scholarly journals A community based study on dengue awareness and preventive practices among urban slum population in Hyderabad, South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Pavani Varma ◽  
Anu Mohandas ◽  
Snigdha Pattnaik ◽  
Balakrishna N. ◽  
Kumar Kranthi G.
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
School Level ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Dengue is identified as public health problem due to its rapid spread throughout the world. In India raising trend of dengue cases in monsoon is being observed. Objectives were to determine the level of awareness regarding dengue fever and practice of preventive measures and its association with socio-demographic factors; and to find out the association between awareness and practice of preventive measures.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 150 residents of urban slum area, Shaikpet. Mean scores of awareness and practices were found and with a cut off >60% categorized as good. Chi-square test was used to find association with socio-demographic factors. Logistic regression was done for risk estimation.Results: The awareness regarding dengue fever was only 22.7% with a mean score, 8.1 (SD=3.74). Good practices were shown by 55.3% with a mean score of 10.7 (SD=5). Among those who were aware majority belonged to higher educational level (p=0.048). A significant difference was observed between income and occupation with practices. A positive correlation was found between awareness and practices in dengue fever (r=0.511, p<0.001). Females (OR=2.5) and school level education (OR=3.4) were predictors of poor awareness while professionals and low income were predictors of poor practices (p<0.05).Conclusions: Better aware people were found to practice preventive measures. So, grass root level workers can provide health education among households focusing on behaviour change, regarding preventive measures. Appropriate use of information, education and communication through mass media and social network will be beneficial.

scholarly journals A study of prevalence of hypertension and socio-demographic factors in urban slum, Maharashtra

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam B. Sawase ◽  
Sunayana G. Kumthekar ◽  
Shweta N. Salphale ◽  
Mohan K. Doibale
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Hypertension is the commonest cardiovascular disorder, posting a major public health problem of the world and especially to population in socio-economic and epidemiological transition. Around 7.5 million deaths or 12.8% of the total of all annual deaths worldwide occur due to high blood pressure. It is predicted to be increased to 1.56 billion adults with hypertension in 2025. In India there is 24-30% of prevalence of hypertension in urban areas and 12-14% in rural areas. The objectives of the study were to find out the prevalence of hypertension in study population of 18 years and above and to study some socio-demographic factors affecting hypertension.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out in urban slum area, under urban field practice area of a Govt. Medical College & hospital. Sample size of 360 participants of age more than 18 yrs residing in study area taken. Data collected by using systematic random sampling by house to house visit. A semi-structured & pretested questionnaire used to interview the patients after obtaining their consent. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Appropriate statistical tests were applied.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 30.5%. Out of 360 subjects, 47 (13%) found elevated hypertensive. Out of 110 hypertensive population nearly 53 (48%) were in older age group, nearly 60 (55%) were illiterate and 53 (48%) were unskilled workers out of 110 was found statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension found to be 30.5%. Some socio-demographic factors like age, sex, education, occupation were statistically significant (p<0.05).

