Incidence of rotaviral and adenoviral diarrhoea amongst children under 5 year of age in a tertiary care centre

Background: Rotavirus and Adenovirus is considered to be an important cause of diarrhoea in under five children and the data is very scarce due to decrease testing. This study was done to estimate the incidence, clinical profile and laboratory features among under five children with diarrhoea.Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted in Chirayu Medical College, Bhopal on children aged between 6 months - 5 years hospitalized with acute non-bloody diarrhea with 30 children in each group.Results: Total 328 children were included in the study out of which 216 were males and 112 were females with a male:female ratio 1.9:1. 92(28%) patients were positive for rotavirus out of which 64(19.5%) were males and 28(8.5%) were females in present study.Conclusions: Rotavirus infection is one of the common etiological agents responsible for diarrohea. Rotavirus infection results in disease burden with morbidity and mortality in children and vaccination is the only control measure to decrease the incidence and mortality in children.

Download Full-text

Study of common clinical types of cutaneous tuberculosis: two years study experience in a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20200596 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 199

Author(s):

Raghu M. T. ◽

Ashwini S. ◽

Yogendra M. ◽

Virupakshappa H. E. ◽

Gangaraju Harish ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Group ◽

Lupus Vulgaris ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cutaneous Tuberculosis ◽

Medical College ◽

Plaque Type ◽

Study Experience ◽

The Common ◽

Work Up

Background: Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) is frequently found worldwide, especially in tropical countries. The number of extrapulmonary TB reaches up to 14%, and 1% to 2% are cutaneous TB. Diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is complicated and requires a full work-up. Clinical manifestation of cutaneous TB is varied and causes difficulties to diagnose. Scrofuloderma and plaque type of lupus vulgaris (LV) are common forms of cutaneous TB.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients attending Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, at Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga over a period of 2 years. A total of 15 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis were diagnosed.Results: A total of 15 cases out of which included predominantly males, with age group being affected commonly are 20-40 decades, histopathology showing tuberculoid granuloma in 11 cases, and common clinical variant being lupus vulgaris seen in 66.6% of the cases and. Second common being scrufuloderma seen in 26.6% of the cases and least common is TB verrucosa cutis (TBVC) seen in 6.6% of the cases.Conclusions: The study showed that the common clinical type of cutaneous tuberculosis during the study period was lupus vulgaris, scrofuloderma and less common being TBVC.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of rotavirus infection and its association with socio-demographic characteristics among under-five children admitted with acute diarrhoea in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

BIRDEM Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/birdem.v11i3.55217 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 186-190

Author(s):

Farjana Binte Habib ◽

Mohammed Mirazur Rahman ◽

Rafaat Choudhury ◽

Tarun Kanti Paul ◽

Md Moynul Haque

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Acute Diarrhoea ◽

Watery Diarrhoea ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rotavirus Infection ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children

Background: Rotavirus has been recognized as the most common cause of acute watery diarrhoea among under-five children worldwide. It is considered as a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh. Considering the high morbidity and significant mortality, this study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of rotaviral diarrhoea among children less than five years in Sylhet region of Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College from 1st January to 31st December, 2018. Total 184 under-five children admitted in paediatrics department of the same institute with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study by convenient sampling. Stool samples were obtained and assayed for rotavirus antigen by sandwich type enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Rotaviral antigen was found positive in 86 cases and disease prevalence was 46.74%. The rotavirus infection was found highest in age group of 7 to 12 months (50.56%) and in male (59.30%) children. Prevalence of infection was associated with age (p= 0.004), socio-economic condition (p=0.001) and exclusive breastfeeding of children (p=0.01). Conclusion: Rotavirus was a significant cause of acute watery diarrhoea and mainly affected children below 12 months age. BIRDEM Med J 2021; 11(3): 186-190

Download Full-text

Clinical Profile and Characterization of Rotavirus Strains in Under-Five Children with Diarrhea: A Hospital-Based Study from Eastern Odisha, India

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1741002 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

J Bikrant Kumar Prusty ◽

Jasashree Choudhury ◽

Goolla Akhila ◽

Mrutunjay Dash ◽

Mamata Devi Mohanty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Clinical Profile ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Surveillance Network ◽

Rotavirus Infection ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Prevalent Strain

