases of malignancy included 15 male and 8 female patients (male:female ratio= 1.87). Mean age for malignancy was 57.57 years with median age of 60 years. Among 23 cases of malignancies 11 were given as positive/suspicious/atypical cells on BAL, whereas 10 out of 11 bronchial brushing were given as positive/suspicious or suggestive of malignancy.Conclusions: Bronchoalveolar lavage is useful procedure. Efficacy of BAL is increased when used in combination with bronchial brushing.

scholarly journals Benign Pairs: A Significant Entity in Aspiration Cytology Smears from Breast Lesions

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. CPath.S13273
Author(s):  
Monika Rathi ◽  
Pooja Kala ◽  
Atul Gupta ◽  
Satish Kumar Budania ◽  
Harshkiran Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ductal Cells ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a reliable diagnostic tool used to diagnose breast lesions preoperatively. However, FNAC is also associated with diagnostic pitfalls. Further studies are needed to improve its diagnostic efficacy. We noticed ovoid, bare nuclei arranged in closely touching diads (benign pairs) in a significant number of cytology smears. This prompted us to assess their diagnostic utility. Materials and Methods This was a prospective study conducted in Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, India. Quantitative estimation of benign pairs per 1000 ductal cells in at least 20 high power field was attempted in cytology smears of 128 cases. Results The average number of pairs in benign and malignant lesions was calculated as 7.07 ∓ 5.96 and 0.28 ∓ 0.78, respectively. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the number of pairs in benign and malignant cases ( P < 0.0005). Conclusions Quantitative estimation of benign pairs is helpful in distinguishing benign from malignant cases.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Efficacy of Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Tracheobronchial Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Sun ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Bronchial Brushing ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampin (MTB/RIF) assay has shown good diagnostic efficacy in brushing and biopsy tissue samples from patients with tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB). However, its diagnostic value in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is still unclear. Therefore, the present retrospective study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in BALF.Methods: The clinical data of 266 patients with suspected TBTB from January 2018 to October 2020 were pooled with complete details of bronchial brush and bronchoalveolar lavage samples. Smears of the bronchial brushings were stained with Auramine O stain to detect acid-fast bacilli (AFB), and BALF samples were used for culturing MTB with the BACTEC MGIT 960 system and the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. The diagnostic performance of these methods was assessed and compared.Results: A total of 266 patients suspected to have TBTB were enrolled in the final analysis. Of these patients, 179 patients were confirmed to have TBTB and 87 patients were non-TBTB. The sensitivity of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in BALF (87.2%) was significantly higher than that of the brush smear for AFB (35.2%, p &lt; 0.001). No significant difference was observed between the sensitivities of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in BALF and MTB culture in BALF (87.2 vs. 84.9%, p = 0.542). The specificities of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in BALF, MTB culture in BALF, and the bronchial brush smear were 97.7, 97.7, and 98.9%, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in BALF, MTB culture in BALF, and the bronchial brush smear were 98.7 and 78.7%, 98.7 and 75.9%, and 98.4 and 42.6%, respectively. Among the MTB culture-positive patients with TBTB detected by the Xpert assay, 27.0% (20/74) were identified to be resistant to RIF.Conclusions: The Xpert MTB/RIF assay in BALF enables a rapid and accurate diagnosis of TBTB and identification of RIF resistance, which is crucial for timely and proper treatment. Moreover, in patients with TBTB, BALF could be used as an alternative to bronchial brushing and biopsy tissues for the Xpert MTB/RIF assay.