scholarly journals Menstrual characteristics and its association with socio-demographic factors and nutritional status: a study among the urban slum adolescent girls of West Bengal, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Samanta ◽  
Joyeeta Thakur ◽  
Monali Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Peak Discharge ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Menstrual Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Menstrual health is one of the major areas of concern in reproductive health, and affects a large number of women throughout their reproductive life from adolescence. Menstruation is a biological phenomenon imbued with social-cultural, nutritional and personal significance. The present study aims to focus on the menstrual characteristics and its association with socio-demographic factors and nutritional status among the urban slum adolescent girls of North 24 Parganas district, West Bengal. This community-based study was conducted among a group of 90 Bengali speaking Hindu adolescent girls aged between 16 to 18 years. A pre-tested structured schedule was used to collect detailed information about the socio-economic conditions and menstrual characteristics. All anthropometric measurements were taken using the standard procedures. Results of the study revealed that underweight girls attained menarche comparatively in later age (12.67±1.23) than that of healthy and overweight girls. Mean length of the menstrual cycle, mean duration of menstrual bleeding and mean number of days of peak discharge were maximum among the girls whose BMI was below 5th percentile, i.e. underweight. Majority of the underweight (75%) and healthy (50%) girls experienced heavy discharge during their menstrual days. Disorders like premenstrual syndrome (PMS) (78.8%) and dysmenorrhea (85.5%) were the major prevalent menstrual problems among these girls and occurrence of the symptoms of these disorders significantly varied based on their BMI. A highly significant difference (p<0.01) was found among underweight, healthy and overweight girls in terms of duration of menstrual bleeding, mean number of days of peak discharge and occurrences of PMS. Result of linear regression and step wise logistic regression (backward elimination) shows that various socio-economic and anthropometric variables are the influential predictors of menstrual characteristics like duration of menstrual discharge, cycle length, days of peak discharge as well as menstrual problems like cycle irregularity and heavy flow (p<0.05). Therefore, the present study unwraps a podium to focus on the menstrual health issues of the adolescent girls and enforce health education as well as instigates nutritional intervention programme to fortify the existing menstrual health status.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the roles of HIV co-infection and socio-demographic factors as determinants of Quality of Life among Nigerians with Tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Peter J Olagunju ◽  
Olukemi O Odukoya ◽  
Andrew T Olagunju ◽  
Mobolanle R Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Tuberculosis [TB] remains a major global public health problem, and particularly in resource-restricted settings with disproportionately high burden. This study is aimed at assessing quality of life [QoL] and the roles of HIV co-infection along with socio-demographic factors on QoL among subjects with TB.Methodology: This is a multi-center cross-sectional study among 440 participants recruited by multi-stage sampling technique across 40 Directly Observed Treatment Short-course [DOTS] centres. Interviews were done using designed questionnaire to collect information on socio-demographic and clinical details of respondents. Subsequently, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF [WHOQOL-BREF] questionnaire was used to evaluate QoL.Results: Most (61.1%) of the participants was aged between 21 and 40 years, 61.6% were married and 74.5% had a paid job. Majority of the subjects reported fair QoL across all domains. Employment status and monthly income were significantly associated with participants overall QoL and their satisfaction with health (p<0.05). Also, age, gender, marital status, ethnicity and educational status were significantly associated with the social domain of QoL. The HIV co-infection was found to be significantly associated with the physical aspect of their QoL (p<0.05).Conclusion: Optimal treatment of HIV co-infection and incorporation of psychosocial medicine into TB management are indicated for improved QoL. Similarly, routine assessment of QoL is desirable.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(1) 2018 p.21-29

scholarly journals Study of Some Sociodemographic Factors in Teenage Pregnancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamrun Nessa ◽  
Mossammat Zebunnesa ◽  
Nahla Bari ◽  
Adnan Bin Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Teen Mothers ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Group A ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Group B