Abstract Objective Diarrheal diseases are one of the most common causes of hospitalization in children under five. Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute diarrhea in younger children, and the prevalence decreases rapidly with increasing age. The objective of the study was to estimate the burden of rotavirus infection in acute gastroenteritis among under-five children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in eastern Odisha, for the clinical profile and identity of the prevalent strains. Methods This was a prospective observational study linked to the National Rotavirus Surveillance Network (NRSN), where 720 under-five children with diarrhea were enrolled. In total, 675 stool samples of eligible candidates were sent for rotavirus isolation, and identification of strains was done by identifying VP7 (G-type) and VP4 (P-type) genes by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results Categorical variables were presented as frequency and percentage, and continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Rotavirus was detected in 256 (37.92%) samples. Males outnumbered females. The most common affected age group was 7 to 12 months, followed by 13 to 18 months. G3P[8] was the most prevalent strain in this study. Conclusion Children between the age of 7 and 18 months were most vulnerable to rotavirus infection. The most prevalent strain varies from one region to another and continuous surveillance is needed.

Download Full-text

Awareness of quantity of ORS and Zinc among mothers of under five children with diarrhoea at a tertiary care Centre Lahore

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.264 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Mubeen Nazar Duggal ◽

Attia Bari ◽

Ayesha Mansoor ◽

Sara Saeed ◽

Wajiha Rizwan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oral Rehydration Salt ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Oral Rehydration ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Number Of Children

Abstract Objectives: To assess mothers’ knowledge about quantity of ORS and zinc in management of diarrhoea. Methods: Cross sectional study conducted over a period of 4 months from May 2019 to August 2019 among mothers accompanying under five children admitted in the diarrhoea ward of The Children’s hospital Lahore for rehydration and included 334 children age 2 months to 59 months. Data was collected regarding age, sex, residence, number of children in house hold, socioeconomic status, maternal literacy status, mother’s awareness of signs of dehydration in diarrhoea, familiarity with the term oral rehydration salt (ORS) as regards its correct preparation and administration and Zinc supplementation in diarrhoea. Conclusion: Majority mothers were aware of ORS and doctors were the main source of information. Many knew the correct role of ORS in diarrhoea and its method of preparation as sachet pack was the most commonly used type. Although ORS use rate was high, but most mothers were unaware of quantity of ORS to be given. Zinc use in diarrhoea was very low in our study. Keywords: Awareness, ORS, Zinc, Diarrhoea.

Download Full-text

Knowledge, attitude and practices of oral rehydration therapy among mothers coming to tertiary care centre

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20185194 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 127

Author(s):

Haricharan K. R. ◽

Punith S. ◽

Harsha P. J. ◽

Gowtham R.

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Microsoft Excel ◽

Oral Rehydration ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Diarrhoea Episode

Background: Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children. Correct knowledge regarding oral rehydration therapy (ORT) helps prevent morbidity and mortality due to diarrhoea. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers of under-five children regarding ORT and home management of diarrhoea.Methods: Study period from December 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2017, total of 200 mothers were enrolled in this study. The data was entered in Microsoft excel sheet and percentages were calculated.Results: 95% of mothers were aware about ORS. ORS was given by parents on own in16%, 55% were advised by doctor. Only 60% knew how to prepare ORS correctly. About 45.7% had used bottle to give ORS and 55.3% used cup and spoon. About 67.9% had knowledge of quantity of ORS to be given during diarrhoea episode. Exclusive breast feeding was practised in 86% of mothers till 6 months of age. Misconceptions about the use of ORS were seen in 60% and more among illiterates. About 21% mothers’ felt ORS should be stopped if diarrhoea continues. Only 5% of mothers felt ORS can be given even if child has vomiting. About 9% mothers felt no fluids should be given during diarrhoea.Conclusions: Mothers’ knowledge and attitude on use of ORS in diarrhoea need to be improved.

Download Full-text

Clinical study of central serous chorioretinopathy presenting in a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20194992 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 4200

Author(s):

Ramamani Dalai ◽

Rajashree Rout ◽

Manjula Pradhan ◽

Prasanta Kumar Nanda

Keyword(s):

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Population Based ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Medical College ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Common Causes ◽

The Common

Background: Central Serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is one of the common causes of visual handicap affecting young people of highly intellectual professionals at the peak of their career which can lead to irrecoverable loss of vision.Methods: The present prospective observational population-based study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha from October 2013 to September 2015. The total number of patients attended the Outpatient Department (OPD) during the study period were 1,83,199. Amongst which 123 patients diagnosed to have CSCR were selected for the present study.Results: Incidence of CSCR during in this study period was 0.06%. The age group most commonly affected was 31 to 40 years. Males were affected 7 times more commonly than females. Increased incidence was noticed in bank employees (21.1 %) and IT professionals (17.8%).Conclusions: There was increased incidence of the disease in people under stressful life condition.

