scholarly journals Subscription of various health insurance schemes and factors influencing them in rural area of central Karnataka: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 898
Author(s):  
Netra G. ◽  
B. A. Varadaraja Rao
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
The Family ◽  
Field Practice

Background: In a health insurance program, people who have the risk of a certain event contribute a small amount (premium) toward a health insurance fund. This fund is then used to treat patients who experience that particular event (e.g., hospitalization). It is a form of risk management which is used primarily to hedge against the risk of a contingent, uncertain loss. Health is wealth. Therefore, the concept of health insurance (HI) has evolved which finances health care. Objectives of the study was to assess subscription of various health insurance schemes and factors influencing them in the rural field practice area of SSIMS and RC, Davanagere.Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area of SSIMS and RC, Davangere from May to July 2016. A sample of 600 families were visited by systematic random sampling and data was collected from the head of the family with informed consent using a predesigned, pretested questionnaire by house to house interview. Analysis was done by using SPSS v10 and were results presented as percentages and proportions.Results: The total subscription in the study was 69.3%, Yeshasvini co-operative farmers’ health scheme coverage was 84% followed by others. The factors determining the subscription were the amount of premium, lack of funds, lack of awareness, lack of comprehensive coverage, etc.Conclusions: The premium has to be customized so that all the patients are benefited irrespective of the type of HI. 

scholarly journals Utilization, satisfaction, out of pocket expenditure and health seeking behaviour among the insured residents of rural field area: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1047
Author(s):  
Netra G. ◽  
B. A. Varadaraja Rao ◽  
Prakash Kengnal
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Family ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Out Of Pocket Expenses

Background: Health insurance is also called as medical insurance offering coverage that pays for unexpected medical and surgical expenses to the policyholder. A health insurance plan is one of the most secured and safest way to provide financial coverage to the insured family. Objective of this study was to assess utilization, satisfaction, out of pocket expenses and to determine the health seeking behaviour of the insured residents of the rural field practice area of SSIMS and RC, Davanagere.Methods: The study was done in the rural field practice area of the medical college, Davangere from January 2016 to December 2016. A sample of 600 families were studied by systematic random sampling and data was collected from the head of the family using structured questionnaire by house to house interview. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS v10, percentages, proportions and Chi-square tests were applied to find the association among the variables.Results: The utilization of health insurance in the present study was 50.2% and satisfaction regarding the health insurance schemes was 93.4%.Conclusions: The study reveals that the out of pocket expenses is high among the uninsured families compared to the insured families. The Insurance policies should be revived to do favour the patients so that more families will be encouraged to enrol and utilize so that the out of pocket expenses will be reduced.

scholarly journals Prevalence of chronic conditions and multimorbidity in Estonia: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e049045
Author(s):  
Mikk Jürisson ◽  
Heti Pisarev ◽  
Anneli Uusküla ◽  
Katrin Lang ◽  
M Oona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health Insurance Fund ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesPrevalence estimates for specific chronic conditions and multimorbidity (MM) in eastern Europe are scarce. This national study estimates the prevalence of MM by age group and sex in Estonia.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study, using administrative data.SettingData were collected on 55 chronic conditions from the Estonian Health Insurance Fund from 2015 to 2017. MM was defined as the coexistence of two or more conditions.ParticipantsThe Estonian Health Insurance Fund includes data for approximately 95% of the Estonian population receiving public health insurance.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence and 95% CIs for MM stratified by age group and sex.ResultsNearly half (49.1%) of the individuals (95% CI 49.0 to 49.3) had at least 1 chronic condition, and 30.1% (95% CI 30.0 to 30.2) had MM (2 or more chronic conditions). The number of conditions and the prevalence of MM increased with age, ranging from an MM prevalence of 3.5% (3.5%–3.6%) in the youngest (0–24 years) to as high as 80.4% (79.4%–81.3%) in the oldest (≥85 years) age group. Half of all individuals had MM by 60 years of age, and 75% of the population had MM by 75 years of age. Women had a higher prevalence of MM (34.9%, 95% CI 34.7 to 35.0) than men (24.4%, 95% CI 24.3 to 24.5). Hypertension was the most frequent chronic condition (24.5%), followed by chronic pain (12.4%) and arthritis (7.7%).ConclusionsHypertension is an important chronic condition amenable to treatment with lifestyle and therapeutic interventions. Given the established correlation between uncontrolled hypertension and exacerbation of other cardiovascular conditions as well as acute illnesses, this most common condition within the context of MM may be suitable for targeted public health interventions.

