Analysis and forecast of road traffic accident in Saudi Arabia from 1990 until 2018

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are an epidemic problem in Saudi Arabia, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. This paper investigates the increasing number of RTAs and their related injuries and mortalities in Saudi Arabia.Methods: This study was performed on the population of Saudi Arabia using secondary data from the general authority for statistics from 1990 to 2018. Correlation among the variables (RTAs, injuries, mortalities, and population) was conducted using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), and forecasts of their trends over the next ten years using linear regression was discussed.Results: Eastern, Makkah and Riyadh regions were the top three regions in the number of RTAs accounting for 69% of the total RTAs in Saudi Arabia. All regions have had a pattern of RTA rise from 1990 till 2014 that dropped in the last 4 years. Riyadh had the highest injury rate per 10,000 RTA, although it had the lowest RTA rate per 100,000 population in the period from 2010-2014. Mortality rate in Riyadh doubled between the years 2014 and 2018 while Makkah accounted for the highest RTA-related mortality rates. The correlation between RTAs and mortalities were the highest in the country (r=0.92). In 2030, the average annual increase in the rate of RTAs, related injuries, and related mortalities will be 3%, 2% and 2.1%, respectively.Conclusions: Decision makers in Saudi traffic and transportation department should continue monitoring accidents prevention strategies and their effect. Reasons behind high injury and mortality rates, despite the decrease in the rate of RTAs, should be investigated.

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The impact of traffic law enforcement on road accident fatalities in Botswana

Journal of Transport and Supply Chain Management ◽

10.4102/jtscm.v5i1.77 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thuso Mphela

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Road Accident ◽

Driver Behaviour ◽

Traffic Law ◽

Traffic Law Enforcement ◽

To Come ◽

The Impact

Botswana has one of the highest rates of increase in road traffic accidents and fatalities in the world. The amendment of road laws came with stricter penalties for road offences which included higher fines and longer jail terms. This study uses multiple regression analysis subjecting variables to backward stepwise regression with a view to assessing the impact traffic law enforcement has had on fatalities in Botswana after the review of the Traffic Act of Botswana in 2008. The study uses secondary data and interview data obtained from law enforcers. The findings reveal that the enforcement of the new road laws has achieved little in the reduction of fatalities. Increasing the minimum driver licensing age may be a panacea to road accidents. Licensed drivers in the age group 30 to 45 years have the lowest rate of fatalities. The study questions the ability of punitive policies (i.e. road fines) to reduce fatalities. It offers that driver behaviour should be studied to come up with relevant policies.

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Application Of Act No. 22 Of 2009 As A Traffic Accidents Countermeasures Management In The Blora Police Law Area

Jurnal Daulat Hukum ◽

10.30659/jdh.v3i2.9373 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 259

Author(s):

Preliyanto Puji Utomo ◽

Bambang Tri Bawono

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Field Studies ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Primary Data ◽

Road Transportation ◽

Library Studies ◽

Accident Rates

The problems discussed in this study are efforts to tackle traffic accidents by law enforcers in the Blora Police Law Area and the application of Act No. 22 Of 2009 On Road Traffic and Transportation to accident rates in the Blora Police Law Area. The approach method used is sociological juridical, descriptive analytical research specifications. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection methods are field studies and library studies. The data analysis method uses qualitative analysis. As a knife analysis, crime prevention theory and law enforcement theory are used. The results of the research show that the handling of traffic accidents by law enforcers in the Blora Police Law Area is carried out through preventive and repressive measures. Preventive efforts are carried out through routine patrol activities, zebra operations, counseling at schools and in the community and installing biilboard warning signs in accident-prone areas. The repressive effort is carried out through a series of investigative actions against traffic accidents which are guided by applicable laws and regulations. The application of Act No. 22 Of 2009 On Traffic and Road Transportation towards accident rates in the Blora Police Law Area is not optimal. The accident rate is still relatively high from year to year despite various efforts have been carried out. This is due to the lack of public awareness and legal culture of the community which does not support the programs implemented by the Blora Police Law Area in reducing the level of traffic accidents.Keywords: Implementation; Countermeasures; Traffic Accidents.