Download Full-text

Side Effects of Chemotherapy and Cancer Treatment in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.32463/rphs.2016.v02i01.13 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 62-78

Author(s):

. Hemraj ◽

Raj Kumar ◽

Sourabh Kosey ◽

Amit Sharma ◽

Nalini Negi

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Informational Needs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Clinical Pharmacists ◽

Medical College ◽

Related Information ◽

The Common ◽

Chemotherapy Patients

To determine the most common physical side effects experienced by local chemotherapy patients. Their perceptions of these side effects and informational needs from clinical pharmacists were also evaluated. This was a single center, observational cross-sectional study conducted at department of General Surgery, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab. A face to face interview was conducted. Information collected included chemotherapy related side effects after last chemotherapy experience, the most worrisome side effects, overlooked by healthcare professionals and the preferred method, amount and source of receiving related information. In this study, hundred patients were enrolled out of them 48 were male and 52 were female. When differential calculations was done, common side effects or adverse effects of chemotherapy in the patients of breast, lung cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Colon cancer, Prostate cancer, Lymphoma Cancer, Cervix cancer where there is much irregular medicine intake 57.4% may be due to common problem of joint pain reported by all the patients under study, with the consecutive problem of nausea and vomiting. The high prevalence of chemotherapy related side effects among local patients is a major concern and findings of their perceptions and informational needs may serve as a valuable guide for clinical pharmacists and physicians to help in side effect management. This study shows the common problems reported by the patients when they are suffering from cancer condition, according to their incidence perceptions as experienced by the patient, this will allow the physician and clinical pharmacist to effectively counsel and manage the common symptoms as reported prior to its occurrence in the patient, so that withdrawal can be checked.

Download Full-text

Peripartum hysterectomy: a five year review at a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173490 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 3590

Author(s):

Deepak A. V. ◽

K. J. Jacob ◽

Sumi P. Maria

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Case Series ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

College Hospital ◽

Peripartum Hysterectomy ◽

Medical College ◽

Obstetric Haemorrhage ◽

Suboptimal Care

Background: Peripartum hysterectomy is a life-saving procedure resorted to when conservative measures fail to control obstetric haemorrhage. Several predisposing factors, suboptimal care and lack of infrastructure may lead to this emergency procedure. We wanted to find out factors associated with peripartum hysterectomy and the adverse maternal outcomes at our centre.Methods: A retrospective case series analysis of 40 cases of peripartum hysterectomy performed over a period of 5 years from January 2010 to December 2014 at Government Medical College Hospital, Thrissur, Kerala was done.Results: The incidence of peripartum hysterectomy was 0.29%. The most common indication for peripartum hysterectomy was hysterectomy was uterine atony (50%). Thirty-five women (88%) were between 20 and 35 years. Most of the subjects were unbooked. There were two maternal deaths (case fatality rate of 5%) following peripartum hysterectomy during this period. All the subjects required blood transfusion.Conclusions: Prompt performance hysterectomy before the patient’s clinical condition deteriorates is the key to success. The incidence of adherent placenta is increasing, so every effort should be taken to reduce the caesarean section rates globally.

Download Full-text

Study on cervical cancer screening amongst nurses

10.1055/s-0039-1685284 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Astha Srivastava ◽

Bindiya Gupta ◽

Vikas Lakha ◽

Shilpa Singh

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Objective: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses at tertiary centre regarding cervical cancer screening. Material and Methods: Validated questionnaire was circulated amongst staff nurses at tertiary care centre after taking informed consent. Results and Discussion: Cancer of cervix is the most common genital tract malignancy in female and it is ranked second to breast cancer. It has a positive association with HPV infection. Cervical cancer incidence and mortality have declined substantially following introduction of screening programmes. This present study investigated the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses at GTB Hospital towards cervical cancer risk factors, sign & symptoms and screening as they are important health professionals. In our study, the results showed that 99% of respondents were aware of Pap smear as screening programme and about 60-70% were aware of HPV as positive organism, but most of them never had a Pap smear done before. Majority of them did not know VIA, VILI and colposcopy as screening techniques. Conclusion: It may thus be recommended that institutions should periodically organize seminars and training for health personnel especially the nurses which form a group of professionals that should give health education to women about cervical cancer.

Download Full-text