scholarly journals Factors associated with open air defecation in a rural field practice area of a medical college: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Arshiya Taranum ◽  
Satya Reddy ◽  
Muhammed Muntazeem G. ◽  
Bhaskar Kurre
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Family ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Bodies Of Water ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Open defecation is the practice where people go out in fields, bushes, forests, open bodies of water or other open spaces rather than using the toilet to defecate. The health hazards due open air defecation are soil and water pollution, contamination of foods and propagation of flies which results in the spread of diseases like typhoid, cholera, dysenteries, diarrheas, hookworm diseases, ascariasis, viral hepatitis and other intestinal infections.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Singanodi village. 122 houses were selected for interview. One member from each household, preferably the head of the family was interviewed. The questionnaire included the socio-demographic features, practices about sanitary latrine usage and awareness about the diseases due to open air defecation. Data was entered in MS Excel and analysed using SPSS vs 20.Results: In the study the prevalence of open air defecation was found to be 63.1%. Majority of the study participants (52.5%) had sanitary latrines in their houses. 15.6% of the household practices open air defecation in spite of having toilets in their homes. Significant association was found between education and overcrowding with open air defecation.Conclusions: The study reinforces the importance of creating awareness about the importance of sanitary latrines and involvement of Government, NGO and communities is essential to stop open air defecation practices.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic determinants of morbidities in infancy: a cross sectional study in urban field practice area of MRMC, Kalaburagi

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1859
Author(s):  
Faraha Naaz ◽  
S. R. Nigudgi ◽  
Shreeshail Ghooli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: The first few years of life is the most crucial period of life as this age is known for accelerated growth and development. Various studies in India have shown that respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections are the leading cause of morbidity in infants. These infectious diseases are affected by several sociodemographic factors such as birth weight, gestational age, birth order, immunization status, day care attendance and socio-economic status of the family.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the urban field practice area of department of community medicine MRMC, Kalaburagi from June 2016-October 2016. House to house survey using pre-structured and pretested questionnaire method was done.Results: Out of 104 infants in the present study it was found that majority 53% were females and 49% were males. Majority 61.5% of the infants belonged to low socioeconomic class and majority 54.8% of them were from nuclear families, most 62.5% of the infants had 1-2 siblings in the family and 34.6% had no siblings, 51% of the mothers were illiterate and majority 54.8% of the fathers were literate. Among all the morbidities majority 36.50% had fever. No significant association was found between various social factors.Conclusions: Though no significant association was found between morbidity and socio-demographic factors, but the socio demographic factors which showed more prevalence of morbidity among infants were females, number of siblings in the family and lower socio economic class. As these infants are the future citizens of the country hence their health should be the utmost priority for us and their health needs should be properly addressed.

Factors influencing depression in primary caregivers of patients with dementia in China: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 734-739
Author(s):  
Yanhong H. Zhang ◽  
Yin Cheng ◽  
Zhaoqin Wang ◽  
Tianting Yang ◽  
Wenjun Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals Regarding Factors Associated with Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Their Consequences: A Cross Sectional Study in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Baraka ◽  
Amany Alboghdadly ◽  
Samar Alshawwa ◽  
Asim Ahmed Elnour ◽  
Hassan Alsultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Inappropriate Prescribing ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factors Influencing

Factors reported in the literature associated with inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials include physicians with less experience, uncertain diagnosis, and patient caregiver influences on physicians’ decisions. Monitoring antimicrobial resistance is critical for identifying emerging resistance patterns, developing, and assessing the effectiveness of mitigation strategies. Improvement in prescribing antimicrobials would minimize the risk of resistance and, consequently, improve patients’ clinical and health outcomes. The purpose of the study is to delineate factors associated with antimicrobial resistance, describe the factors influencing prescriber’s choice during prescribing of antimicrobial, and examine factors related to consequences of inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobial. A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare providers (190) in six tertiary hospitals in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The research panel has developed, validated, and piloted survey specific with closed-ended questions. A value of p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. All data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS version 23.0). 72.7% of the respondents have agreed that poor skills and knowledge are key factors that contribute to the inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials. All of the respondents acknowledged effectiveness, previous experience with the antimicrobial, and reading scientific materials (such as books, articles, and the internet) as being key factors influencing physicians’ choice during antimicrobial prescribing. The current study has identified comprehensive education and training needs for healthcare providers about antimicrobial resistance. Using antimicrobials unnecessarily, insufficient duration of antimicrobial use, and using broad spectrum antimicrobials were reported to be common practices. Furthermore, poor skills and knowledge were a key factor that contributed to the inappropriate use and overuse of antimicrobials, and the use of antimicrobials without a physician’s prescription (i.e., self-medication) represent key factors which contribute to AMR from participants’ perspectives. Furthermore, internal policy and guidelines are needed to ensure that the antimicrobials are prescribed in accordance with standard protocols and clinical guidelines.

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