Background: Teen age pregnancy is associated with adverse labour outcome. Analysis of teenage pregnancy shown it was related to a range of social back ground, family and individual factors. Objective: To study the socio demographic factors related to teenage pregnancy and its complications. Methods: A cross sectional observational study was performed over a period of one year (September 2009- August 2010) at the obstetrics department of Chittagong Medical College Hospital. Consecutive six hundred pregnant mothers admitted for delivery that were fulfilled inclusion criteria included in study group. Among them 300 were teen aged (13- 19yrs) belongs to group A and 300 were adult (20-29 yrs) belongs to group B. Socio demographic factors like habitation, religion, family income, education, occupation, contraceptive use, pregnancy plan and antenatal care enquired. Labour complications i.e. prolong or obstructed, fetal distress, mode of delivery, stillbirth, birth weight and birth asphyxia was recorded on a preformed questionnaire and statistical analysis done by using SPSS package for windows version 12. Results: Teenage mother has significant lower mean age at delivery than adults (18.61-+72 vs. 23.87-+ 2.8yrs. P<.001) among teen mothers74% were Muslim, 69% from rural area and slum. 92% were house wife 7.3% service holder and 64.7% had primary education which almost similar as comparison group. Most of the teen mothers from low income group than adult (70% vs.30%).In group A planned pregnancy were (18.7% vs.24.7%) and contraceptive use ( 21.3% vs.72%) which significantly less in comparison to group B. Regular antenatal check up also(10% vs.26%, P<001) less in them. Teen mothers found more anemic (47% vs. 30%). Obstructed labour (14.2% vs. 10.6%) Eclampsia( 3.9% vs.2.1%) and fetal distress (24.2% vs.17.1%) more in A group whereas Prolong labour( 45.5% vs. 55.3%) and Hemorrhage(5.2% vs.14.2%) less in comparison with group B. Caesarean sections and instrumental deliveries significantly higher (59.3% vs.48.7%,) & (6% vs.2.3%) and fetal outcome adverse in teen mothers in comparison to adult mothers. Conclusion: Low socioeconomic condition, limited education, religious and cultural factors all appeared to be related with teenage pregnancy and its adverse outcome.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i3.21017

Occupational Stress among Team Leaders Working in IT Companies in Bangalore

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Hemalatha K ◽  
Noopura Sundaresh
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Team Leaders ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

The research aims to measure occupational stress of team leaders working at IT companies in Bangalore. The study also focuses on assessing the levels of occupational stress on four socio demographic factors i.e. age, gender, marital status and working hours. A sample of 100 team leaders working in three different IT companies were studied using occupational stress index by AP Singh and AK Srivastava. The results showed that 52% of the respondents have low occupational stress and 48% of the respondents have high occupational stress. There is no significant difference between male and female executions with respect to occupational stress. The team leaders who are above the age of 30 years tend to experience higher occupational stress than the team leaders who are under the age of 30 years. Team leaders who are divorced have higher occupational stress than the others .Team leaders who work more than 10 hours per day experience higher occupational stress than team leaders who work less than ten hours. Keywords: Occupational stress, team leaders, IT sector

scholarly journals Hepatitis: Knowledge and Awareness among the Infected Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jobayer ◽  
Zeenat Afroz ◽  
Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Nadira Akter ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis Viruses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Infected Population

Hepatitis viruses are serious global public health problem and rapidly spreading in the developing countries due to factors like illiteracy, lack of health education, poverty. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and awareness of hepatitis infected people toward the disease, its consequences, routes of transmission of virus and preventive measures including vaccination. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology of Dhaka Medical Collage, Dhaka, Bangladesh from February to August 2013 among 2254 male jobseekers to Malaysia. History was taken and information was collected from HBsAg and anti-HCV positive persons by a predesigned questionnaire. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in adult population was 2.35% and appears to be on decline and prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection was 0.13% that is still low in Bangladesh. No significant relationship was found between the demographic profile like religion, locality, occupation of the study population and hepatitis infection. In majority of the positive jobseekers, routes of transmission of viruses were not well established. Among infected population about 90% had educational status below secondary level, they were from low income group, and 60% of them were unemployed. Three fourth of them did not have proper knowledge about the disease, only about 10% of them properly knew about routes of transmission of hepatitis viruses and 91% did not have adequate knowledge about the preventive measures including vaccination. Knowledge about hepatitis was poor among infected population and they were not much aware about the disease; so measures should be taken to create awareness among the population about hepatitis and the preventive measures to halt the transmission of such infections.