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TRAFFIC-RELATED MORTALITY IN MOLDOVA

Economy and sociology ◽

10.36004/nier.es.2020.2-12 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 140-147

Keyword(s):

Life Expectancy ◽

Traffic Accident ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Road Accident ◽

Road Accidents ◽

Continuous Increase ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Related Mortality

This article analyses the mortality caused by road accidents in Moldova depending on the degree of involvement of pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, drivers and passengers of transport units, depending on age and sex. Results suggest that traffic-related mortality in Moldova has shown an increased incidence among the young and working-age population, where a significant difference between males and females is observed. Among the youth, traffic-related deaths register between 10-27% of the overall mortality in both sexes. The risk exposure of dying in a traffic accident decreases with age and is less significant in the retired ages. During the years 1998-2015, avoidance of trafficrelated deaths would have assured an increase in life expectancy between 0.40-0.56 years in males, and 0.09-0.23 years in females. The continuous increase in the number of transport units on public roads, as well as in the number of hours spent in traffic, influences the degree of exposure to the risk of death or injury as a result of road traffic accidents. Trauma resulting from road accidents increases the incidence of premature mortality and disability among the population, which is reflected by the decrease of healthy life expectancy. It is ascertained that the road accident mortality requires a detailed and comprehensive analysis given the multitude of factors influencing deaths and injuries related to a traffic accident among the population. Thus, in order to improve road safety and reduce mortality incidence among traffic participants, a range of actions has to be implemented by the liable actors, including through the international experience.

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Visual Function of Drivers and its Relation to the Occurrence of Road Traffic Accidents in Saudi Arabia

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6787 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (B) ◽

pp. 1016-1020

Author(s):

Sulaiman Aldakhil ◽

Godwin Ovenseri-Ogbomo ◽

Majid Moafa ◽

Waleed Alghamdi ◽

Muhammed Alluwimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Binocular Vision ◽

Visual Function ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Health Examination ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Good Visual Acuity ◽

History Of ◽

Eye Examination

BACKGROUND: The mortality rate due to road traffic accidents (RTA) is significantly high in Saudi Arabia (SA) compared to other countries. The visual function which includes good visual acuity (VA) and binocular vision are very important factors that can contribute to the incidence of RTA. AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between refractive errors (REs) and the RTA in SA. METHODS: A total of 354 participants (mean age 22.67 ± 3.22 years) were recruited randomly to participate in this study from the population of Qassim district. Data collected using the questionnaire included participants’ age, sex, and education level, ocular and medical history, driving history as well as history of RTA. Ocular health examination including VA, RE measurements, and binocular vision function vision was measured and analyzed. RESULTS: The results of this study show that 48.3% of drivers had some form of REs with 3.4% being visually impaired. 217 (61.3%) of participants have had an RTA, and 119 (54.9%) of them have had more than two accidents in the past two years. The findings show no significant association between the occurrence of RTA and uncorrected REs or binocular vision dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Our data showed significantly higher rate of RTA among Saudi drivers which is much higher than any country in the world. The current Saudi regulations for obtaining driving license need to be modified, with implementing a comprehensive eye examination prior to acquiring or renewing drivers’ licenses.

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Injury patterns among road traffic accidents: a hospital-based study in Ecuador

Bionatura ◽

10.21931/rb/2021.06.02.710.21931/ ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1704-1711

Author(s):

Aline Siteneski ◽

Leonardo D. Jalca Cantos ◽

Emily P. Calderón Delgado ◽

Ruth M. Yaguache Celi ◽

César A. Silva Saltos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Health Centre ◽