Postmastectomy hypofractionation comparison with conventional radiotherapy in breast cancer patients: A prospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Asmaa Abo Agag ◽  
Mohammed S ◽  
Al Sayed Hassan ◽  
Magdy Abdel Majid ◽  
Mohmed Gaber
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Conventional Radiotherapy ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals A multicenter, hospital-based and non-inferiority study for diagnostic efficacy of automated whole breast ultrasound for breast cancer in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujing Xin ◽  
Xinyuan Zhang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Yanan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractThis study is the first multi-center non-inferiority study that aims to critically evaluate the effectiveness of HHUS/ABUS in China breast cancer detection. This was a multicenter hospital-based study. Five hospitals participated in this study. Women (30–69 years old) with defined criteria were invited for breast examination by HHUS, ABUS or/and mammography. For BI-RADS category 3, an additional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test was provided to distinguish the true negative results from false negative results. For women classified as BI-RADS category 4 or 5, either core aspiration biopsy or surgical biopsy was done to confirm the diagnosis. Between February 2016 and March 2017, 2844 women signed the informed consent form, and 1947 of them involved in final analysis (680 were 30 to 39 years old, 1267 were 40 to 69 years old).For all participants, ABUS sensitivity (91.81%) compared with HHUS sensitivity (94.70%) with non-inferior Z tests, P = 0.015. In the 40–69 age group, non-inferior Z tests showed that ABUS sensitivity (93.01%) was non-inferior to MG sensitivity (86.02%) with P < 0.001 and HHUS sensitivity (95.44%) was non-inferior to MG sensitivity (86.02%) with P < 0.001. Sensitivity of ABUS and HHUS are all superior to that of MG with P < 0.001 by superior test.For all participants, ABUS specificity (92.89%) was non-inferior to HHUS specificity (89.36%) with P < 0.001. Superiority test show that specificity of ABUS was superior to that of HHUS with P < 0.001. In the 40–69 age group, ABUS specificity (92.86%) was non-inferior to MG specificity (91.68%) with P < 0.001 and HHUS specificity (89.55%) was non-inferior to MG specificity (91.68%) with P < 0.001. ABUS is not superior to MG with P = 0.114 by superior test. The sensitivity of ABUS/HHUS is superior to that of MG. The specificity of ABUS/HHUS is non-inferior to that of MG. In China, for an experienced US radiologist, both HHUS and ABUS have better diagnostic efficacy than MG in symptomatic individuals.

scholarly journals Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1α (SDF-1α) in Invasive Breast Cancer: Associations with Vasculo-Angiogenic Factors and Prognostic Significance

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Zarychta ◽  
Barbara Ruszkowska-Ciastek ◽  
Kornel Bielawski ◽  
Piotr Rhone
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Invasive Breast Cancer ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Stromal Cell Derived Factor ◽  
A Prospective Study

(1) Background: Tumour angiogenesis is critical for the progression of neoplasms. A prospective study was designed to examine the utility of stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) and selected vasculo-angiogenic parameters for estimating the probability of disease relapse in 84 primary, operable invasive breast cancer (IBrC) patients (40 (48%) with stage IA and 44 (52%) with stage IIA and IIB). (2) Methods: We explored the prognostic value of the plasma levels of SDF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), the soluble forms of VEGF receptors type 1 and 2, and the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (circulating EPCs) in breast cancer patients. The median follow-up duration was 58 months, with complete follow-up for the first event. (3) Results: According to ROC curve analysis, the optimal cut-off point for SDF-1α (for discriminating between patients at high and low risk of relapse) was 42 pg/mL, providing 57% sensitivity and 75% specificity. Kaplan–Meier curves for disease-free survival (DFS) showed that concentrations of SDF-1α lower than 42 pg/dL together with a VEGFR1 lower than 29.86 pg/mL were significantly associated with shorter DFS in IBrC patients (p = 0.0381). Patients with both SDF-1α lower than 42 pg/dL and a number of circulating EPCs lower than 9.68 cells/µL had significantly shorter DFS (p = 0.0138). (4) Conclusions: Our results imply the clinical usefulness of SDF-1α, sVEGFR1 and the number of circulating EPCs as prognostic markers for breast cancer in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Effect of physical activity levels on oncological breast surgery recovery: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifat Klein ◽  
Leonid Kalichman ◽  
Noy Chen ◽  
Sergio Susmallian
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Breast Cancer Surgery ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Axillary Web Syndrome ◽  
Function Range ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAfter breast cancer (BC) surgery, women may experience a physical decline. The effect of physical activity (PA) on the course of recovery after BC surgery has not yet been thoroughly examined. To analyze the impact of physical activity performed by women undergoing breast cancer surgery on measures of function, range of motion, and self-efficacy. A prospective study was carried out in 157 patients who underwent surgery for BC between October 2018 and April 2019, divided into four groups according to the intensity of PA with 6 months follow-up. 50 sedentary patients and 107 active patients were enrolled; the mean age was 52.6. Women who performed physical activity, moderate to vigorous, demonstrated lower function disabilities (QuickDASH 2.22) compared with inactivity or light physical activity (QuickDASH 7.0, p < 0.001), with better shoulder flexion (159.0° vs. 150.7°, p = 0.007) and abduction (159.5° vs. 152.2°, p = 0.008). Higher PA levels, displayed in higher self-efficacy reports (9.5 vs. 8.8, p = 0.002), and return to prior job status (0.005). The PA level does not influence pain at one, three and 6 months postoperatively (p = 0.278, p = 0.304 and p = 0.304 respectively). High PA levels increase the risk of axillary web syndrome (p = 0.041), although, it reduces the incidence of chronic pain (p = 0.007). Women who practice physical activity recover better from BC surgery than sedentary women. The higher the intensity and frequency of training, the better the results. Vigorous activity cause axillary web syndrome, despite, it has a beneficial effect on lowering the rate of chronic pain.

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