scholarly journals Awareness On Cervical Cancer and Utilization of Pap-Smear (Papanicolaou) Test Among Adult Women-A Hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Cervical cancer, a major public health problem and stood in the 2nd position among other cancers in women and accounts more than 84% new cases worldwide and more than 85% death from middle and low income countries. It ranks as the 1st most frequent cancer among women of age 15 to 44 years in Nepal. Purpose: To assess the awareness of cervical cancer and screening test and its practice among women in Nepal. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from June 2017 to August 2017 among 409 women at the Gynecology Out Patient Department (OPD) of Helping Hands Community Hospital, Kathmandu. Prior to data collection, necessary ethical approvals were taken from concern authorities and informed consents were taken from the participants. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire with a face-to-face interview. Data were analyzed and presented in the tabular form with the frequency and percentage. To see the significant differences between variables chi square test was used and p value of <0.05 was set as the level of significance. Knowledge related factors were obtained using a Likert scale. Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of the women was 33.52 (9.98) years. Among total respondents, 32.8% heard about cervical cancer and among them, only 13.4 % of them had knowledge of the causative agent the HPV and about 21.1% of them had an idea about the vaccine. Women who had heard about cervical cancer, only 13% had knowledge on the Pap smear test. Among the women who have heard about cervical cancer, only 23.9% of them had experienced on the Pap smear test. Among the women who had knowledge of cervical cancer (134), only 9.7% (13) of them had heard about the HPV vaccine. This study showed that heard about cervical cancer, knowledge on Pap smear test and knowledge of the HPV vaccine are significant difference with the education level of the respondents (p <0.01). Conclusion: Enrollment of women in academic education and adequate information through different media targeting eligible women is needed to raise awareness to change their behaviors to utilize the screening facility.

scholarly journals A study on awareness on tuberculosis among urban slum population of Hyderabad

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4941
Author(s):  
Sai Ram A. ◽  
Rama Krishna M. N. ◽  
Sunil Pal Singh C.
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Data Compilation

Background: Tuberculosis a major public health problem in India with highest burden of cases. India accounts for about 24% of global prevalence, 23% of the global incidence cases and 21% of global TB deaths. Irregular and inappropriate treatment of persons with active TB, unawareness about TB symptoms and treatment course, illiteracy, may be the major hurdles for TB eradication.Methods: A cross sectional, community based study was conducted in urban slum dwellers (n=153). Data compilation and analysis: All the data collected was entered and analyzed with MS excel software 2007 and Epi info 3.5.3. All tests were considered significant at p<0.05 level.Results: 18.3% told that cough+expectoration+evening rise of temperature+weight loss are the signs and symptoms of TB. 55.5% know that it spreads through cough and sneezing mixed with air. 23.5% knows blood examination, sputum examination, x-ray is the mode of diagnosis of TB.Conclusions: Literacy plays major role in creating awareness on TB.

scholarly journals The effects of socio-demographic factors and work-life balance on employees’ emotional exhaustion

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Türker Tuğsal
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

The object of the research is observing the effects of socio-demographic factors and work-life balance on employees’ emotional exhaustion. The sample of the research consists of 261 participants in retailing, education, service, industry and logistics sectors. In line with the theoretical background, proper methods that are hierarchical regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are implemented. The contribution of the research to the existing literature is exploring the relationship between socio-demographic factors, work-life balance and burnout by carrying out the implementation in organizations. Findings of the research demonstrate that the predictor with the highest effect on emotional exhaustion is the variable named taking time for oneself. The predictor with the lowest effect is variable named life is just working. Briefly we can say, it could be argued that emotional exhaustion declines by .398 units should taking time for oneself increases 1 unit. Emotional exhaustion decreases by .223 units whether work-life accordance is changed by 1 unit. Emotional exhaustion drops .196 units should life is just working increases 1 unit. By contrast, when you change neglecting life 1 unit, emotional exhaustion decreases by .202 units. Should carrying work to home changes 1 unit, emotional exhaustion increases by .313 units. To sum up, regarding to marital status, monthly total income and sector; there are significant differences between the groups in the levels of emotional exhaustion of employees. It appears that there is no significant difference between other groups.

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