Road Traffic Injuries ◽

Santa Ana ◽

Car Accidents ◽

Injury Occurrence ◽

The Social ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The City

Traffic accidents are serious public health problems, account for profound economic costs to individuals, families, and societies. The social impacts range from physiological to economic causes, which could be a serious negative effect, especially in undeveloped countries. To further elucidate this problem, the prevalence of injuries caused by traffic accidents in a Santa Ana Health Centre, Portoviejo, Ecuador, was studied. This registry-based retrospective study analyzed data on Santa Ana, from Enero 2016 to Diciembre 2019, and the medical records of patients who had been admitted were extracted and analyzed. Passengers cars, motorcycles, and bicycles involved in collisions were included, and the information collected was relating to sex, age, and type of injuries. In total, 75%±6.34 patients victims of road traffic injuries were males, and their mean age was 20 and 49 years. There was a cooperative agreement between total injury occurrence (%) and type of vehicle. Bus and car accidents had lower relation (R2 = 0.44, 078) (p = 0.063, 0.005) with total occurrence. The highest relation was found in motorbikes (R2 = 0.98 p = 2e-05), since it's the primary or most popular means of transportation in the city. The best of our knowledge is the first study to reporting data on road traffic injuries in the Province of Manabí, the third-largest province in extension in Ecuador. Additional studies with larger populations are thus necessary to construct a robust data system in undeveloped countries that can facilitate the flow of reliable information about road traffic injuries.

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A study on road traffic accidents in Arar, Saudi Arabia

The Egyptian Journal of Surgery ◽

10.4103/ejs.ejs_81_17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 451

Author(s):

MuharibM Alshammari ◽

NagahM Abo El-Fetoh ◽

MushrefS Alshammari ◽

AbdulazizS Alshammari ◽

AbdulazizM Alsharari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Road Traffic Accidents

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Aetiological factors contributing to road traffic accidents in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia

Journal of the Royal Society of Health ◽

10.1177/146642409611600508 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 116 (5) ◽

pp. 304-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Fatin H. Nofal ◽

Abdalla A. W. Saeed ◽

Charles C. Anokute

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Riyadh City

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The Social Cost of Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Singapore

Traffic And Transportation Studies (2002) ◽

10.1061/40630(255)159 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Anthony TH Chin

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Social Cost ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

The Social

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Daylight Saving Time Transitions and Road Traffic Accidents

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2010/657167 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Tuuli Lahti ◽

Esa Nysten ◽

Jari Haukka ◽

Pekka Sulander ◽

Timo Partonen

Keyword(s):

Circadian Rhythm ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

The Body ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Time Schedule ◽

Daylight Saving Time ◽

Daylight Saving ◽

The Social ◽

A Minor

Circadian rhythm disruptions may have harmful impacts on health. Circadian rhythm disruptions caused by jet lag compromise the quality and amount of sleep and may lead to a variety of symptoms such as fatigue, headache, and loss of attention and alertness. Even a minor change in time schedule may cause considerable stress for the body. Transitions into and out of daylight saving time alter the social and environmental timing twice a year. According to earlier studies, this change in time-schedule leads to sleep disruption and fragmentation of the circadian rhythm. Since sleep deprivation decreases motivation, attention, and alertness, transitions into and out of daylight saving time may increase the amount of accidents during the following days after the transition. We studied the amount of road traffic accidents one week before and one week after transitions into and out of daylight saving time during years from 1981 to 2006. Our results demonstrated that transitions into and out of daylight saving time did not increase the number of traffic road accidents.

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Maxillofacial Injuries Due to Road Traffic Accidents in Saudi Arabia: A Review of Incidence, Demographic Factors & Prevention Strategies

International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.18311/ijmds/2017/18795 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1386

Author(s):

Kamran Bokhari Syed

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Seat Belt ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Traffic Monitoring ◽

World Health ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Maxillofacial Injuries

Background: World Health Organization has estimated that nearly 25% of all injuries fatalities worldwide are a result of road traffic crashes with 90% of the fatalities occurring in low and middle income countries. Trauma in Saudi Arabia is a major public health problem with increasing rates of mortality and morbidity.Objectives: To review the incidence of maxillofacial injuries due to road traffic accidents in Saudi Arabia and to highlight the etiological factors, the current preventive strategies and suggestions to reduce such injuries.Material and Methods: This review was conducted through literature search over a period of 25 years. The key words included in the search include road traffic injuries, maxillofacial trauma, Saudi Arabia. The search was conducted through search engines and which included Google, science direct, pub med. A total of 56 reference articles and web pages were reviewed. 31 of these references are cited in this review. The demographic factors involved in road traffic accidents, the existing legislation in the country as cited in the literature, primary care system and recent advances in management are highlighted in this review article.Conclusion: Trauma is a preventable cause of death, morbidity, depression and unemployment. Simple measures such as seat belt legislation, traffic monitoring, creation of awareness among youth will significantly bring down loss of lives. This will create a better society to live and enjoy life.

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